Question 1

What is the name of the wild ancestor of maize?

Accepted Answer

A)  corn 
B)  guajalote 
C)  cavia 
D)  teosinte 
E)  elote 
A)  corn 
B)  guajalote 
C)  cavia 
D)  teosinte 
E)  elote

Question 2

The Natufians' ability to exploit their rich local environment with broad-spectrum foraging made it possible for them to

Accepted Answer

A)  live in year-round villages prior to the emergence of domestication. 
B)  establish the foundations of a complex state even prior to boosting food production. 
C)  experiment with agricultural techniques that would eventually lead to increased food production and a truly sedentary lifestyle. 
D)  have a nutritious diet with staples ranging from millet to manioc. 
E)  incorporate roaming herding groups into their sedentary communities. 
A)  live in year-round villages prior to the emergence of domestication. 
B)  establish the foundations of a complex state even prior to boosting food production. 
C)  experiment with agricultural techniques that would eventually lead to increased food production and a truly sedentary lifestyle. 
D)  have a nutritious diet with staples ranging from millet to manioc. 
E)  incorporate roaming herding groups into their sedentary communities.

Question 3

Which of the following conditions did NOT contribute to the development of food production in the Middle East?

Accepted Answer

A)  the shift to a broad-spectrum subsistence pattern at the end of the Upper Paleolithic 
B)  the availability of annual grasses with edible grains 
C)  the diffusion of domesticated animal species from southern Europe 
D)  population increase, leading people to try planting grasses in new ecological niches 
E)  favorable changes in cultivated grains through artificial selection 
A)  the shift to a broad-spectrum subsistence pattern at the end of the Upper Paleolithic 
B)  the availability of annual grasses with edible grains 
C)  the diffusion of domesticated animal species from southern Europe 
D)  population increase, leading people to try planting grasses in new ecological niches 
E)  favorable changes in cultivated grains through artificial selection

Question 4

The domesticated millet that appeared in China around 7500 B.P. was first domesticated in sub-Saharan Africa by about 8000 B.P., then diffused to China through long-distance trade networks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Recent research using microscopic evidence suggests that farming in the tropical lowlands of Central and South America began at around the same time that food production arose in the Middle East.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT true regarding Europe by 10,000 B.P.?

Accepted Answer

A)  The range of hunting, gathering, and fishing populations extended to the formerly glaciated British Isles and Scandinavia. 
B)  The continent was forest rather than treeless steppe and tundra, as it had been during the Upper Paleolithic. 
C)  As a consequence of the increase in forest species, people increasingly practiced new hunting techniques: solitary stalking and trapping, similar to more recent practices of many Native American groups. 
D)  The process of preserving meat and fish by smoking and salting grew increasingly important. 
E)  The continent's coasts and lakes were fished intensively with new technologies such as the characteristic Mesolithic stone blades and cores used as fishhooks and in harpoons. 
A)  The range of hunting, gathering, and fishing populations extended to the formerly glaciated British Isles and Scandinavia. 
B)  The continent was forest rather than treeless steppe and tundra, as it had been during the Upper Paleolithic. 
C)  As a consequence of the increase in forest species, people increasingly practiced new hunting techniques: solitary stalking and trapping, similar to more recent practices of many Native American groups. 
D)  The process of preserving meat and fish by smoking and salting grew increasingly important. 
E)  The continent's coasts and lakes were fished intensively with new technologies such as the characteristic Mesolithic stone blades and cores used as fishhooks and in harpoons.

Question 7

The foundations of the state-a social and political unit featuring a central government, extreme contrasts of wealth, and social classes-emerged

Accepted Answer

A)  in the alluvial desert plain of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where a new economy based on irrigation and trade fueled the growth of this entirely new form of society. 
B)  out of an attempt to copy, on a larger scale, the lifestyle that early sedentism offered its members prior to the sudden population growth caused by food production. 
C)  in the hilly flanks, because that was the area that could best sustain a growing population. 
D)  at the intersection between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where the abundance of water helped keep a complex irrigation system working. 
E)  against the will of the people, who correctly foresaw the many ills that this new form of society would bring upon them. 
A)  in the alluvial desert plain of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where a new economy based on irrigation and trade fueled the growth of this entirely new form of society. 
B)  out of an attempt to copy, on a larger scale, the lifestyle that early sedentism offered its members prior to the sudden population growth caused by food production. 
C)  in the hilly flanks, because that was the area that could best sustain a growing population. 
D)  at the intersection between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where the abundance of water helped keep a complex irrigation system working. 
E)  against the will of the people, who correctly foresaw the many ills that this new form of society would bring upon them.

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT domesticated in the eastern United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  goosefoot 
B)  marsh elder 
C)  corn 
D)  squash 
E)  sunflower 
A)  goosefoot 
B)  marsh elder 
C)  corn 
D)  squash 
E)  sunflower

Question 9

The path from foraging to food production was one that people followed independently in at least seven world areas. New archaeological research techniques continue to overturn previously held assumptions about where and how this occurred. Microscopic evidence from early-cultivated plants suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  farming in the South American tropical lowlands preceded domestication in the Middle East by some 5,000 years. 
B)  New World farming began in the lowlands of South America and then spread to Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean islands. 
C)  maize was first domesticated in the Pacific islands and brought to the Americas by colonizers who navigated to the western coasts of South America. 
D)  all early domesticates originated among the Clovis people, whose knowledge then diffused southward. 
E)  the old assumption that New World farming originated in the upland areas is correct. 
A)  farming in the South American tropical lowlands preceded domestication in the Middle East by some 5,000 years. 
B)  New World farming began in the lowlands of South America and then spread to Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean islands. 
C)  maize was first domesticated in the Pacific islands and brought to the Americas by colonizers who navigated to the western coasts of South America. 
D)  all early domesticates originated among the Clovis people, whose knowledge then diffused southward. 
E)  the old assumption that New World farming originated in the upland areas is correct.

Question 10

Where were beans domesticated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexico 
B)  New England 
C)  Patagonia 
D)  Beringia 
E)  the U.S. Southwest 
A)  Mexico 
B)  New England 
C)  Patagonia 
D)  Beringia 
E)  the U.S. Southwest

Question 11

With domestication, the husk that encloses the edible portion of wild cereals became

Accepted Answer

A)  tougher. 
B)  thicker. 
C)  darker. 
D)  more brittle. 
E)  Wild cereals do not have husks. 
A)  tougher. 
B)  thicker. 
C)  darker. 
D)  more brittle. 
E)  Wild cereals do not have husks.

Question 12

There were at least three independent centers of domestication in the New World.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the Middle East, early cultivation began as an attempt to copy, in a less favorable environment, the dense stands of wheat and barley that grew wild in the hilly flanks. All of the following either motivated or facilitated this attempt EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  population growth. 
B)  climatic changes that reduced the available amount of wild wheat and barley. 
C)  the existence of a vertical economy. 
D)  human inventiveness and experimentation that occurred in the optimal zones, such as the hilly flanks. 
E)  living in marginal areas most affected by climatic changes. 
A)  population growth. 
B)  climatic changes that reduced the available amount of wild wheat and barley. 
C)  the existence of a vertical economy. 
D)  human inventiveness and experimentation that occurred in the optimal zones, such as the hilly flanks. 
E)  living in marginal areas most affected by climatic changes.

Question 14

Where did the earliest domestication of animals and plants in the Middle East occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  in desert oases 
B)  in the area where wild forms of wheat and barley grew 
C)  along the banks of the Nile 
D)  in the marginal zone next to the hilly flanks 
E)  in the Fertile Crescent, where the world's first civilization emerged 
A)  in desert oases 
B)  in the area where wild forms of wheat and barley grew 
C)  along the banks of the Nile 
D)  in the marginal zone next to the hilly flanks 
E)  in the Fertile Crescent, where the world's first civilization emerged

Question 15

When did sedentary life develop in the Middle East?

Accepted Answer

A)  before farming and herding 
B)  after farming, but before herding 
C)  after herding, but before farming 
D)  after farming and herding 
E)  at the same time that farming and herding developed 
A)  before farming and herding 
B)  after farming, but before herding 
C)  after herding, but before farming 
D)  after farming and herding 
E)  at the same time that farming and herding developed

Question 16

What has been the relationship between geography and climate and the spread of food production? Provide examples.

Accepted Answer

The relationship between geography and c

Question 17

In the New World, sedentism occurred before domestication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Anthropologists once thought, erroneously, that domestication would happen almost automatically once people gained sufficient knowledge of plants and animals. How has their view changed?

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists' understanding of the do

Question 19

With domestication, plants developed thicker husks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements about sheep is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Woolly sheep are the product of domestication. 
B)  Wool from sheep can be used to make clothing. 
C)  The wool of domesticated sheep offers protection against extreme heat. 
D)  Wild sheep are less hardy than domesticated sheep. 
E)  Wild sheep produce purer wool than domesticated sheep. 
A)  Woolly sheep are the product of domestication. 
B)  Wool from sheep can be used to make clothing. 
C)  The wool of domesticated sheep offers protection against extreme heat. 
D)  Wild sheep are less hardy than domesticated sheep. 
E)  Wild sheep produce purer wool than domesticated sheep.

Exam 11: The First Farmers

What is the name of the wild ancestor of maize?

The Natufians' ability to exploit their rich local environment with broad-spectrum foraging made it possible for them to

Which of the following conditions did NOT contribute to the development of food production in the Middle East?

The domesticated millet that appeared in China around 7500 B.P. was first domesticated in sub-Saharan Africa by about 8000 B.P., then diffused to China through long-distance trade networks.

Recent research using microscopic evidence suggests that farming in the tropical lowlands of Central and South America began at around the same time that food production arose in the Middle East.

Which of the following is NOT true regarding Europe by 10,000 B.P.?

The foundations of the state-a social and political unit featuring a central government, extreme contrasts of wealth, and social classes-emerged

Which of the following was NOT domesticated in the eastern United States?

Where were beans domesticated?

With domestication, the husk that encloses the edible portion of wild cereals became

There were at least three independent centers of domestication in the New World.

In the Middle East, early cultivation began as an attempt to copy, in a less favorable environment, the dense stands of wheat and barley that grew wild in the hilly flanks. All of the following either motivated or facilitated this attempt EXCEPT

Where did the earliest domestication of animals and plants in the Middle East occur?

When did sedentary life develop in the Middle East?

What has been the relationship between geography and climate and the spread of food production? Provide examples.

In the New World, sedentism occurred before domestication.

Anthropologists once thought, erroneously, that domestication would happen almost automatically once people gained sufficient knowledge of plants and animals. How has their view changed?

With domestication, plants developed thicker husks.

Which of the following statements about sheep is NOT true?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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