Question 1

Bowlby proposed that we need to consider conditions in the environment of evolutionary adaptedness to understand the survival value of

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment behaviors in primates. 
B)  both evolved and learned behaviors. 
C)  present-day behaviors and experiences. 
D)  the human body and its physiology. 
A)  attachment behaviors in primates. 
B)  both evolved and learned behaviors. 
C)  present-day behaviors and experiences. 
D)  the human body and its physiology. C

Question 2

Altruism is a problem for the theory of evolution by natural selection. Why? Explain how Hamilton's and Trivers' ideas helped resolve this problem. Can you think of any examples of altruistic behavior that are still left unexplained?

Accepted Answer

-Natural selection is about individual fitness, but altruism involves giving benefits to others at a cost to the self.
-According to Hamilton's idea of inclusive fitness, altruism benefits the individual's genes that are shared with relatives.
-According to Trivers' idea of reciprocal altruism, mutual exchanges help build social networks that increase fitness.
-Altruism toward strangers (neither kin nor friends) is still not adequately explained by current theories.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of a fixed action pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be modified to the situation. 
B)  It is characteristic of a species. 
C)  It requires no learning. 
D)  It is released by a stimulus. 
A)  It can be modified to the situation. 
B)  It is characteristic of a species. 
C)  It requires no learning. 
D)  It is released by a stimulus. A

Question 4

One feature of imprinting is that it is quickly learned and does not require a number of occurrences; this is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing. 
B)  fast-tracking. 
C)  instinctual behavior. 
D)  one-trial learning. 
A)  automatic processing. 
B)  fast-tracking. 
C)  instinctual behavior. 
D)  one-trial learning.

Question 5

_____ have two characteristics: first, they have been with us throughout our history as a species; and second, they have an influence on the reproduction of individual organisms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ have two characteristics: first, they have...

Question 6

Wilson's book Sociobiology created a controversy because the 1970s was a time when the social sciences assumed that

Accepted Answer

A)  all aspects of human behavior could be explained in terms of genes. 
B)  experience determined almost all human psychological characteristics. 
C)  natural selection was not a valid theory in the case of humans. 
D)  synthesis was needed as well as a reduction to basic principles. 
A)  all aspects of human behavior could be explained in terms of genes. 
B)  experience determined almost all human psychological characteristics. 
C)  natural selection was not a valid theory in the case of humans. 
D)  synthesis was needed as well as a reduction to basic principles.

Question 7

The model of human behavior that assumes experience plays the major role and views the mind as a blank slate is known as the _____.

Accepted Answer

Standard S

Question 8

Trivers' theory of parental investment predicts that the sex that invests more in its offspring will have evolved to be more

Accepted Answer

A)  attentive to the needs of its relatives. 
B)  caring and compassionate about others. 
C)  discriminating in selecting its mating partner. 
D)  likely to pass its genes on to the next generation. 
A)  attentive to the needs of its relatives. 
B)  caring and compassionate about others. 
C)  discriminating in selecting its mating partner. 
D)  likely to pass its genes on to the next generation.

Question 9

_____ reflect features of the environment relevant to survival; for example, the human visual system reflects the transmission of light through air.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ reflect features of the environment relevant...

Question 10

One of Fisher's important mathematical demonstrations was that natural selection progresses through

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the organism to fit the characteristics of the environment. 
B)  cyclical patterns of rapid spurts of change following by long periods of stability. 
C)  mutations that may or may not be beneficial to the species. 
D)  the accumulation of many small changes in genes rather than a few large changes. 
A)  changes in the organism to fit the characteristics of the environment. 
B)  cyclical patterns of rapid spurts of change following by long periods of stability. 
C)  mutations that may or may not be beneficial to the species. 
D)  the accumulation of many small changes in genes rather than a few large changes.

Question 11

When the Wason selection task is framed as a(n) _____ problem, most people answer incorrectly; however, when it is framed as a(n) ______ problem, most people answer correctly.

Accepted Answer

A)  inclusive fitness, reciprocal altruism 
B)  logic, social exchange 
C)  individual, group 
D)  trivial, survival 
A)  inclusive fitness, reciprocal altruism 
B)  logic, social exchange 
C)  individual, group 
D)  trivial, survival

Question 12

Contrast the Standard Social Science Model with the Evolutionary Psychology approach. These two approaches reflect a much larger debate within psychology. What is it?

Accepted Answer

-SSSM: human mind as blank slate; human

Question 13

Data from around the world indicate that when a murder is committed it is

Accepted Answer

A)  just as likely to have been committed by a woman as a man. 
B)  ten times more likely to have been committed by a man than a woman. 
C)  ten times more likely to have been committed by a woman than a man. 
D)  usually committed by a person with a history of violence. 
A)  just as likely to have been committed by a woman as a man. 
B)  ten times more likely to have been committed by a man than a woman. 
C)  ten times more likely to have been committed by a woman than a man. 
D)  usually committed by a person with a history of violence.

Question 14

According to Cosmides and Tooby, adaptive problems have been with us throughout our history as a species,

Accepted Answer

A)  and their solution affects the reproduction of individual organisms. 
B)  and they will continue to be problems for the foreseeable future. 
C)  but we have always been able to adapt to them. 
D)  but with modern technology they are no longer a problem. 
A)  and their solution affects the reproduction of individual organisms. 
B)  and they will continue to be problems for the foreseeable future. 
C)  but we have always been able to adapt to them. 
D)  but with modern technology they are no longer a problem.

Question 15

Evolutionary psychologists say there is a universal human nature. What do they mean by this? What assumptions are associated with this approach? What sorts of questions are easier to answer using this approach?

Accepted Answer

-There is a tendency for individuals to

Question 16

Imprinting involves both the characteristic behavior of the mother and the innate brain pattern or the hatchling; Lorenz suggested imprinting worked like a _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imprinting involves both the characteristic behavior of...

Question 17

The question of why individuals would engage in behaviors that benefited others at their own expense is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The question of why individuals would engage...

Question 18

The metaphor for the Standard Social Science Model is

Accepted Answer

A)  consciousness as the tip of an iceberg. 
B)  the mind as a blank slate. 
C)  the species as an organism. 
D)  thought processes as computations. 
A)  consciousness as the tip of an iceberg. 
B)  the mind as a blank slate. 
C)  the species as an organism. 
D)  thought processes as computations.

Question 19

How did Dobzhansky define a species? How did he explain the evolution of new species?

Accepted Answer

-A species is a group of animals or plan

Question 20

Describe the environment of evolutionary adaptedness for humans. How does it contrast with modern life? Why is it important to consider the EEA when searching for explanations for human behavior? Give an example or two.

Accepted Answer

-The EEA for humans involved hunting and

Bowlby proposed that we need to consider conditions in the environment of evolutionary adaptedness to understand the survival value of

Altruism is a problem for the theory of evolution by natural selection. Why? Explain how Hamilton's and Trivers' ideas helped resolve this problem. Can you think of any examples of altruistic behavior that are still left unexplained?

Which of the following is NOT true of a fixed action pattern?

One feature of imprinting is that it is quickly learned and does not require a number of occurrences; this is referred to as

_____ have two characteristics: first, they have been with us throughout our history as a species; and second, they have an influence on the reproduction of individual organisms.

Wilson's book Sociobiology created a controversy because the 1970s was a time when the social sciences assumed that

The model of human behavior that assumes experience plays the major role and views the mind as a blank slate is known as the _____.

Trivers' theory of parental investment predicts that the sex that invests more in its offspring will have evolved to be more

_____ reflect features of the environment relevant to survival; for example, the human visual system reflects the transmission of light through air.

One of Fisher's important mathematical demonstrations was that natural selection progresses through

When the Wason selection task is framed as a(n) _ problem, most people answer incorrectly; however, when it is framed as a(n) __ problem, most people answer correctly.

Contrast the Standard Social Science Model with the Evolutionary Psychology approach. These two approaches reflect a much larger debate within psychology. What is it?

Data from around the world indicate that when a murder is committed it is

According to Cosmides and Tooby, adaptive problems have been with us throughout our history as a species,

Evolutionary psychologists say there is a universal human nature. What do they mean by this? What assumptions are associated with this approach? What sorts of questions are easier to answer using this approach?

Imprinting involves both the characteristic behavior of the mother and the innate brain pattern or the hatchling; Lorenz suggested imprinting worked like a _ and _.

The question of why individuals would engage in behaviors that benefited others at their own expense is known as _____.

The metaphor for the Standard Social Science Model is

How did Dobzhansky define a species? How did he explain the evolution of new species?

Describe the environment of evolutionary adaptedness for humans. How does it contrast with modern life? Why is it important to consider the EEA when searching for explanations for human behavior? Give an example or two.

What Is Evolution

Evolution and Genetics

Evolution of Brain and Function

Developmental Processes

Emotionality

Language

Sex and Gender

Sexual Selection

Kin and Family Relationships

Social Relations

Making Social Decisions

Health and Disease

Psychopathology

Culture

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to an Evolutionary Perspective

Bowlby proposed that we need to consider conditions in the environment of evolutionary adaptedness to understand the survival value of

Altruism is a problem for the theory of evolution by natural selection. Why? Explain how Hamilton's and Trivers' ideas helped resolve this problem. Can you think of any examples of altruistic behavior that are still left unexplained?

Which of the following is NOT true of a fixed action pattern?

One feature of imprinting is that it is quickly learned and does not require a number of occurrences; this is referred to as

_____ have two characteristics: first, they have been with us throughout our history as a species; and second, they have an influence on the reproduction of individual organisms.

Wilson's book Sociobiology created a controversy because the 1970s was a time when the social sciences assumed that

The model of human behavior that assumes experience plays the major role and views the mind as a blank slate is known as the _____.

Trivers' theory of parental investment predicts that the sex that invests more in its offspring will have evolved to be more

_____ reflect features of the environment relevant to survival; for example, the human visual system reflects the transmission of light through air.

One of Fisher's important mathematical demonstrations was that natural selection progresses through

When the Wason selection task is framed as a(n) _____ problem, most people answer incorrectly; however, when it is framed as a(n) ______ problem, most people answer correctly.

Contrast the Standard Social Science Model with the Evolutionary Psychology approach. These two approaches reflect a much larger debate within psychology. What is it?

Data from around the world indicate that when a murder is committed it is

According to Cosmides and Tooby, adaptive problems have been with us throughout our history as a species,

Evolutionary psychologists say there is a universal human nature. What do they mean by this? What assumptions are associated with this approach? What sorts of questions are easier to answer using this approach?

Imprinting involves both the characteristic behavior of the mother and the innate brain pattern or the hatchling; Lorenz suggested imprinting worked like a _____ and _____.

The question of why individuals would engage in behaviors that benefited others at their own expense is known as _____.

The metaphor for the Standard Social Science Model is

How did Dobzhansky define a species? How did he explain the evolution of new species?

Describe the environment of evolutionary adaptedness for humans. How does it contrast with modern life? Why is it important to consider the EEA when searching for explanations for human behavior? Give an example or two.

What Is Evolution

Evolution and Genetics

Evolution of Brain and Function

Developmental Processes

Emotionality

Language

Sex and Gender

Sexual Selection

Kin and Family Relationships

Social Relations

Making Social Decisions

Health and Disease

Psychopathology

Culture

Filters

When the Wason selection task is framed as a(n) _ problem, most people answer incorrectly; however, when it is framed as a(n) __ problem, most people answer correctly.

Imprinting involves both the characteristic behavior of the mother and the innate brain pattern or the hatchling; Lorenz suggested imprinting worked like a _ and _.