Question 1

What is the term for the belief that explanations for past events should be sought in ordinary forces that are at work today?

Accepted Answer

A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  speciation 
C)  creationism 
D)  recombination 
E)  catastrophism 
A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  speciation 
C)  creationism 
D)  recombination 
E)  catastrophism A

Question 2

Identify and discuss the genetic sources of variety on which natural selection may operate.

Accepted Answer

The genetic sources of variety on which natural selection may operate include mutations, genetic recombination, and gene flow.

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can create new genetic variation. These can occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals.

Genetic recombination occurs during sexual reproduction when genetic material from two parents is combined to create a new combination of genes in the offspring. This process can lead to new genetic combinations and increased genetic diversity within a population.

Gene flow refers to the movement of genes between populations through migration and interbreeding. This can introduce new genetic variation into a population and prevent genetic isolation.

These genetic sources of variety provide the raw material for natural selection to act upon. Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population based on their ability to help individuals survive and reproduce in their environment. By acting on the genetic variation present in a population, natural selection can lead to the evolution of new traits and the adaptation of populations to their environments.

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT seek to explain the origin of species by referring to an outside agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution 
B)  catastrophism 
C)  creationism 
D)  extraterrestrial seeding 
E)  intelligent design 
A)  evolution 
B)  catastrophism 
C)  creationism 
D)  extraterrestrial seeding 
E)  intelligent design A

Question 4

Natural selection is the process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population. But more than survival of the fittest, natural selection is the natural process that leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  the toughest members of their population having the longest life span. 
B)  differential reproductive success. 
C)  the most fit members collecting the most resources from the environment. 
D)  the survival of those members of their population that practice true altruism. 
E)  survival success in any environment. 
A)  the toughest members of their population having the longest life span. 
B)  differential reproductive success. 
C)  the most fit members collecting the most resources from the environment. 
D)  the survival of those members of their population that practice true altruism. 
E)  survival success in any environment.

Question 5

We have learned that reliance on culture has increased in the course of human history. Yet the fact and mechanisms of evolution remain a key part of our human present and future because

Accepted Answer

A)  the pace of evolution has been continuously increasing, since human cultural solutions have not been able to keep up with environmental changes such as global warming. 
B)  they determine, at the genetic level, our phenotype. 
C)  they provide the clues to building a better human race by promoting directed speciation. 
D)  people haven't stopped adapting biologically. 
E)  they continue to justify anthropology's biocultural perspective. 
A)  the pace of evolution has been continuously increasing, since human cultural solutions have not been able to keep up with environmental changes such as global warming. 
B)  they determine, at the genetic level, our phenotype. 
C)  they provide the clues to building a better human race by promoting directed speciation. 
D)  people haven't stopped adapting biologically. 
E)  they continue to justify anthropology's biocultural perspective.

Question 6

How is evolution defined by population geneticists? What are the major mechanisms of genetic evolution?

Accepted Answer

Evolution, as defined by population gene

Question 7

Globalization remains an important factor in the spread and mutation of disease in today's world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mitosis is the special process by which sex cells are produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Human biology

Accepted Answer

A)  is no longer affected by evolutionary processes. 
B)  remains the best explanation for genetic evolution. 
C)  is all in the genes. 
D)  is 75-percent genotype and 25-percent phenotype. 
E)  is not set at birth but has considerable plasticity. 
A)  is no longer affected by evolutionary processes. 
B)  remains the best explanation for genetic evolution. 
C)  is all in the genes. 
D)  is 75-percent genotype and 25-percent phenotype. 
E)  is not set at birth but has considerable plasticity.

Question 10

Genetic evolution involves changes in gene frequencies between generations within a given breeding population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Mutations are the most important source of variety on which natural selection depends and operates. There are two forms of mutations,

Accepted Answer

A)  both discovered by Mendel. 
B)  cancer-causing mutations and chromosomal rearrangement. 
C)  which occur only during the development of an individual. 
D)  called base substitution mutation and chromosomal rearrangement. 
E)  which always result in phenotypic change. 
A)  both discovered by Mendel. 
B)  cancer-causing mutations and chromosomal rearrangement. 
C)  which occur only during the development of an individual. 
D)  called base substitution mutation and chromosomal rearrangement. 
E)  which always result in phenotypic change.

Question 12

Natural selection is the only mechanism driving genetic evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The example of the sickle-cell allele demonstrates a key aspect of evolution through natural selection, in that

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to the individual organism, not the general population. 
B)  human populations in the tropics are the most susceptible to random changes caused by natural selection. 
C)  natural selection increases the variety in a population upon which subsequent natural selective processes can act. 
D)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to specific environments; traits are not universally adaptive or maladaptive. 
E)  although natural selection usually acts upon the phenotype, it can sometimes act upon the genotype. 
A)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to the individual organism, not the general population. 
B)  human populations in the tropics are the most susceptible to random changes caused by natural selection. 
C)  natural selection increases the variety in a population upon which subsequent natural selective processes can act. 
D)  adaptation and fitness are in relation to specific environments; traits are not universally adaptive or maladaptive. 
E)  although natural selection usually acts upon the phenotype, it can sometimes act upon the genotype.

Question 14

Why is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution hard to distinguish?

Accepted Answer

The distinction between microevolution a

Question 15

Which of the following statements about individuals with the HbS allele in the homozygous form is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lack the capacity to digest lactose. 
B)  They usually develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia. 
C)  They rarely develop any form of sickle-cell anemia before reaching reproductive age. 
D)  They are usually found in temperate regions of the world. 
E)  They always develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia late in life. 
A)  They lack the capacity to digest lactose. 
B)  They usually develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia. 
C)  They rarely develop any form of sickle-cell anemia before reaching reproductive age. 
D)  They are usually found in temperate regions of the world. 
E)  They always develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia late in life.

Question 16

Mendelian genetics studies the ways in which gene frequencies vary in communities from generation to generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Intelligent design explains some biological facts that evolution cannot explain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Microevolution refers to small-scale change in allele frequencies over generations without speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Uniformitarianism states that the natural forces at work today have more or less been the same as those at work in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What do gene flow and interbreeding act against?

Accepted Answer

A)  migration 
B)  speciation 
C)  natural selection 
D)  mutations 
E)  balanced polymorphisms 
A)  migration 
B)  speciation 
C)  natural selection 
D)  mutations 
E)  balanced polymorphisms

Exam 5: Evolution and Genetics

What is the term for the belief that explanations for past events should be sought in ordinary forces that are at work today?

Identify and discuss the genetic sources of variety on which natural selection may operate.

Which of the following does NOT seek to explain the origin of species by referring to an outside agent?

Natural selection is the process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population. But more than survival of the fittest, natural selection is the natural process that leads to

We have learned that reliance on culture has increased in the course of human history. Yet the fact and mechanisms of evolution remain a key part of our human present and future because

How is evolution defined by population geneticists? What are the major mechanisms of genetic evolution?

Globalization remains an important factor in the spread and mutation of disease in today's world.

Mitosis is the special process by which sex cells are produced.

Human biology

Genetic evolution involves changes in gene frequencies between generations within a given breeding population.

Mutations are the most important source of variety on which natural selection depends and operates. There are two forms of mutations,

Natural selection is the only mechanism driving genetic evolution.

The example of the sickle-cell allele demonstrates a key aspect of evolution through natural selection, in that

Why is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution hard to distinguish?

Which of the following statements about individuals with the HbS allele in the homozygous form is true?

Mendelian genetics studies the ways in which gene frequencies vary in communities from generation to generation.

Intelligent design explains some biological facts that evolution cannot explain.

Microevolution refers to small-scale change in allele frequencies over generations without speciation.

Uniformitarianism states that the natural forces at work today have more or less been the same as those at work in the past.

What do gene flow and interbreeding act against?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Which of the following statements about individuals with the Hb^S allele in the homozygous form is true?