Question 1

An egalitarian society

Accepted Answer

A)  is a key attribute of states. 
B)  must exist for a democratic state to emerge. 
C)  lacks status distinctions except those based on age, gender, and individual qualities, talents, and achievements. 
D)  rarely experiences warfare and is therefore immune to the forces that inevitably lead to state formation. 
E)  lacks status distinctions among its members. 
A)  is a key attribute of states. 
B)  must exist for a democratic state to emerge. 
C)  lacks status distinctions except those based on age, gender, and individual qualities, talents, and achievements. 
D)  rarely experiences warfare and is therefore immune to the forces that inevitably lead to state formation. 
E)  lacks status distinctions among its members.

Question 2

Egypt was the only region in Africa where states emerged prior to the 1500s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Coastal Peru illustrates the explanatory power of Carneiro's theory of state formation caused by the interaction of environmental circumscription, warfare, and population increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A key feature of Carneiro's model for the origin of states is metallurgy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Warfare and attracting followers are two key elements in state formation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A ________ is a form of social and political organization that has a formal, central government and a division of society into classes.

Accepted Answer

A)  chiefdom 
B)  state 
C)  village-state 
D)  hydraulic system 
E)  region 
A)  chiefdom 
B)  state 
C)  village-state 
D)  hydraulic system 
E)  region

Question 7

Teotihuacán and Çatal Hüyük are two of the earliest towns in the Middle East.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

China's first state, the Shang dynasty, had bronze metallurgy and writing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Consider how your life is different from that of our Paleolithic ancestors or those of the most recent foragers. How many of those differences have to do with the fact that you live in a state-organized society?

Accepted Answer

There are numerous differences between m

Question 10

States mark their environments by building long-lasting monumental architecture. Which of the following monuments is NOT one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?

Accepted Answer

A)  Great Pyramid of Giza 
B)  Hanging Gardens of Babylon 
C)  Temple of Artemis 
D)  Serpent Mound of Ohio 
E)  Lighthouse of Alexandria 
A)  Great Pyramid of Giza 
B)  Hanging Gardens of Babylon 
C)  Temple of Artemis 
D)  Serpent Mound of Ohio 
E)  Lighthouse of Alexandria

Question 11

The term ________ was used by V. Gordon Childe (1950) to describe the major transformation of human life and social institutions, including food production and state formation, that occurred during prehistory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neolithic Revolution 
B)  French Revolution 
C)  Industrial Revolution 
D)  Information Revolution 
E)  Urban Revolution 
A)  Neolithic Revolution 
B)  French Revolution 
C)  Industrial Revolution 
D)  Information Revolution 
E)  Urban Revolution

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the first Chinese state?

Accepted Answer

A)  bronze metallurgy 
B)  human sacrifice 
C)  a subsistence economy dominated by rice 
D)  wealthy, royal tombs 
E)  social stratification 
A)  bronze metallurgy 
B)  human sacrifice 
C)  a subsistence economy dominated by rice 
D)  wealthy, royal tombs 
E)  social stratification

Question 13

All of the following archaeological evidence points to Monte Albán's increasing role at the center of state formation and expansion EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the specialized buildings that surrounded the city's main plaza and housed the state's bureaucracy. 
B)  evidence of peaceful trade with its chief local rival, San Martín Tilcajete. 
C)  hieroglyphs on a main plaza building that record the successes of conquests that brought underlying areas under Monte Albán's control. 
D)  evidence of Zapotec conquest of communities more than a half-day's trip away from Monte Albán. 
E)  the presence of a royal palace among the specialized buildings in Monte Albán. 
A)  the specialized buildings that surrounded the city's main plaza and housed the state's bureaucracy. 
B)  evidence of peaceful trade with its chief local rival, San Martín Tilcajete. 
C)  hieroglyphs on a main plaza building that record the successes of conquests that brought underlying areas under Monte Albán's control. 
D)  evidence of Zapotec conquest of communities more than a half-day's trip away from Monte Albán. 
E)  the presence of a royal palace among the specialized buildings in Monte Albán.

Question 14

What is the name of the cultural period during which the first chiefdoms emerged in southern Mesopotamia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natufian 
B)  Neolithic 
C)  Halafian 
D)  Ubaid 
E)  Uruk 
A)  Natufian 
B)  Neolithic 
C)  Halafian 
D)  Ubaid 
E)  Uruk

Question 15

Social ranking and stratification are both forms of hereditary inequality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following statements about Çatal Hüyük is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Food was stored and processed collectively, with a priestly elite managing these activities. 
B)  The dwellings at the site were entered through the roof. 
C)  The ritual life there was centered on animals, danger, and death. 
D)  The dead were buried beneath the house floors. 
E)  It never became a full-fledged city with centralized organization. 
A)  Food was stored and processed collectively, with a priestly elite managing these activities. 
B)  The dwellings at the site were entered through the roof. 
C)  The ritual life there was centered on animals, danger, and death. 
D)  The dead were buried beneath the house floors. 
E)  It never became a full-fledged city with centralized organization.

Question 17

Which of the following events played an important role in the abandonment of the fields in Mesopotamia?

Accepted Answer

A)  external conquest 
B)  a landslide caused by heavy mountain rains 
C)  erosion 
D)  destruction of the fields by mineral salts 
E)  an earthquake 
A)  external conquest 
B)  a landslide caused by heavy mountain rains 
C)  erosion 
D)  destruction of the fields by mineral salts 
E)  an earthquake

Question 18

Early states arose from competition among rival tribes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following statements about Jericho is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the earliest known town. 
B)  Its rise proves Carneiro's theory of state formation. 
C)  The Natufians first settled it. 
D)  After 9000 B.P., the inhabitants buried their dead below their house floors. 
E)  It has a large tower and a city wall. 
A)  It is the earliest known town. 
B)  Its rise proves Carneiro's theory of state formation. 
C)  The Natufians first settled it. 
D)  After 9000 B.P., the inhabitants buried their dead below their house floors. 
E)  It has a large tower and a city wall.

Question 20

Most researchers today believe that chiefdoms emerged in response to the growing administrative requirements for building, maintaining, and administering public hydraulic works.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: The First Cities and States

An egalitarian society

Egypt was the only region in Africa where states emerged prior to the 1500s.

Coastal Peru illustrates the explanatory power of Carneiro's theory of state formation caused by the interaction of environmental circumscription, warfare, and population increase.

A key feature of Carneiro's model for the origin of states is metallurgy.

Warfare and attracting followers are two key elements in state formation.

A ________ is a form of social and political organization that has a formal, central government and a division of society into classes.

Teotihuacán and Çatal Hüyük are two of the earliest towns in the Middle East.

China's first state, the Shang dynasty, had bronze metallurgy and writing.

Consider how your life is different from that of our Paleolithic ancestors or those of the most recent foragers. How many of those differences have to do with the fact that you live in a state-organized society?

States mark their environments by building long-lasting monumental architecture. Which of the following monuments is NOT one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?

The term ________ was used by V. Gordon Childe (1950) to describe the major transformation of human life and social institutions, including food production and state formation, that occurred during prehistory.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the first Chinese state?

All of the following archaeological evidence points to Monte Albán's increasing role at the center of state formation and expansion EXCEPT

What is the name of the cultural period during which the first chiefdoms emerged in southern Mesopotamia?

Social ranking and stratification are both forms of hereditary inequality.

Which of the following statements about Çatal Hüyük is NOT true?

Which of the following events played an important role in the abandonment of the fields in Mesopotamia?

Early states arose from competition among rival tribes.

Which of the following statements about Jericho is NOT true?

Most researchers today believe that chiefdoms emerged in response to the growing administrative requirements for building, maintaining, and administering public hydraulic works.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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