Question 1

How does menopause affect bone density?

Accepted Answer

Menopause can significantly affect bone

Question 2

_________ are cells that build bone,while _________are cells that break down bone.

Accepted Answer

A) Osteocytes; corticulocytes 
B) Corticulocytes; osteocytes 
C) Osteoblasts; osteoclasts 
D) Osteoclasts; osteoblasts 
A) Osteocytes; corticulocytes 
B) Corticulocytes; osteocytes 
C) Osteoblasts; osteoclasts 
D) Osteoclasts; osteoblasts

Question 3

Helen is 53 years old,her daughter Sharon is 27 years old and her granddaughter,Mikayla,is 5.
A)What is the probable status of bone density in each of these three females?
B)What lifestyle risk factors are associated with osteoporosis?
C)What can each of the three females do to decrease the risk of osteoporosis in their lifetimes?

Accepted Answer

A) Probable Status of Bone Density in Ea

Question 4

Which group contains the highest proportion of individuals who do not meet their calcium requirement?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys 9-17 years 
B) Girls 9-17 years 
C) Adult men 
D) Adult women 
A) Boys 9-17 years 
B) Girls 9-17 years 
C) Adult men 
D) Adult women

Question 5

Which of the following has NOT been associated with loss of bone mass in women?

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol consumption 
B) Excessive walking 
C) High sodium intake 
D) Smoking 
A) Alcohol consumption 
B) Excessive walking 
C) High sodium intake 
D) Smoking

Question 6

Phosphorus is essential for energy production since it is part of:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) NADH. 
C) FADH₂. 
D) DNA. 
A) ATP. 
B) NADH. 
C) FADH₂. 
D) DNA.

Question 7

How do the phosphorus content of oranges,yogurt,and chicken compare? Which is the BEST source of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

The phosphorus content in foods can vary

Question 8

After 35 to 45 years of age:

Accepted Answer

A) bone formation exceeds bone breakdown. 
B) bone formation is equal to bone breakdown. 
C) bone breakdown exceeds bone formation. 
D) the skeleton is typically weak and fractures easily. 
A) bone formation exceeds bone breakdown. 
B) bone formation is equal to bone breakdown. 
C) bone breakdown exceeds bone formation. 
D) the skeleton is typically weak and fractures easily.

Question 9

Which group could benefit from calcium supplements if needs are not met by diet?

Accepted Answer

A) Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass. 
B) Post-menopausal women. 
C) Individuals with decreased bone density. 
D) All these groups could benefit. 
A) Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass. 
B) Post-menopausal women. 
C) Individuals with decreased bone density. 
D) All these groups could benefit.

Question 10

Which statement about osteoporosis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It relates to a decrease in bone density. 
B) It has no early symptoms. 
C) Osteoporosis may result in a loss of height. 
D) It is primarily an American disease. 
A) It relates to a decrease in bone density. 
B) It has no early symptoms. 
C) Osteoporosis may result in a loss of height. 
D) It is primarily an American disease.

Question 11

Most of the magnesium in the body is in:

Accepted Answer

A) bones. 
B) extracellular fluid. 
C) intracellular fluid. 
D) the blood. 
A) bones. 
B) extracellular fluid. 
C) intracellular fluid. 
D) the blood.

Question 12

What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone? What are the specific actions of this hormone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion is p

Question 13

Which statement about phosphorus is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxicity is common in the U.S.because of increased use of phosphorus-containing food additives. 
B) Toxicity causes uncontrolled muscle contractions. 
C) Toxicity may cause bone resorption. 
D) High intake increases the energy available to cells,eventually leading to exhaustion. 
A) Toxicity is common in the U.S.because of increased use of phosphorus-containing food additives. 
B) Toxicity causes uncontrolled muscle contractions. 
C) Toxicity may cause bone resorption. 
D) High intake increases the energy available to cells,eventually leading to exhaustion.

Question 14

What functions does phosphorus have in the body?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus is an essential mineral that

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT likely to result from prolonged low calcium intake?

Accepted Answer

A) A lower peak bone mass in young adult females 
B) Problems with cell signaling and regulation 
C) Fractures in the elderly 
D) Development of osteomalacia 
A) A lower peak bone mass in young adult females 
B) Problems with cell signaling and regulation 
C) Fractures in the elderly 
D) Development of osteomalacia

Question 16

The RDA for phosphorus is ______ mg/d for adults.

Accepted Answer

A) 500 
B) 700 
C) 1000 
D) 1200 
A) 500 
B) 700 
C) 1000 
D) 1200

Question 17

Which cells are responsible for bone formation?

Accepted Answer

The cells responsible for bone formation

Question 18

When phosphorus intake is high,the most likely consequence is that:

Accepted Answer

A) blood levels rise drastically. 
B) less is absorbed across the intestine. 
C) more is lost in the urine. 
D) it is stored in additional creatine phosphate. 
A) blood levels rise drastically. 
B) less is absorbed across the intestine. 
C) more is lost in the urine. 
D) it is stored in additional creatine phosphate.

Question 19

Which of the following is a good source of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A) Dairy 
B) Whole grains 
C) Nuts 
D) All of these 
A) Dairy 
B) Whole grains 
C) Nuts 
D) All of these

Question 20

The recommended intake of calcium for adults is __________ mgs/day.

Accepted Answer

A) 500-700 
B) 800-1000 
C) 1000-1200 
D) 1300-1500 
A) 500-700 
B) 800-1000 
C) 1000-1200 
D) 1300-1500

Exam 11: Major Minerals and Bone Health

How does menopause affect bone density?

_________ are cells that build bone,while _________are cells that break down bone.

Which group contains the highest proportion of individuals who do not meet their calcium requirement?

Which of the following has NOT been associated with loss of bone mass in women?

Phosphorus is essential for energy production since it is part of:

How do the phosphorus content of oranges,yogurt,and chicken compare? Which is the BEST source of phosphorus?

After 35 to 45 years of age:

Which group could benefit from calcium supplements if needs are not met by diet?

Which statement about osteoporosis is FALSE?

Most of the magnesium in the body is in:

What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone? What are the specific actions of this hormone?

Which statement about phosphorus is correct?

What functions does phosphorus have in the body?

Which of the following is NOT likely to result from prolonged low calcium intake?

The RDA for phosphorus is ______ mg/d for adults.

Which cells are responsible for bone formation?

When phosphorus intake is high,the most likely consequence is that:

Which of the following is a good source of phosphorus?

The recommended intake of calcium for adults is __________ mgs/day.

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus on Alcohol

Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitaminnonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

Filters

_ are cells that build bone,while _are cells that break down bone.