Exam 1: What Is Psychology

A difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

One of E. B. Titchener's favourite research methods was reading personality traits from the bumps on a person's skull.

Psychodynamic psychologists try to dig below the surface of a person's behaviour to get to its unconscious roots.

Psychologists from the psychodynamic perspective would be likely to agree that anxiety is due to forbidden, unconscious desires.

In what ways have psychology's forerunners and contemporary psychologists come to the same conclusions regarding human nature? In what ways did the forerunners of psychology blunder in their theories and explanations?

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain this type of critical-thinking error. Create your own example of an argument by anecdote.

Heller is pleased because his mentor, Wilhelm Wundt, has said that Heller has completed enough practice observations and will be able to participate in an actual study. Wundt required Heller to complete ________ practice observations.

Critical thinkers do not make assumptions about how the world works.

Psychologists from the cognitive perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety may be caused by a chemical imbalance.

Sigmund Freud began his career as:

Match these accomplishments with the appropriate person. -Established the first psychology laboratory in 1879.

Evolutionary psychology is a part of which modern psychological perspective?

The first week of college is difficult for Drew because his girlfriend is attending college in another province. His roommate says, "Don't worry, Drew, you know that absence makes the heart grow fonder." Drew bases his response on the chapter he just completed in his psychology textbook, saying:

According to ________, attempting to grasp the nature of the mind through introspection is like seizing a spinning top to catch its motion.

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Psychologists from the behavioural perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety often bring hidden rewards, such as being excused from exams.

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain what is meant by this statement and then illustrate how this occurs through an example.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate perspective. -Emphasizes how people reason, remember, understand language, solve problems, explain experiences, acquire moral standards, and form beliefs.