Exam 3: Evolution and Genetics

A DNA molecule along with the proteins that are attached to it is called a(n) _____.

_____ carry the instructions that direct the expression of particular traits.

The DNA synthesis of RNA is called

The pinched-in region of the chromosome is called the _____.

Females carry two copies of the X chromosome, whereas males carry

_____ is a situation in which alleles of one gene mask the expression of another gene's alleles such that an expected phenotype does not appear.

Because the X and Y chromosomes are different and do not contain identical genes, this sets up the possibility for transmission of traits that can be different for males and females; this is known as _____. An example of this is color blindness, which is much more common in men than in women.

Because _____ does not recombine, it is very stable and mutates very slowly; thus, it is possible to use it to trace evolutionary time over the generations.

Lactose intolerance is one example of how

_____ examines generations of families and looks for the association betwee particular DNA marker alleles and particular traits, commonly done for psychological and physiological disorders that run in families, such as depression or bipolar disorder.

Each of the approximately 20,000 human genes occurs at a specific site, called a(n) _____, on one of our 24 different pairs of chromosomes.

The production of gametes requires that the DNA be replicated and the diploid number of chromosomes reduced to haploid; this process is called

The concept of gene expression refers to the fact that genes

The complete set of human genes is referred to as the _____.