Exam 8: Sex and Gender

Sexuality between males and females may offer advantages to future offspring by

Among shorebirds of the Arctic Circle, the female seeks out and courts the males; once she has laid eggs, the male incubates them while the female seeks out and courts additional males. This situation is known as ____.

Bonobos live in central Africa. Unlike other mammals that show sexual activity only during a few days of the female's cycle, female bonobos are almost continuously sexually active, and it has been suggested that the bonobo uses sexuality in place of aggression. Their social structure is best described as which of the following?

Some species signal sexual interest by means of _____, molecules whose scent carries an important sexual message.

There are gender differences in actual sexual behavior, with males seeking sex more often than females; this is true for _____ couples.

Not only are males more aggressive than females, they also commit more serious crimes, including almost _____% of the murders reported in the United States.

Explain the difference between natural selection and sexual selection. When the two conflict, which wins out?

What is the Red Queen hypothesis? In what way is sex like a lottery?

According to the author, a hundred years ago females were viewed as uninterested in sex, and males were told to _____ to help reduce their sexual desire.

Chimpanzees are found in central Africa. They have been described as smart, social, sexual, and political, as well as a species that fights, reconciles, makes tools, hunts, makes war, and can also practice infanticide and cannibalism. Males are only slightly larger than females. Their social structure is best described as which of the following?

One type of sperm has the purpose of destroying existing sperm in the female reproductive tract; this type of sperm, which is sometimes called _____, has the job of destroying sperm from a different male.

Gibbons and siamangs of Southeast Asia are referred to as _____ because they are smaller than chimpanzees and gorillas.

It has been found in a variety of species that genes related to _____ production evolve faster than other genes.

Competition between males can take the form of outright fighting, as in the case of elephant seals or reindeer; at other times, it is to determine who has the brightest colors, as in a variety of male birds and fish. Females, on the other hand,