Question 1

In unilineal descent,one's ancestry is traced through only one line of descent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What kind of kinship is most common in the contemporary United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  matrilateral kinship 
B)  bilateral kinship 
C)  patrilateral kinship 
D)  collateral kinship 
E)  generational kinship 
A)  matrilateral kinship 
B)  bilateral kinship 
C)  patrilateral kinship 
D)  collateral kinship 
E)  generational kinship

Question 3

Discuss ways in which kinship and descent help human populations adapt to their environments.

Accepted Answer

Kinship and descent play a crucial role

Question 4

Although nuclear families are found in many societies around the world,this phenomenon is not a cultural universal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A bifurcate merging kinship terminology distinguishes between collateral and lineal relatives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What term refers to the kind of descent in which people choose the descent group that they join?

Accepted Answer

A)  neolineal 
B)  patrilineal 
C)  ambilineal 
D)  matrilineal 
E)  bilineal 
A)  neolineal 
B)  patrilineal 
C)  ambilineal 
D)  matrilineal 
E)  bilineal

Question 7

A lineal kinship terminology

Accepted Answer

A)  is generally found in societies with patrilineal descent rules. 
B)  uses two terms to identify ego's parents' siblings: one term for both FZ and MZ and another term for both FB and MB. 
C)  is often found in association with the distinction between parallel and cross cousins. 
D)  stresses relationships with collaterals. 
E)  uses the same term to refer to M and MZ. 
A)  is generally found in societies with patrilineal descent rules. 
B)  uses two terms to identify ego's parents' siblings: one term for both FZ and MZ and another term for both FB and MB. 
C)  is often found in association with the distinction between parallel and cross cousins. 
D)  stresses relationships with collaterals. 
E)  uses the same term to refer to M and MZ.

Question 8

Members of a clan say they are descended from a common apical ancestor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

With unilineal descent,one's lineage affiliation is ascribed at birth,but with ambilineal descent,lineage affiliation is more fluid,because each member chooses his or her own descent group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the difference between kin terms and genealogical kin types? Why would an anthropologist want to make such a distinction? Can you see any problems with this distinction? In your everyday experience,do you distinguish between kin terms and genealogical kin types?

Accepted Answer

Kin terms refer to the specific words or

Question 11

After reaching an all-time low for the 20th century in the 1970s,the nuclear family is now making a rebound,accounting for a greater number of U.S.households each year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In a lineal system of kinship terminology,which of the following pairs would be referred to by the same term?

Accepted Answer

A)  M and FZ 
B)  M and MZ 
C)  FB and MB 
D)  FB and FZ 
E)  F and FB 
A)  M and FZ 
B)  M and MZ 
C)  FB and MB 
D)  FB and FZ 
E)  F and FB

Question 13

Between 1970 and 2012 the number of divorced Americans increased sixfold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Industrialization increases mobility,which plays a major role in the disappearance of extended families in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Like race,kinship is a cultural construction,in that it exhibits considerable cultural diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In some systems of kinship terminology,lineal and collateral relatives are grouped together under the same kinship terms,and in others they are not.In terms of the sociocultural setting in which these terminologies exist,discuss reasons for the differences.

Accepted Answer

The differences in grouping lineal and c

Question 17

Cite evidence confirming or denying the universality of the nuclear family.Give examples from different cultures.What other social units might assume the functions associated with nuclear families?

Accepted Answer

The universality of the nuclear family h

Question 18

Contemporary North American adults usually define their families as consisting of their husbands or wives and their children.In contrast,when middle-class Brazilians talk about their families,they mean their parents,siblings,aunts,uncles,grandparents,and on,down to their children.They rarely mention the spouse.Which of the following is among the reasons for this stark cultural contrast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brazilians readily incorporate strangers into their social worlds. 
B)  North Americans value independence over their family. 
C)  North Americans have more choices about where they can live, and they have chosen to live away from their relatives. 
D)  Brazilians live in a less mobile society and so stay in closer contact with their relatives, including members of their extended family, than do North Americans. 
E)  Brazilians have purely economic relationships with their spouses. 
A)  Brazilians readily incorporate strangers into their social worlds. 
B)  North Americans value independence over their family. 
C)  North Americans have more choices about where they can live, and they have chosen to live away from their relatives. 
D)  Brazilians live in a less mobile society and so stay in closer contact with their relatives, including members of their extended family, than do North Americans. 
E)  Brazilians have purely economic relationships with their spouses.

Question 19

Which term refers to the family in which a child is raised?

Accepted Answer

A)  family of procreation 
B)  family of orientation 
C)  family of nucleation 
D)  genealogical family 
E)  family of kin 
A)  family of procreation 
B)  family of orientation 
C)  family of nucleation 
D)  genealogical family 
E)  family of kin

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT belong to ego's matrilineage?

Accepted Answer

A)  FM 
B)  B 
C)  ZS 
D)  MB 
E)  M 
A)  FM 
B)  B 
C)  ZS 
D)  MB 
E)  M

Exam 19: Families, Kinship, and Descent

In unilineal descent,one's ancestry is traced through only one line of descent.

What kind of kinship is most common in the contemporary United States?

Discuss ways in which kinship and descent help human populations adapt to their environments.

Although nuclear families are found in many societies around the world,this phenomenon is not a cultural universal.

A bifurcate merging kinship terminology distinguishes between collateral and lineal relatives.

What term refers to the kind of descent in which people choose the descent group that they join?

A lineal kinship terminology

Members of a clan say they are descended from a common apical ancestor.

With unilineal descent,one's lineage affiliation is ascribed at birth,but with ambilineal descent,lineage affiliation is more fluid,because each member chooses his or her own descent group.

What is the difference between kin terms and genealogical kin types? Why would an anthropologist want to make such a distinction? Can you see any problems with this distinction? In your everyday experience,do you distinguish between kin terms and genealogical kin types?

After reaching an all-time low for the 20th century in the 1970s,the nuclear family is now making a rebound,accounting for a greater number of U.S.households each year.

In a lineal system of kinship terminology,which of the following pairs would be referred to by the same term?

Between 1970 and 2012 the number of divorced Americans increased sixfold.

Industrialization increases mobility,which plays a major role in the disappearance of extended families in the United States.

Like race,kinship is a cultural construction,in that it exhibits considerable cultural diversity.

In some systems of kinship terminology,lineal and collateral relatives are grouped together under the same kinship terms,and in others they are not.In terms of the sociocultural setting in which these terminologies exist,discuss reasons for the differences.

Cite evidence confirming or denying the universality of the nuclear family.Give examples from different cultures.What other social units might assume the functions associated with nuclear families?

Which term refers to the family in which a child is raised?

Which of the following does NOT belong to ego's matrilineage?

What Is Anthropology

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Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

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The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

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After reaching an all-time low for the 20^th century in the 1970s,the nuclear family is now making a rebound,accounting for a greater number of U.S.households each year.