Exam 9: What Genes Are

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species.This is the reason for

A scientist adds a single polymerase and primer to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)but does not add nucleotides.How many strands would be present after three replications if a single original strand was present? Explain your answer.

DNA replication

Once replication in a DNA molecule is complete,each new DNA molecule contains

Describe the building blocks of DNA and how they are bonded together to form the DNA double helix.

Which of the following is NOT a base found in DNA?

A protein binds to the outside of a DNA strand.This protein will NOT likely bind to the ________ of the DNA nucleotides.

A scientist used CRISPR-Cas9 to inactivate the pol gene for DNA polymerase in the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV)sequences of a pig embryo.The resulting pig embryo cells were then placed in proximity of human cells,but there was no infection of the human cells by the PERVs.Why were the PERVs no longer able to infect the human cells?

A detective finds a miniscule spot of blood on a murder suspect's shirt.What method would the police lab be expected to use to get enough DNA from the blood droplet to perform DNA fingerprinting?

A chemical that disrupts hydrogen bonds is added to a test tube containing DNA.What would be the result of this reaction?

In a single strand of DNA,the total number of phosphate groups present is equal to the total number of ________ bases.

The figure below illustrates DNA undergoing replication.The region indicated by the arrow represents a

A chemical is found that binds to a replicating strand of DNA but does not allow the next nucleotide to bind to the growing chain.Explain how this chemical would affect cell division.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a combination of guide ________ and ________ proteins.

A segment of DNA in a test tube replicates and produces many copies of itself.What was probably in the test tube that enhanced this process?

A rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical that converts the bond that forms between adenine and thymine to a stronger covalent bond.Which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

A permanent change in the DNA base sequence due to an uncorrected mismatch error is called a(n)

A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have ________ variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because ________.

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV)light can alter DNA sequences in a cell.Uncorrected,these changes can lead to skin cancer.Individuals who have a mutation in a gene that produces DNA ________ protein may be at an increased risk for skin cancer.

The first human trial using CRISPR and approved by NIH used the system to edit