Exam 17: Political Systems

In an ethnographic field study of political systems in northern Mozambique,Nicholas Kottak found that avoiding shame can be an effective control against breaking social norms.This example of how shame can be a powerful social sanction

According to Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault,it is easier and more effective to dominate people in their minds than to try to control their bodies.

Noting that chiefdoms created the megalithic cultures of Europe,such as the one that built Stonehenge,Kottak reminds us that

In the Igbo women's war,women used song,dance,noise,and "in-your-face" behavior to attempt to subvert formal authority,but women did not gain any greater influence.

Contrast two of the following as political regulators:

Anthropologist Susan Kent notes a tendency to stereotype foragers,to treat them as all alike.They used to be stereotyped as isolated,primitive survivors of the Stone Age.Another common,more recent,stereotype of foragers sees them as

According to Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault,

What is an age set?

Since bands lack formalized law,they have no way of settling disputes.

Modern foragers are not Stone Age relics,living fossils,lost tribes,or noble savages.Still,to the extent that foraging has been the basis of their subsistence,contemporary and recent hunter-gatherers

The Qashqai and Basseri peoples are examples of nomadic foragers who live in modern-day Iran.

The presence and acceptance of which of the following is one of the key distinguishing features of a state?

With the rise of states,kinship's role in society continued to grow and dominate daily activities.

Modern hunter-gatherers should not be seen as representative of Stone Age peoples,all of whom were also foragers.Why?

The Yanomami of Venezuela and Brazil have descent groups,which span more than one village and are

How do chiefdoms differ from states?

The Inuit song battle is

Which of the following statements about nonstate societies is true?

A fiscal system includes the judges,laws,and courts that resolve conflicts.

Why is it important to remember that the chiefdom and the state,like many categories used by social scientists,are ideal types?