Question 1

One of the themes of Darwin's theory of sexual selection was _____, males with males and females with females, for access to a mate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the themes of Darwin's theory...

Question 2

The brightly colored male satin bowerbird builds a structure called a bower for the female to stand in while she watches him strut and sing. How does the female decide which male to mate with?

Accepted Answer

A)  She decides based on how extensively decorated the bower is. 
B)  She decides based on how intensely the male struts and sings. 
C)  Younger females decide by the bower, older ones by the performance. 
D)  Younger females decide by the performance, older ones by the bower. 
A)  She decides based on how extensively decorated the bower is. 
B)  She decides based on how intensely the male struts and sings. 
C)  Younger females decide by the bower, older ones by the performance. 
D)  Younger females decide by the performance, older ones by the bower.

Question 3

When the pressures of natural selection and survival are at odds with those of sexual selection and reproduction, Darwin determined that evolution will favor

Accepted Answer

A)  a wait and see strategy. 
B)  reproduction for some, survival for others. 
C)  reproduction over survival. 
D)  survival over reproduction. 
A)  a wait and see strategy. 
B)  reproduction for some, survival for others. 
C)  reproduction over survival. 
D)  survival over reproduction.

Question 4

Since gender differences began to be reported in psychological research, there has been a fierce debate as to the nature of these differences; however, the author contends that three points have been missed in this debate. Which of the following is NOT one of those missed points?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many arguments adopt a simplistic version of human behavior and experience. 
B)  Philosophical arguments are no match for scientific evidence. 
C)  Researchers have not been directing their comments to the individual level. 
D)  The debates often ignore the fact that feelings do not always lead to actions. 
A)  Many arguments adopt a simplistic version of human behavior and experience. 
B)  Philosophical arguments are no match for scientific evidence. 
C)  Researchers have not been directing their comments to the individual level. 
D)  The debates often ignore the fact that feelings do not always lead to actions.

Question 5

Baumeister investigated the manner in which external factors can influence attitudes and behaviors and found three basic themes. Which of the following is NOT one of those themes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men engage in more sexual fantasizing than women do. 
B)  Men's sexual predispositions, once they emerge, will remain stable. 
C)  Women's predispositions will be more influenced by her culture and society. 
D)  Women match their sexual behavior to cultural norms, men to their own attitudes. 
A)  Men engage in more sexual fantasizing than women do. 
B)  Men's sexual predispositions, once they emerge, will remain stable. 
C)  Women's predispositions will be more influenced by her culture and society. 
D)  Women match their sexual behavior to cultural norms, men to their own attitudes.

Question 6

Sexual reproduction has advantages, but it also has its disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of the recombination of genes, genotypes are constantly changing. 
B)  Considerable energy is expended as males and females compete for mates. 
C)  It is inefficient, in that it requires twice as many offspring as asexual reproduction. 
D) The environment must support ways for males and females to come into contact. 
A)  Because of the recombination of genes, genotypes are constantly changing. 
B)  Considerable energy is expended as males and females compete for mates. 
C)  It is inefficient, in that it requires twice as many offspring as asexual reproduction. 
D) The environment must support ways for males and females to come into contact.

Question 7

All whiptail lizards are female, as are all of their offspring, and their eggs require no fertilization by sperm; this type of reproduction is referred to as _____, which is Greek for virgin birth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All whiptail lizards are female, as are...

Question 8

Gender differences found in sexual desire or behavior cannot be related to satisfaction of the experience because

Accepted Answer

A)  ratings of satisfaction are generally considered unreliable. 
B)  researchers controlled for differences in level of satisfaction. 
C)  satisfaction of experience was not a factor that was considered. 
D)  studies find no differences between males and females in level of satisfaction. 
A)  ratings of satisfaction are generally considered unreliable. 
B)  researchers controlled for differences in level of satisfaction. 
C)  satisfaction of experience was not a factor that was considered. 
D)  studies find no differences between males and females in level of satisfaction.

Question 9

Like other chimpanzees, bonobo society is described as _____; that is, bonobos move in small groups that may constantly change during the day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Like other chimpanzees, bonobo society is described...

Question 10

Although sperm carries the same amount of genetic material from the father as the egg does from the mother, it is the fact that the mother's egg provides the _____ necessary for the initial development of the organism that accounts for the difference in size.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although sperm carries the same amount of...

Question 11

Research done at Israeli kibbutzim, which are communal societies, show that individuals brought up together from early childhood show a(n) _____ sexual desire toward each other even when they are not related.

Accepted Answer

A)  aberrant 
B)  increased 
C)  reduced 
D)  unrequited 
A)  aberrant 
B)  increased 
C)  reduced 
D)  unrequited

Question 12

Chimpanzees and gorillas of Africa are referred to as _____ because they are larger than gibbons and siamangs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chimpanzees and gorillas of Africa are referred...

Question 13

Evolutionary psychologists ask what historical factors could have led humans to have a propensity for experiencing the world in a certain way; on the other hand, social _____ theories focus on the current social pressures experienced by the individuals

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  cognitive 
C)  constructivist 
D)  neuroscience 
A)  behavioral 
B)  cognitive 
C)  constructivist 
D)  neuroscience

Question 14

The term _____ is used to describe the situation in which one male mates with multiple females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term _____ is used to describe...

Question 15

The World Health Organization estimates that there are _____ million acts of human sexual intercourse each day but fewer than _____ million conceptions.

Accepted Answer

A)  100, 1 
B)  100, 10 
C)  500, 1 
D)  500, 10 
A)  100, 1 
B)  100, 10 
C)  500, 1 
D)  500, 10

Question 16

The big-picture view suggests that organisms compete to

Accepted Answer

A)  ensure only the fittest survive. 
B)  pass high-quality genes to the offspring. 
C)  prevent overpopulation of the species. 
D)  remove weaker members from the group. 
A)  ensure only the fittest survive. 
B)  pass high-quality genes to the offspring. 
C)  prevent overpopulation of the species. 
D)  remove weaker members from the group.

Question 17

Gibbons are found in Southeast Asia and spend part of their days moving through the canopies of trees foraging for food as well as just resting. Males and females are equal in size, and there appears to be little competition among males for mates. Their social structure is best described as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  They live in fairly stable groups composed of one male and several females with their young. 
B)  They live in joint male-female territories and remain socially monogamous for decades. 
C)  They live in social groups of around 50 animals; males establish a dominance hierarchy. 
D)  They live in small fission-fusion groups; females band together to ward off aggressive males. 
A)  They live in fairly stable groups composed of one male and several females with their young. 
B)  They live in joint male-female territories and remain socially monogamous for decades. 
C)  They live in social groups of around 50 animals; males establish a dominance hierarchy. 
D)  They live in small fission-fusion groups; females band together to ward off aggressive males.

Question 18

Clark and Hatfield (1989) studied college men and women's willingness to engage in sexual intercourse with a stranger. What did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Few respondents of either sex indicated they were willing. 
B)  Half of the men and half of the women indicated they were willing. 
C)  It largely depended on the attractiveness of the person who asked. 
D) Most of the men were willing, but virtually none of the women were. 
A)  Few respondents of either sex indicated they were willing. 
B)  Half of the men and half of the women indicated they were willing. 
C)  It largely depended on the attractiveness of the person who asked. 
D) Most of the men were willing, but virtually none of the women were.

Question 19

A large variety of studies have suggested four important differences in sexuality between males and females. Based on this research which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males are more willing to engage in extramarital sexual behavior than females. 
B)  Males initiate sexual behaviors more frequently than females. 
C)  Males show more flexibility in sexual predispositions than females. 
D)  Males show more sexual interest than females. 
A)  Males are more willing to engage in extramarital sexual behavior than females. 
B)  Males initiate sexual behaviors more frequently than females. 
C)  Males show more flexibility in sexual predispositions than females. 
D)  Males show more sexual interest than females.

Question 20

Among shorebirds living in the Arctic Circle, the female seeks out and court the males; once she has laid eggs, the male incubates them while she goes out and courts additional males. This mating system is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  polyandry 
B)  polygyny 
C)  sexual monogamy 
D)  social monogamy 
A)  polyandry 
B)  polygyny 
C)  sexual monogamy 
D)  social monogamy

One of the themes of Darwin's theory of sexual selection was _____, males with males and females with females, for access to a mate.

The brightly colored male satin bowerbird builds a structure called a bower for the female to stand in while she watches him strut and sing. How does the female decide which male to mate with?

When the pressures of natural selection and survival are at odds with those of sexual selection and reproduction, Darwin determined that evolution will favor

Since gender differences began to be reported in psychological research, there has been a fierce debate as to the nature of these differences; however, the author contends that three points have been missed in this debate. Which of the following is NOT one of those missed points?

Baumeister investigated the manner in which external factors can influence attitudes and behaviors and found three basic themes. Which of the following is NOT one of those themes?

Sexual reproduction has advantages, but it also has its disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

All whiptail lizards are female, as are all of their offspring, and their eggs require no fertilization by sperm; this type of reproduction is referred to as _____, which is Greek for virgin birth.

Gender differences found in sexual desire or behavior cannot be related to satisfaction of the experience because

Like other chimpanzees, bonobo society is described as _____; that is, bonobos move in small groups that may constantly change during the day.

Although sperm carries the same amount of genetic material from the father as the egg does from the mother, it is the fact that the mother's egg provides the _____ necessary for the initial development of the organism that accounts for the difference in size.

Research done at Israeli kibbutzim, which are communal societies, show that individuals brought up together from early childhood show a(n) _____ sexual desire toward each other even when they are not related.

Chimpanzees and gorillas of Africa are referred to as _____ because they are larger than gibbons and siamangs.

Evolutionary psychologists ask what historical factors could have led humans to have a propensity for experiencing the world in a certain way; on the other hand, social _____ theories focus on the current social pressures experienced by the individuals

The term _____ is used to describe the situation in which one male mates with multiple females.

The World Health Organization estimates that there are _ million acts of human sexual intercourse each day but fewer than _ million conceptions.

The big-picture view suggests that organisms compete to

Clark and Hatfield (1989) studied college men and women's willingness to engage in sexual intercourse with a stranger. What did they find?

A large variety of studies have suggested four important differences in sexuality between males and females. Based on this research which of the following statements is NOT true?

Among shorebirds living in the Arctic Circle, the female seeks out and court the males; once she has laid eggs, the male incubates them while she goes out and courts additional males. This mating system is known as

Introduction to an Evolutionary Perspective

What Is Evolution

Evolution and Genetics

Evolution of Brain and Function

Developmental Processes

Emotionality

Language

Sexual Selection

Kin and Family Relationships

Social Relations

Making Social Decisions

Health and Disease

Psychopathology

Culture

Filters

Exam 8: Sex and Gender

One of the themes of Darwin's theory of sexual selection was _____, males with males and females with females, for access to a mate.

The brightly colored male satin bowerbird builds a structure called a bower for the female to stand in while she watches him strut and sing. How does the female decide which male to mate with?

When the pressures of natural selection and survival are at odds with those of sexual selection and reproduction, Darwin determined that evolution will favor

Since gender differences began to be reported in psychological research, there has been a fierce debate as to the nature of these differences; however, the author contends that three points have been missed in this debate. Which of the following is NOT one of those missed points?

Baumeister investigated the manner in which external factors can influence attitudes and behaviors and found three basic themes. Which of the following is NOT one of those themes?

Sexual reproduction has advantages, but it also has its disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

All whiptail lizards are female, as are all of their offspring, and their eggs require no fertilization by sperm; this type of reproduction is referred to as _____, which is Greek for virgin birth.

Gender differences found in sexual desire or behavior cannot be related to satisfaction of the experience because

Like other chimpanzees, bonobo society is described as _____; that is, bonobos move in small groups that may constantly change during the day.

Although sperm carries the same amount of genetic material from the father as the egg does from the mother, it is the fact that the mother's egg provides the _____ necessary for the initial development of the organism that accounts for the difference in size.

Research done at Israeli kibbutzim, which are communal societies, show that individuals brought up together from early childhood show a(n) _____ sexual desire toward each other even when they are not related.

Chimpanzees and gorillas of Africa are referred to as _____ because they are larger than gibbons and siamangs.

Evolutionary psychologists ask what historical factors could have led humans to have a propensity for experiencing the world in a certain way; on the other hand, social _____ theories focus on the current social pressures experienced by the individuals

The term _____ is used to describe the situation in which one male mates with multiple females.

The World Health Organization estimates that there are _____ million acts of human sexual intercourse each day but fewer than _____ million conceptions.

The big-picture view suggests that organisms compete to

Clark and Hatfield (1989) studied college men and women's willingness to engage in sexual intercourse with a stranger. What did they find?

A large variety of studies have suggested four important differences in sexuality between males and females. Based on this research which of the following statements is NOT true?

Among shorebirds living in the Arctic Circle, the female seeks out and court the males; once she has laid eggs, the male incubates them while she goes out and courts additional males. This mating system is known as

Introduction to an Evolutionary Perspective

What Is Evolution

Evolution and Genetics

Evolution of Brain and Function

Developmental Processes

Emotionality

Language

Sexual Selection

Kin and Family Relationships

Social Relations

Making Social Decisions

Health and Disease

Psychopathology

Culture

Filters

The World Health Organization estimates that there are _ million acts of human sexual intercourse each day but fewer than _ million conceptions.