Exam 10: How Genes Work

A mutation that changes the anticodon of a tRNA is generally much more detrimental to a cell than a mutation that changes the codon of an mRNA.Explain why this might be the case.

Determine whether each molecule plays a role in transcription,translation,or both. -rRNA

Consider a build-at-home bookshelf that comes with instructions and various pieces of wood as an analogy for translation.In this analogy,what would best match the job of the ribosome?

A smartphone app converts spoken English into Spanish.This is similar to the process by which ________ are converted into ________.

Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram below of translation indicates a codon?

Put the following steps in the process of transcription in chronological order. -RNA bases are paired with DNA bases.

In bacteria,the antibiotic erythromycin prevents ribosomes from functioning.The MOST likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with erythromycin is because the antibiotic

Determine whether each molecule plays a role in transcription,translation,or both. -RNA polymerase

In bacteria,a particular gene codes for a protein that helps the bacteria break down and use lactose as a food source.If no lactose is present,the

Gene regulation is the ability to

In bacteria,the antibiotic tetracycline blocks the site where tRNA molecules enter the ribosome.The MOST likely reason that bacteria die from treatment with tetracycline is because the antibiotic

Match the steps of transcription and translation to the location they take place within a eukaryotic cell. -recognition of a promoter gene

Some viruses produce an enzyme called reverse transcriptase which causes the reverse process of transcription.Based on your understanding of gene expression,this enzyme should produce ________ from a(n)________ template.

Which of the following codons codes for the same amino acid as the codon AGU?

The bases present in an RNA molecule are

DNA viruses cause disease when the host cell uses the viral DNA to produce more viruses.The host cell uses the viral DNA to make viral proteins as well as more viral DNA; these are then used to produce more viruses and cause disease.In a eukaryotic cell,the viral DNA is often inserted into the host genome.Explain why viral DNA that stays in the cytoplasm would not cause disease.

Identify if the following situations represent an increase or decrease in transcription or translation. -Fewer tRNA molecules are produced.

Put the following steps in the process of transcription in chronological order. -RNA polymerase exposes the DNA template strand.

Organisms can regulate both transcription and translation to control gene expression.What is one advantage and one disadvantage of regulating transcription rather than translation?

Which of the following codons codes for proline?