Question 1

Which term describes how well a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Adsorption 
B) Assimilation 
C) Bioavailability 
D) Functionality 
A) Adsorption 
B) Assimilation 
C) Bioavailability 
D) Functionality C

Question 2

Which statement about niacin is true?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no UL established for niacin intake. 
B) Niacin is important in the production of energy from dietary nutrients. 
C) Niacin deficiency causes adverse effects in limited areas of the body. 
D) Niacin is needed to synthesize tryptophan. 
A) There is no UL established for niacin intake. 
B) Niacin is important in the production of energy from dietary nutrients. 
C) Niacin deficiency causes adverse effects in limited areas of the body. 
D) Niacin is needed to synthesize tryptophan. B

Question 3

Folate deficiency may cause all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) development of cancer. 
B) microcytic anemia. 
C) poor growth. 
D) inflammation of the tongue. 
A) development of cancer. 
B) microcytic anemia. 
C) poor growth. 
D) inflammation of the tongue. B

Question 4

Niacin supplements:

Accepted Answer

A) are commonly used in the US since niacin deficiency is a public health concern. 
B) provide an essential energy boost. 
C) may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol. 
D) are associated with an increase in heart attacks. 
A) are commonly used in the US since niacin deficiency is a public health concern. 
B) provide an essential energy boost. 
C) may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol. 
D) are associated with an increase in heart attacks.

Question 5

Which statement about choline is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) It has no identified,important roles in normal homeostasis. 
B) It is classified as a vitamin since it cannot be synthesized in the body. 
C) Deficiency causes kidney problems. 
D) There is an established UL for choline intake due to toxicity symptoms. 
A) It has no identified,important roles in normal homeostasis. 
B) It is classified as a vitamin since it cannot be synthesized in the body. 
C) Deficiency causes kidney problems. 
D) There is an established UL for choline intake due to toxicity symptoms.

Question 6

The ____________ is the site of most vitamin absorption into the body.

Accepted Answer

A) large intestine 
B) stomach 
C) small intestine 
D) mouth 
A) large intestine 
B) stomach 
C) small intestine 
D) mouth

Question 7

Which is a good dietary source of thiamin?

Accepted Answer

A) Sunflower seeds 
B) Pork 
C) Whole grains 
D) All of the above 
A) Sunflower seeds 
B) Pork 
C) Whole grains 
D) All of the above

Question 8

Pellagra occurs when _________ is the staple grain in the diet and the diet does not provide a mixture of different foods.

Accepted Answer

A) corn 
B) wheat 
C) rice 
D) barley 
A) corn 
B) wheat 
C) rice 
D) barley

Question 9

The process of adding nutrients to foods is called:

Accepted Answer

A) enrichment. 
B) fortification. 
C) milling. 
D) supplementation. 
A) enrichment. 
B) fortification. 
C) milling. 
D) supplementation.

Question 10

Which is the FALSE statement regarding biotin?

Accepted Answer

A) Biotin functions in the metabolism of some amino acids. 
B) An RDA for biotin has not been determined. 
C) Biotin is produced by enzymes in epithelial cells that line the small intestine. 
D) People on tube feedings may become deficient. 
A) Biotin functions in the metabolism of some amino acids. 
B) An RDA for biotin has not been determined. 
C) Biotin is produced by enzymes in epithelial cells that line the small intestine. 
D) People on tube feedings may become deficient.

Question 11

High folate intake may:

Accepted Answer

A) increase the incidence of colon cancer. 
B) cause other vitamin deficiencies because folate competes for absorption sites. 
C) mask a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency,giving rise to permanent nerve damage. 
D) cause acne. 
A) increase the incidence of colon cancer. 
B) cause other vitamin deficiencies because folate competes for absorption sites. 
C) mask a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency,giving rise to permanent nerve damage. 
D) cause acne.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Connective tissue abnormalities are common. 
B) Symptoms can appear quite rapidly. 
C) Myelin degeneration can cause neurological symptoms. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) Connective tissue abnormalities are common. 
B) Symptoms can appear quite rapidly. 
C) Myelin degeneration can cause neurological symptoms. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 13

Which group of people is most at risk for developing thiamin deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Tobacco users 
B) Endurance athletes 
C) Older adults 
D) Chronic alcoholics 
A) Tobacco users 
B) Endurance athletes 
C) Older adults 
D) Chronic alcoholics

Question 14

Which physiologic process requires vitamin B₁₂?

Accepted Answer

A) Division of red blood cells 
B) Synthesis of proteins 
C) Activation of niacin 
D) Maintenance of myelin and normal nerve transmission 
A) Division of red blood cells 
B) Synthesis of proteins 
C) Activation of niacin 
D) Maintenance of myelin and normal nerve transmission

Question 15

Vitamin B₆ is NOT involved in which physiologic process?

Accepted Answer

A) Formation of non-essential amino acids 
B) Hemoglobin synthesis 
C) Collagen formation 
D) Formation of white blood cells important for immunity 
A) Formation of non-essential amino acids 
B) Hemoglobin synthesis 
C) Collagen formation 
D) Formation of white blood cells important for immunity

Question 16

Many B vitamins function as ______,which bind to enzymes to promote their activity.

Accepted Answer

A) provitamins 
B) transport proteins 
C) coenzymes 
D) hormones 
A) provitamins 
B) transport proteins 
C) coenzymes 
D) hormones

Question 17

Absorption of vitamin B₁₂ is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) adequate stomach acid. 
B) pepsin. 
C) intrinsic factor. 
D) amylase. 
A) adequate stomach acid. 
B) pepsin. 
C) intrinsic factor. 
D) amylase.

Question 18

Low folate status increases the risk of:

Accepted Answer

A) type 1 diabetes. 
B) heart disease. 
C) renal dysfunction. 
D) All of the above 
A) type 1 diabetes. 
B) heart disease. 
C) renal dysfunction. 
D) All of the above

Question 19

Which statement regarding fortification of foods in the U.S.is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Fortification is always regulated by the FDA. 
B) Fortification can be an arbitrary act of the food manufacturer. 
C) Fortification can lead to nutrient imbalances and toxicities. 
D) Fortification of juice can help individuals meet their daily calcium requirement. 
A) Fortification is always regulated by the FDA. 
B) Fortification can be an arbitrary act of the food manufacturer. 
C) Fortification can lead to nutrient imbalances and toxicities. 
D) Fortification of juice can help individuals meet their daily calcium requirement.

Question 20

B₆ deficiency does NOT cause:

Accepted Answer

A) neurological symptoms. 
B) numbness in the extremities. 
C) anemia with large,deeply colored red blood cells. 
D) decreased antibody formation. 
A) neurological symptoms. 
B) numbness in the extremities. 
C) anemia with large,deeply colored red blood cells. 
D) decreased antibody formation.

Exam 8: The Water-Soluble Vitamins

Which term describes how well a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body?

Which statement about niacin is true?

Folate deficiency may cause all the following except:

Niacin supplements:

Which statement about choline is correct?

The ____________ is the site of most vitamin absorption into the body.

Which is a good dietary source of thiamin?

Pellagra occurs when _________ is the staple grain in the diet and the diet does not provide a mixture of different foods.

The process of adding nutrients to foods is called:

Which is the FALSE statement regarding biotin?

High folate intake may:

Which of the following statements about vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is true?

Which group of people is most at risk for developing thiamin deficiency?

Which physiologic process requires vitamin B₁₂?

Vitamin B₆ is NOT involved in which physiologic process?

Many B vitamins function as ______,which bind to enzymes to promote their activity.

Absorption of vitamin B₁₂ is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT:

Low folate status increases the risk of:

Which statement regarding fortification of foods in the U.S.is NOT true?

B₆ deficiency does NOT cause:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus on Alcohol

Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitaminnonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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