Question 1

Domestic violence against women is prevalent in patrilineal-patrilocal systems in which women are cut off from their supportive kin ties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

If a patriarchy is a political system ruled by men, what would a matriarchy be-a political system ruled by women? Anthropologist Peggy Sanday, who investigated these questions among the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, found that

Accepted Answer

A)  true matriarchies do not exist. 
B)  women in matriarchies see their male counterparts as being inferior. 
C)  women of newer generations are experimenting with new ideas of gender roles. 
D)  although matriarchies do exist, they are not mirror images of patriarchies because, at least for the Minangkabau, both men and women are seen as cooperative partners for the common good. 
E)  although Minangkabau women play a central role in their culture's social, economic, and ceremonial life, they are still regarded as having lower status than men. 
A)  true matriarchies do not exist. 
B)  women in matriarchies see their male counterparts as being inferior. 
C)  women of newer generations are experimenting with new ideas of gender roles. 
D)  although matriarchies do exist, they are not mirror images of patriarchies because, at least for the Minangkabau, both men and women are seen as cooperative partners for the common good. 
E)  although Minangkabau women play a central role in their culture's social, economic, and ceremonial life, they are still regarded as having lower status than men. D

Question 3

Adding together men's and women's subsistence activities and their domestic work, men tend to work more hours than women do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Even though women represent more than half the U.S. workforce, single-parent families headed by women represent more than half the households below the poverty line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Are certain sexual preferences more natural than others? What factors compel some societies to deviate from the heterosexual norm found in most human societies?

Accepted Answer

Sexual preferences are a complex and dee

Question 6

Cross-culturally, women's roles tend to be focused on activities associated with the home, but men are more active in the public domain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Based on research in the 1960s, which of the following statements about Etoro conceptions of heterosexual intercourse is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was thought to sap a man's vitality. 
B)  Women who wanted too much heterosexual intercourse were viewed as witches. 
C)  Such sex was permitted only a hundred days a year. 
D)  It was permitted to take place only in the couple's residence. 
E)  It was seen as a necessary sacrifice that would eventually lead to a man's death. 
A)  It was thought to sap a man's vitality. 
B)  Women who wanted too much heterosexual intercourse were viewed as witches. 
C)  Such sex was permitted only a hundred days a year. 
D)  It was permitted to take place only in the couple's residence. 
E)  It was seen as a necessary sacrifice that would eventually lead to a man's death.

Question 8

In agricultural societies, women generally dominate the practice of subsistence labor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

How are sexuality, sex, and gender related to each other? What are the differences among these three analytical concepts?

Accepted Answer

Sexuality, sex, and gender are all relat

Question 10

What position do most anthropologists take on the matter of whether male dominance is a cultural universal? What is your own view on the matter? What evidence can you put forth to support your view?

Accepted Answer

Most anthropologists take the position t

Question 11

In which type of society would you expect women's status to be highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  pastoralists 
B)  agriculturalists 
C)  societies where there is much population pressure 
D)  hunters and gatherers 
E)  industrial states with high unemployment 
A)  pastoralists 
B)  agriculturalists 
C)  societies where there is much population pressure 
D)  hunters and gatherers 
E)  industrial states with high unemployment

Question 12

Transgender is a social category that

Accepted Answer

A)  includes people whose gender identity has no apparent biological roots. 
B)  always contrasts biologically with ordinary males and females. 
C)  consists of only intersex people. 
D)  is entirely biologically constructed. 
E)  has no validity within the social sciences. 
A)  includes people whose gender identity has no apparent biological roots. 
B)  always contrasts biologically with ordinary males and females. 
C)  consists of only intersex people. 
D)  is entirely biologically constructed. 
E)  has no validity within the social sciences.

Question 13

Of the following factors, which is historically correlated with the lowering of women's status in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  European immigration around 1900 
B)  World War II 
C)  voting rights for women 
D)  inflation 
E)  the women's rights movement 
A)  European immigration around 1900 
B)  World War II 
C)  voting rights for women 
D)  inflation 
E)  the women's rights movement

Question 14

Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

A)  the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities-relative strength, endurance, intelligence, and so on. 
B)  women are subservient in nearly all societies, because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men. 
C)  foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes toward sex but different attitudes toward gender. 
D)  changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy. 
E)  the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy. 
A)  the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities-relative strength, endurance, intelligence, and so on. 
B)  women are subservient in nearly all societies, because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men. 
C)  foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes toward sex but different attitudes toward gender. 
D)  changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy. 
E)  the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.

Question 15

Contrast gender roles in two of the following: A) foraging societies; B) matrilineal-matrilocal societies; C) patrilineal-patrilocal societies; D) pastoralists; and E) agriculturalists.

Accepted Answer

Foraging societies typically have more f

Question 16

Which of the following statements about groups with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are often characterized by the view that the women are polluting. 
B)  Their land and prestige are passed through the females. 
C)  They have strongly developed private-public dichotomies. 
D)  They have their prestige goods under male control. 
E)  They often practice polygyny and have patterns of intervillage raiding. 
A)  They are often characterized by the view that the women are polluting. 
B)  Their land and prestige are passed through the females. 
C)  They have strongly developed private-public dichotomies. 
D)  They have their prestige goods under male control. 
E)  They often practice polygyny and have patterns of intervillage raiding.

Question 17

In the United States, attitudes regarding the role of women in the workplace have varied according to economic needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What factors might explain the correlation between women's work outside the home and a national index of happiness? What is it about women working outside of the home that might make a country's population happier? Brainstorm possible causes for this correlation.

Accepted Answer

There are several factors that could exp

Question 19

The traditional gender roles of the Betsileo of Madagascar illustrate the idea that intensive cultivation does not necessarily entail sharper gender stratification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

When compared to other kinds of societies, all the following are true about foragers EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  the public and private spheres are least separate. 
B)  hierarchy is least marked. 
C)  aggression and competition are most discouraged. 
D)  sexual promiscuity is most common and routinely punished. 
E)  the rights, activities, and spheres of influence of men and women overlap the most. 
A)  the public and private spheres are least separate. 
B)  hierarchy is least marked. 
C)  aggression and competition are most discouraged. 
D)  sexual promiscuity is most common and routinely punished. 
E)  the rights, activities, and spheres of influence of men and women overlap the most.

Exam 18: Gender

Domestic violence against women is prevalent in patrilineal-patrilocal systems in which women are cut off from their supportive kin ties.

If a patriarchy is a political system ruled by men, what would a matriarchy be-a political system ruled by women? Anthropologist Peggy Sanday, who investigated these questions among the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, found that

Adding together men's and women's subsistence activities and their domestic work, men tend to work more hours than women do.

Even though women represent more than half the U.S. workforce, single-parent families headed by women represent more than half the households below the poverty line.

Are certain sexual preferences more natural than others? What factors compel some societies to deviate from the heterosexual norm found in most human societies?

Cross-culturally, women's roles tend to be focused on activities associated with the home, but men are more active in the public domain.

Based on research in the 1960s, which of the following statements about Etoro conceptions of heterosexual intercourse is NOT true?

In agricultural societies, women generally dominate the practice of subsistence labor.

How are sexuality, sex, and gender related to each other? What are the differences among these three analytical concepts?

What position do most anthropologists take on the matter of whether male dominance is a cultural universal? What is your own view on the matter? What evidence can you put forth to support your view?

In which type of society would you expect women's status to be highest?

Transgender is a social category that

Of the following factors, which is historically correlated with the lowering of women's status in the United States?

Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that

Contrast gender roles in two of the following: A) foraging societies; B) matrilineal-matrilocal societies; C) patrilineal-patrilocal societies; D) pastoralists; and E) agriculturalists.

Which of the following statements about groups with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex is NOT true?

In the United States, attitudes regarding the role of women in the workplace have varied according to economic needs.

What factors might explain the correlation between women's work outside the home and a national index of happiness? What is it about women working outside of the home that might make a country's population happier? Brainstorm possible causes for this correlation.

The traditional gender roles of the Betsileo of Madagascar illustrate the idea that intensive cultivation does not necessarily entail sharper gender stratification.

When compared to other kinds of societies, all the following are true about foragers EXCEPT that

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