Question 1

More than half of all U.S. families living in poverty are

Accepted Answer

A)  patrifocal. 
B)  blended. 
C)  headed by men. 
D)  headed by women. 
E)  dichotomized. 
A)  patrifocal. 
B)  blended. 
C)  headed by men. 
D)  headed by women. 
E)  dichotomized.

Question 2

The reason there are more modern-day Rosie the Riveters is that modern industry is even more physically demanding than it was during World War II.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Among patrilineal-patrilocal cultivators,

Accepted Answer

A)  women remain the primary producers of subsistence crops. 
B)  women govern the extradomestic distribution of prestige items. 
C)  women fear contacts, including sexual intercourse, with men. 
D)  polygyny decreases household productivity, because a man must provide for more than one wife. 
E)  the population pressure on strategic resources is relaxed. 
A)  women remain the primary producers of subsistence crops. 
B)  women govern the extradomestic distribution of prestige items. 
C)  women fear contacts, including sexual intercourse, with men. 
D)  polygyny decreases household productivity, because a man must provide for more than one wife. 
E)  the population pressure on strategic resources is relaxed.

Question 4

Recently, India's four largest cities introduced commuter trains exclusively for female passengers. The aim of this new service was to

Accepted Answer

A)  support women's effort to keep men out of their own domestic space. 
B)  offer women an alternative method of transportation to and from work with less risk of harassment or violence. 
C)  offer women work in the transportation industry. 
D)  help women maintain their traditional gender roles in society. 
E)  increase the gap between public and domestic spaces that women inhabit on a day-to-day basis. 
A)  support women's effort to keep men out of their own domestic space. 
B)  offer women an alternative method of transportation to and from work with less risk of harassment or violence. 
C)  offer women work in the transportation industry. 
D)  help women maintain their traditional gender roles in society. 
E)  increase the gap between public and domestic spaces that women inhabit on a day-to-day basis.

Question 5

With the term sex, anthropologists are referring to biological differences. In contrast, they define gender as

Accepted Answer

A)  the cultural construction of whether one is female, male, or something else. 
B)  a political system ruled by men that defines the identity of women. 
C)  the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex. 
D)  the marked differences in male and female biology, which vary across cultures. 
E)  one's biological identity. 
A)  the cultural construction of whether one is female, male, or something else. 
B)  a political system ruled by men that defines the identity of women. 
C)  the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex. 
D)  the marked differences in male and female biology, which vary across cultures. 
E)  one's biological identity.

Question 6

According to anthropologist Ann Stoler, the economic determinants of gender status include

Accepted Answer

A)  the level of interest rates and the price of oil. 
B)  controlling one's own and others' trend toward overconsumption. 
C)  free will and overcoming ideas that associate sin with the desires of the flesh. 
D)  free will and overcoming ideas that split the mind and body. 
E)  freedom or autonomy in terms of disposing of one's labor and its fruits, and social power: control over the lives, labor, and produce of others. 
A)  the level of interest rates and the price of oil. 
B)  controlling one's own and others' trend toward overconsumption. 
C)  free will and overcoming ideas that associate sin with the desires of the flesh. 
D)  free will and overcoming ideas that split the mind and body. 
E)  freedom or autonomy in terms of disposing of one's labor and its fruits, and social power: control over the lives, labor, and produce of others.

Question 7

Regarding sexual orientation, all of the following are true EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  different types of sexual desires and experiences hold different meanings for individuals and groups. 
B)  there is conclusive scientific evidence that sexual orientation is genetically determined. 
C)  in a society, individuals will differ in the nature, range, and intensity of sexual interests and urges. 
D)  culture always plays a role in molding individual sexual urges toward a collective norm, and these norms vary from culture to culture. 
E)  flexibility in sexual expression seems to be an aspect of our primate heritage, since both masturbation and same-sex sexual activity exist among chimpanzees and other primates. 
A)  different types of sexual desires and experiences hold different meanings for individuals and groups. 
B)  there is conclusive scientific evidence that sexual orientation is genetically determined. 
C)  in a society, individuals will differ in the nature, range, and intensity of sexual interests and urges. 
D)  culture always plays a role in molding individual sexual urges toward a collective norm, and these norms vary from culture to culture. 
E)  flexibility in sexual expression seems to be an aspect of our primate heritage, since both masturbation and same-sex sexual activity exist among chimpanzees and other primates.

Question 8

The specific roles assigned to each gender vary from culture to culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Among horticulturalists with matrilineal descent and matrilocality,

Accepted Answer

A)  women tend to have high status, but only within the domestic sphere. 
B)  gender and sex become indistinguishable. 
C)  female status tends to be high. 
D)  women rarely inherit any property and are therefore at a disadvantage in comparison to their brothers. 
E)  women leaders are only symbolic, because men tend to have true decision-making power. 
A)  women tend to have high status, but only within the domestic sphere. 
B)  gender and sex become indistinguishable. 
C)  female status tends to be high. 
D)  women rarely inherit any property and are therefore at a disadvantage in comparison to their brothers. 
E)  women leaders are only symbolic, because men tend to have true decision-making power.

Question 10

The domestic-public dichotomy refers to the separation of

Accepted Answer

A)  spheres of exchange. 
B)  secular and sacred domains. 
C)  the elite and commoners. 
D)  home and the outside world. 
E)  cooking and sleeping spaces in residential units. 
A)  spheres of exchange. 
B)  secular and sacred domains. 
C)  the elite and commoners. 
D)  home and the outside world. 
E)  cooking and sleeping spaces in residential units.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The feminization of poverty is unique to the United States. 
B)  Households headed by women tend to be poorer than those headed by men. 
C)  Married couples are much more secure economically than single mothers. 
D)  Women now head more than half the households in the United States. 
E)  The feminization of poverty has serious consequences with regard to living standards and health. 
A)  The feminization of poverty is unique to the United States. 
B)  Households headed by women tend to be poorer than those headed by men. 
C)  Married couples are much more secure economically than single mothers. 
D)  Women now head more than half the households in the United States. 
E)  The feminization of poverty has serious consequences with regard to living standards and health.

Question 12

What is the private-public dichotomy? In what kinds of societies does it occur, and in what kinds of societies is it absent? What factors contribute to its presence or absence, and what are its effects on gender roles?

Accepted Answer

The private-public dichotomy refers to t

Question 13

Gender stratification tends to be extremely pronounced in patrilineal-patrilocal societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to studies in the 1960s, why did young Etoro men and boys engage in homosexual relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  They did not understand biological reproduction, which is why they no longer exist. 
B)  The status of Etoro women was the highest in the world, in a status above and beyond males. 
C)  Genetic drift created a population dominated by a homosexual gene. 
D)  They believed it necessary for boys to ingest semen in order to mature in a healthy way. 
E)  A warrior cult of older adult men vigorously enforced a monopoly on access to women. 
A)  They did not understand biological reproduction, which is why they no longer exist. 
B)  The status of Etoro women was the highest in the world, in a status above and beyond males. 
C)  Genetic drift created a population dominated by a homosexual gene. 
D)  They believed it necessary for boys to ingest semen in order to mature in a healthy way. 
E)  A warrior cult of older adult men vigorously enforced a monopoly on access to women.

Question 15

Intersex, a group of conditions involving discrepancy between external genitals and internal genitals, can have a variety of chromosomal causes that create a sex-gender difference. Which of the following chromosomal anomalies identifies a person with the chromosomes of a woman and female internal anatomy, but with male external genitals?

Accepted Answer

A)  XY Intersex person 
B)  True Gonadal Intersex person 
C)  Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY configuration) 
D)  XX Intersex person 
E)  Turner syndrome 
A)  XY Intersex person 
B)  True Gonadal Intersex person 
C)  Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY configuration) 
D)  XX Intersex person 
E)  Turner syndrome

Question 16

Ethnographic evidence has revealed that traditionally, Pawnee women worked wood, and among the Hidatsa, women made boats. Cases such as these suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  the division of labor by gender is a natural characteristic of human societies. 
B)  biology has nothing to do with gender roles. 
C)  anthropologists are overly optimistic about finding a society with perfect gender equality. 
D)  patterns of division of labor by gender are culturally general-not universal. 
E)  exceptions to cross-cultural generalization are actually the rule. 
A)  the division of labor by gender is a natural characteristic of human societies. 
B)  biology has nothing to do with gender roles. 
C)  anthropologists are overly optimistic about finding a society with perfect gender equality. 
D)  patterns of division of labor by gender are culturally general-not universal. 
E)  exceptions to cross-cultural generalization are actually the rule.

Question 17

The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  gender stereotypes. 
B)  the prestige coefficient. 
C)  sexual ascribed status. 
D)  gender roles. 
E)  sex roles. 
A)  gender stereotypes. 
B)  the prestige coefficient. 
C)  sexual ascribed status. 
D)  gender roles. 
E)  sex roles.

Question 18

Research among horticultural societies has found that

Accepted Answer

A)  women are increasingly important to the livelihood of the community the older they get; their prestige increases with experience. 
B)  men tend to be the main caretakers, whereas women are involved in regional politics and economics. 
C)  in the case of matrilineal societies, women tended to do all the cultivating; men were typically involved with warfare. 
D)  the general patterns between gender roles and residence rule do not apply. 
E)  women are the main producers. 
A)  women are increasingly important to the livelihood of the community the older they get; their prestige increases with experience. 
B)  men tend to be the main caretakers, whereas women are involved in regional politics and economics. 
C)  in the case of matrilineal societies, women tended to do all the cultivating; men were typically involved with warfare. 
D)  the general patterns between gender roles and residence rule do not apply. 
E)  women are the main producers.

Question 19

With the baby boom and the increase in industrialization, women have contributed more and more to the workplace while receiving pay equal to that of their male coworkers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

All of the following are associated with plow agriculture EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  a decline in both polygyny and unilineal descent. 
B)  differential rights in divorce and sexuality for men and women. 
C)  an overall increase in the status of women as new production techniques called for female as well as male labor. 
D)  a sharp contrast between the domestic and extradomestic realms. 
E)  the isolation of women in nuclear family households. 
A)  a decline in both polygyny and unilineal descent. 
B)  differential rights in divorce and sexuality for men and women. 
C)  an overall increase in the status of women as new production techniques called for female as well as male labor. 
D)  a sharp contrast between the domestic and extradomestic realms. 
E)  the isolation of women in nuclear family households.

Exam 18: Gender

More than half of all U.S. families living in poverty are

The reason there are more modern-day Rosie the Riveters is that modern industry is even more physically demanding than it was during World War II.

Among patrilineal-patrilocal cultivators,

Recently, India's four largest cities introduced commuter trains exclusively for female passengers. The aim of this new service was to

With the term sex, anthropologists are referring to biological differences. In contrast, they define gender as

According to anthropologist Ann Stoler, the economic determinants of gender status include

Regarding sexual orientation, all of the following are true EXCEPT that

The specific roles assigned to each gender vary from culture to culture.

Among horticulturalists with matrilineal descent and matrilocality,

The domestic-public dichotomy refers to the separation of

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

What is the private-public dichotomy? In what kinds of societies does it occur, and in what kinds of societies is it absent? What factors contribute to its presence or absence, and what are its effects on gender roles?

Gender stratification tends to be extremely pronounced in patrilineal-patrilocal societies.

According to studies in the 1960s, why did young Etoro men and boys engage in homosexual relationships?

Ethnographic evidence has revealed that traditionally, Pawnee women worked wood, and among the Hidatsa, women made boats. Cases such as these suggest that

The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex are known as

Research among horticultural societies has found that

With the baby boom and the increase in industrialization, women have contributed more and more to the workplace while receiving pay equal to that of their male coworkers.

All of the following are associated with plow agriculture EXCEPT

What Is Anthropology

Culture

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Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

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The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

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