Question 1

In a bifurcate merging kinship system,which of the following would be referred to by the same term?

Accepted Answer

A)  F and MB 
B)  M and MZ 
C)  MB and FB 
D)  FZ and MZ 
E)  JR and BJ 
A)  F and MB 
B)  M and MZ 
C)  MB and FB 
D)  FZ and MZ 
E)  JR and BJ

Question 2

In Arembepe,Brazil,a degree of community solidarity was promoted by the myth that everyone was kin.However,social solidarity was actually much less developed in Arembepe than in societies with clans and lineages.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intense social solidarity requires not a myth but a biologically grounded genealogy that shows people's actual relatedness. 
B)  Arembepeiros who became successful were bound by social obligation to share their wealth. This powerful leveling mechanism worked against social solidarity. 
C)  In societies with clans and lineages, social solidarity is much more developed, because they have more elaborate kinship rituals than Arembepeiros do. 
D)  Intense social solidarity is possible only in societies having homogeneous ancestry. In Arembepe, high ethnic diversity weakens kinship ties. 
E)  Intense social solidarity demands that some people be excluded. By asserting they were all related-that is, by excluding no one-Arembepeiros were actually weakening kinship's potential strength in creating and maintaining group solidarity. 
A)  Intense social solidarity requires not a myth but a biologically grounded genealogy that shows people's actual relatedness. 
B)  Arembepeiros who became successful were bound by social obligation to share their wealth. This powerful leveling mechanism worked against social solidarity. 
C)  In societies with clans and lineages, social solidarity is much more developed, because they have more elaborate kinship rituals than Arembepeiros do. 
D)  Intense social solidarity is possible only in societies having homogeneous ancestry. In Arembepe, high ethnic diversity weakens kinship ties. 
E)  Intense social solidarity demands that some people be excluded. By asserting they were all related-that is, by excluding no one-Arembepeiros were actually weakening kinship's potential strength in creating and maintaining group solidarity.

Question 3

What is the most common system of kinship classification used in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  bifurcate merging 
B)  lineal 
C)  bifurcate collateral 
D)  generational 
E)  patrilineal 
A)  bifurcate merging 
B)  lineal 
C)  bifurcate collateral 
D)  generational 
E)  patrilineal

Question 4

This chapter offers a brief overview of kinship-related demographic changes in the United States and Canada.How have kinship arrangements changed? How do these changes relate to other cultural changes? Do you find any of the current trends surprising? If so,why?

Accepted Answer

Kinship arrangements in the United State

Question 5

What makes up ego's nuclear family of orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)  parents and siblings 
B)  spouse and offspring 
C)  extended family 
D)  lineal kin 
E)  collateral kin 
A)  parents and siblings 
B)  spouse and offspring 
C)  extended family 
D)  lineal kin 
E)  collateral kin

Question 6

With patrilineal descent,someone takes his or her father's last name but recognizes descent through both parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Comparing notions of family between the United States and Brazil,the extended family still plays a central role for most Brazilians.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

There are rights,duties,and obligations associated with kinship and descent.Many societies have both families and descent groups.Give an illustration of how obligations to one may conflict with obligations to the other.How does your example relate to your experience managing rights,duties,and obligations in your own family?

Accepted Answer

One illustration of how obligations to f

Question 9

What is the name of the postmarital residence pattern in which the married couple is expected to establish their own home?

Accepted Answer

A)  neolocality 
B)  patrilocality 
C)  matrilocality 
D)  ambilocality 
E)  uxorilocality 
A)  neolocality 
B)  patrilocality 
C)  matrilocality 
D)  ambilocality 
E)  uxorilocality

Question 10

A descent group consists only of a married couple and their children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to genealogical kin types used by anthropologists to study kinship relations,what kind of relative is ego's mother's brother?

Accepted Answer

A)  lineal relative 
B)  affinal relative 
C)  collateral relative 
D)  nuclear family member 
E)  member of the P2 generation 
A)  lineal relative 
B)  affinal relative 
C)  collateral relative 
D)  nuclear family member 
E)  member of the P2 generation

Question 12

Kinship terminology is a classification system,a taxonomy or typology.More generally,a taxonomic system

Accepted Answer

A)  is based on how people perceive similarities and differences in the things being classified. 
B)  is accurate only when based on Western science. 
C)  is based on categories given by nature. 
D)  usually changes with every generation. 
E)  applies best to nonliving things. 
A)  is based on how people perceive similarities and differences in the things being classified. 
B)  is accurate only when based on Western science. 
C)  is based on categories given by nature. 
D)  usually changes with every generation. 
E)  applies best to nonliving things.

Question 13

Anthropologists are interested in kinship calculation,which is

Accepted Answer

A)  the position from which one views an egocentric genealogy. 
B)  the rules people use to determine their ethnic affiliation to a group. 
C)  the process by which people choose their postmarital residence. 
D)  the system by which people in a society reckon their kin relationships. 
E)  people's emic perspective on family values. 
A)  the position from which one views an egocentric genealogy. 
B)  the rules people use to determine their ethnic affiliation to a group. 
C)  the process by which people choose their postmarital residence. 
D)  the system by which people in a society reckon their kin relationships. 
E)  people's emic perspective on family values.

Question 14

Understanding kinship systems is an important part of anthropology because

Accepted Answer

A)  it provides an objective, universal perspective on how people are related to one another. 
B)  kinship ties are important to the people anthropologists study; they are a key component of people's everyday social relations. 
C)  their study is part of the anthropological tradition established by the field's pioneers. 
D)  kinship ties are what triggered the split between the hominin line and the rest of the primates and is thus the defining aspect of our humanity. 
E)  it is the only aspect of anthropological study that the general public cares about. 
A)  it provides an objective, universal perspective on how people are related to one another. 
B)  kinship ties are important to the people anthropologists study; they are a key component of people's everyday social relations. 
C)  their study is part of the anthropological tradition established by the field's pioneers. 
D)  kinship ties are what triggered the split between the hominin line and the rest of the primates and is thus the defining aspect of our humanity. 
E)  it is the only aspect of anthropological study that the general public cares about.

Question 15

U.S.kinship calculation is bilateral,traced equally through males and females; for example,father and mother.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Anthropologists distinguish between kin terms and genealogical kin types.What is the difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kin terms refers to the actual genealogical relationship; genealogical kin types are the words used for different relatives in a particular culture. 
B)  The difference is only a methodological one-in practice, they are the same thing. 
C)  Kin terms are the words used for different relatives in a particular language, but genealogical kin types refers to the actual genealogical relationship. 
D)  Kin terms are the words used for socially constructed relationships, whereas genealogical kin types refers to relatives. 
E)  Kin terms are the terms used for different relatives from the ego's perspective, whereas genealogical kin types refers to objective relatives from no perspective in particular. 
A)  Kin terms refers to the actual genealogical relationship; genealogical kin types are the words used for different relatives in a particular culture. 
B)  The difference is only a methodological one-in practice, they are the same thing. 
C)  Kin terms are the words used for different relatives in a particular language, but genealogical kin types refers to the actual genealogical relationship. 
D)  Kin terms are the words used for socially constructed relationships, whereas genealogical kin types refers to relatives. 
E)  Kin terms are the terms used for different relatives from the ego's perspective, whereas genealogical kin types refers to objective relatives from no perspective in particular.

Question 17

The Barí of Venezuela recognize multiple fathers,even though biologically there can be only one actual genitor.This example shows

Accepted Answer

A)  that women have a better understanding of biological processes than do men. 
B)  that like race and gender, kinship is culturally constructed. 
C)  cultures' explanations for biological processes vary because the access and quality of educational systems vary as well. 
D)  how, as in the United States, having more than one father is detrimental to a child's development and adjustment in society. 
E)  that multiple (partible) paternity is a common and beneficial biological fact. 
A)  that women have a better understanding of biological processes than do men. 
B)  that like race and gender, kinship is culturally constructed. 
C)  cultures' explanations for biological processes vary because the access and quality of educational systems vary as well. 
D)  how, as in the United States, having more than one father is detrimental to a child's development and adjustment in society. 
E)  that multiple (partible) paternity is a common and beneficial biological fact.

Question 18

Recent census data reveal that more U.S.women are now living without a husband than with one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Outside North America,Western Europe,and the European-derived cultures of Latin America,neolocal residence isn't all that common.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A nuclear family includes ego,ego's parents,and ego's grandparents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 19: Families, Kinship, and Descent

In a bifurcate merging kinship system,which of the following would be referred to by the same term?

In Arembepe,Brazil,a degree of community solidarity was promoted by the myth that everyone was kin.However,social solidarity was actually much less developed in Arembepe than in societies with clans and lineages.Why?

What is the most common system of kinship classification used in the United States?

This chapter offers a brief overview of kinship-related demographic changes in the United States and Canada.How have kinship arrangements changed? How do these changes relate to other cultural changes? Do you find any of the current trends surprising? If so,why?

What makes up ego's nuclear family of orientation?

With patrilineal descent,someone takes his or her father's last name but recognizes descent through both parents.

Comparing notions of family between the United States and Brazil,the extended family still plays a central role for most Brazilians.

What is the name of the postmarital residence pattern in which the married couple is expected to establish their own home?

A descent group consists only of a married couple and their children.

According to genealogical kin types used by anthropologists to study kinship relations,what kind of relative is ego's mother's brother?

Kinship terminology is a classification system,a taxonomy or typology.More generally,a taxonomic system

Anthropologists are interested in kinship calculation,which is

Understanding kinship systems is an important part of anthropology because

U.S.kinship calculation is bilateral,traced equally through males and females; for example,father and mother.

Anthropologists distinguish between kin terms and genealogical kin types.What is the difference?

The Barí of Venezuela recognize multiple fathers,even though biologically there can be only one actual genitor.This example shows

Recent census data reveal that more U.S.women are now living without a husband than with one.

Outside North America,Western Europe,and the European-derived cultures of Latin America,neolocal residence isn't all that common.

A nuclear family includes ego,ego's parents,and ego's grandparents.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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