Exam 3: Evolution and Genetics

Describe the structure and function of DNA and RNA. Explain how these structures are involved in gene expression. What are some metaphors for DNA?

Until Landsteiner's discovery of _____, it was not known why some individuals died from transfusions.

The _____ is a way of representing the chromosomal contents of a cell, including the number of chromosomes followed by a description of the sex chromosomes.

The _____ represents the observed traits of the individual, including morphology, physiology, and behavior.

As a result of _____, the chromosomes of gamete cells is not identical to the parent cell.

The structure of DNA in chimpanzees and humans is about _____% the same.

The job of a gene is to encode the production of a(n)

The phenotype represents the

The _____ consists of what is inherited through the sperm and the egg at the moment of conception.

The "central dogma" of molecular biology states that genes

The _____ can sometimes be used to trace the ancestry of an individual. One famous example of this Genghis Khan.

Explain Mendel's two laws. What are some examples of genetic inheritance that violate Mendel's laws.

_____ is the process whereby the RNA determines the sequence of amino acids in the building of a protein.

_____ are structures within a cell that are involved in the production of energy. It is assume they descended from bacteria that began to live inside single-celled organisms more than a billion years ago.

One complicated type of inheritance pattern is _____, in which a phenotype is expressed that is in between the two alleles.

Jack and Jill are twins. Which of the following statements about them is correct?

The process of cell division is called _____; during this process, each chromosome is first replicated to form identical pairs that are joined at the centromere.

A sequence of three bases along a single RNA strand is called a _____.

A common method of diagramming the probable inheritance of dominant and recessive traits is the _____ method.

Mendel learned that the inheritance of one trait is not affected by the inheritance of another trait; this is known as Mendel's second law, or the law of _____.