Question 1

The JEMBEC transport system for Neisseria spp.provides an atmosphere with increased _________ to keep the organism viable during transport.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen (H2) 
B)  carbon dioxide (CO2) 
C)  nitrogen (N2) 
D)  nitrate (NO3) 
A)  hydrogen (H2) 
B)  carbon dioxide (CO2) 
C)  nitrogen (N2) 
D)  nitrate (NO3) B

Question 2

Moraxella catarrhalis can be described as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive diplococcus. 
B)  gram-negative diplococcus. 
C)  gram-negative coccobacillus. 
D)  gram-negative bacillus. 
A)  gram-positive diplococcus. 
B)  gram-negative diplococcus. 
C)  gram-negative coccobacillus. 
D)  gram-negative bacillus. B

Question 3

Gram-negative diplococci are isolated from a genital specimen and yield the following results: · Glucose: positive
· Maltose: negative
· Lactose: negative
The organism can be identified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  N. meningitidis. 
C)  N. lactamica. 
D)  Moraxella catarrhalis. 
A)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  N. meningitidis. 
C)  N. lactamica. 
D)  Moraxella catarrhalis. A

Question 4

MTM, Martin-Lewis (ML), and New York City (NYC)media were all developed for the selective isolation of which organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Moraxella catarrhalis 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis 
C)  N. gonorrhoeae 
D)  N. mucosa 
A)  Moraxella catarrhalis 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis 
C)  N. gonorrhoeae 
D)  N. mucosa

Question 5

Moraxella catarrhalis may be differentiated from gonococci and meningococci on the basis of its:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth on blood agar at 35° C. 
B)  growth on nutrient agar at 22° C. 
C)  reduction of nitrite to nitrate. 
D)  production of DNase. 
A)  growth on blood agar at 35° C. 
B)  growth on nutrient agar at 22° C. 
C)  reduction of nitrite to nitrate. 
D)  production of DNase.

Question 6

The bacterial species that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-positive, maltose-positive, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and a major cause of bacterial meningitis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  N. lactamica. 
C)  N. flavescens. 
D)  N. gonorrhoeae. 
A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  N. lactamica. 
C)  N. flavescens. 
D)  N. gonorrhoeae.

Question 7

Which two organisms should be used to determine the validity of the nitrate reduction test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. lactamica 
B)  N. mucosa and Moraxella catarrhalis 
C)  N. lactamica and M. catarrhalis 
D)  N. sicca and N. subflava 
A)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. lactamica 
B)  N. mucosa and Moraxella catarrhalis 
C)  N. lactamica and M. catarrhalis 
D)  N. sicca and N. subflava

Question 8

A gram-negative diplococcus grew on 5% sheep blood agar and chocolate agar, had scant growth on MacConkey agar, and had no growth on modified Thayer-Martin (MTM)agar.The organism was identified as N.sicca.Which one of the following statements explains the discrepancy of the results obtained on the MTM agar?

Accepted Answer

A)  The medium was most likely expired. 
B)  The organism was most likely incorrectly transported. 
C)  The organism was most likely incubated at 35º C instead of 25º C. 
D)  No discrepancy is present. N. sicca does not grow on MTM agar. 
A)  The medium was most likely expired. 
B)  The organism was most likely incorrectly transported. 
C)  The organism was most likely incubated at 35º C instead of 25º C. 
D)  No discrepancy is present. N. sicca does not grow on MTM agar.

Question 9

Moraxella catarrhalis may be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidase-positive. 
B)  a glucose utilizer. 
C)  a major cause of venereal disease. 
D)  often carrying an antiphagocytic capsule. 
A)  oxidase-positive. 
B)  a glucose utilizer. 
C)  a major cause of venereal disease. 
D)  often carrying an antiphagocytic capsule.

Question 10

Organisms belonging to the genus Neisseria are:

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive diplococci. 
B)  gram-negative diplococci. 
C)  gram-negative coccobacilli. 
D)  gram-negative bacilli. 
A)  gram-positive diplococci. 
B)  gram-negative diplococci. 
C)  gram-negative coccobacilli. 
D)  gram-negative bacilli.

Question 11

The determination of carbohydrate utilization patterns for the differentiation of Neisseria spp.and M.catarrhalis is best performed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  incubation of inoculated cysteine trypticase soy agar (CT
A)  with 1% dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose for 48 to 72 hours. 
B)  oxidative-fermentative (OF) medium with dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose. 
C)  heavy inoculation of buffered, low-peptone substrate with dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose. 
D)  carbohydrate testing strips. 
A)  incubation of inoculated cysteine trypticase soy agar (CT
A)  with 1% dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose for 48 to 72 hours. 
B)  oxidative-fermentative (OF) medium with dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose. 
C)  heavy inoculation of buffered, low-peptone substrate with dextrose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose. 
D)  carbohydrate testing strips.

Question 12

An advantage of all molecular assays is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to test for Chlamydia trachomatis from the same specimen at the same time 
B)  The ability to use these tests for assessing the successfulness of treatment 
C)  Their role as evidence in medicolegal cases 
D)  The ability to detect the capsular antigen in body fluids 
A)  The ability to test for Chlamydia trachomatis from the same specimen at the same time 
B)  The ability to use these tests for assessing the successfulness of treatment 
C)  Their role as evidence in medicolegal cases 
D)  The ability to detect the capsular antigen in body fluids

Question 13

Blood cultures collected for the recovery of Neisseria gonorrhoeae or N.meningitidis require:

Accepted Answer

A)  no special methods. 
B)  more than 0.025% sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS). 
C)  transfer from Vacutainer tubes to culture broth within 1 hour of collection. 
D)  less than 0.025% SPS. 
A)  no special methods. 
B)  more than 0.025% sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS). 
C)  transfer from Vacutainer tubes to culture broth within 1 hour of collection. 
D)  less than 0.025% SPS.

Question 14

An organism isolated from a sputum sample that has a "hockey puck" consistency would have which of the following biochemical profiles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose-positive, maltose-positive, and lactose-positive 
B)  Glucose-positive, maltose-positive, and lactose-negative 
C)  Glucose-positive, maltose-negative, and lactose-negative 
D)  Glucose-negative, maltose-negative, and lactose-negative 
A)  Glucose-positive, maltose-positive, and lactose-positive 
B)  Glucose-positive, maltose-positive, and lactose-negative 
C)  Glucose-positive, maltose-negative, and lactose-negative 
D)  Glucose-negative, maltose-negative, and lactose-negative

Question 15

The differentiation of the similar Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria can be best accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  examination of Gram stain of the colony. 
B)  vancomycin susceptibility testing. 
C)  the oxidase test. 
D)  glucose utilization testing. 
A)  examination of Gram stain of the colony. 
B)  vancomycin susceptibility testing. 
C)  the oxidase test. 
D)  glucose utilization testing.

Question 16

Which one of the following statements is true regarding antimicrobial therapy and susceptibility testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cephalosporins and macrolides are ineffective against Moraxella catarrhalis. 
B)  Resistance to quinolones is emerging in strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
C)  Most Neisseria spp. are resistant to penicillin. 
D)  Most strains of N. meningitidis are resistant to penicillin. 
A)  Cephalosporins and macrolides are ineffective against Moraxella catarrhalis. 
B)  Resistance to quinolones is emerging in strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
C)  Most Neisseria spp. are resistant to penicillin. 
D)  Most strains of N. meningitidis are resistant to penicillin.

Question 17

Which statement is true regarding the pathogenesis of Neisseria cinerea?

Accepted Answer

A)  N. cinerea is a leading cause of fatal bacterial meningitis. 
B)  Virulence factors include pili, capsule formation, and endotoxin. 
C)  Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C)  and thrombocytopenia are complications of infection. 
D)  N. cinerea is commonly encountered as a contaminant in clinical specimens. 
A)  N. cinerea is a leading cause of fatal bacterial meningitis. 
B)  Virulence factors include pili, capsule formation, and endotoxin. 
C)  Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C)  and thrombocytopenia are complications of infection. 
D)  N. cinerea is commonly encountered as a contaminant in clinical specimens.

Question 18

Gonococci require which of the following nutrients for growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arginine 
B)  Hypoxanthine 
C)  Uracil 
D)  IsoVitaleX 
A)  Arginine 
B)  Hypoxanthine 
C)  Uracil 
D)  IsoVitaleX

Question 19

The gram-negative coccus that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-negative, maltose-negative, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and DNase-positive is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  Moraxella catarrhalis. 
C)  N. cinerea. 
D)  N. gonorrhoeae. 
A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  Moraxella catarrhalis. 
C)  N. cinerea. 
D)  N. gonorrhoeae.

Question 20

An endocervical swab was collected from a 26-year-old woman with a purulent discharge.The Gram stain revealed the following: · Many white blood cells (WBCs)
· Moderate gram-negative diplococci
· Moderate gram-negative coccobacilli
· Few yeast
Based on these findings, what would be the next course of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Report the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  Work up the yeast. 
C)  Report the Gram stain, and follow up with culture. 
D)  Request a new specimen; this one is contaminated. 
A)  Report the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  Work up the yeast. 
C)  Report the Gram stain, and follow up with culture. 
D)  Request a new specimen; this one is contaminated.

Exam 39: Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

The JEMBEC transport system for Neisseria spp.provides an atmosphere with increased _________ to keep the organism viable during transport.

Moraxella catarrhalis can be described as a:

Gram-negative diplococci are isolated from a genital specimen and yield the following results: · Glucose: positive · Maltose: negative · Lactose: negative The organism can be identified as:

MTM, Martin-Lewis (ML), and New York City (NYC)media were all developed for the selective isolation of which organism?

Moraxella catarrhalis may be differentiated from gonococci and meningococci on the basis of its:

The bacterial species that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-positive, maltose-positive, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and a major cause of bacterial meningitis is:

Which two organisms should be used to determine the validity of the nitrate reduction test?

Moraxella catarrhalis may be described as:

Organisms belonging to the genus Neisseria are:

The determination of carbohydrate utilization patterns for the differentiation of Neisseria spp.and M.catarrhalis is best performed by:

An advantage of all molecular assays is:

Blood cultures collected for the recovery of Neisseria gonorrhoeae or N.meningitidis require:

An organism isolated from a sputum sample that has a "hockey puck" consistency would have which of the following biochemical profiles?

The differentiation of the similar Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria can be best accomplished by:

Which one of the following statements is true regarding antimicrobial therapy and susceptibility testing?

Which statement is true regarding the pathogenesis of Neisseria cinerea?

Gonococci require which of the following nutrients for growth?

The gram-negative coccus that can be described as oxidase-positive, glucose-negative, maltose-negative, sucrose-negative, lactose-negative, and DNase-positive is:

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics, Metabolism, and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Traditional Cultivation and Identification

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Serologic Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Principles of Antimicrobial Action and Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus Micrococcus and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus Enterococcus and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria Corynebacterium and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothrix Lactobacillus and Similar Organisms

Nocardia Streptomyces Rhodococcus and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Chromobacterium, and Related Organisms

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella and Related Organisms

Eikenella and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Aggregatibacter, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis, Bordetella Parapertussis, and Related Species

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Overview and General Considerations

Overview of Anaerobic Organisms

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Non-culturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Walldeficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections: Overview

Intestinal Protozoa

Blood and Tissue Protozoa

Other Protozoa

Intestinal Nematodes Roundworms

Tissue Nematodes Roundworms

Blood and Tissue Filarialnematodes

Intestinal Cestodes

Tissue Cestodes

Intestinal Trematodes

Liver and Lung Trematodes

Blood Trematodes

Overview of Fungal Identification Methods and Strategies

Hyaline Molds, Mucorales Zygomycetes, Dermatophytes, and Opportunitistic and Systemic Mycoses

Dematiaceous Melanizedmolds

Opportunistic Atypical Fungus: Pneumocystis Jiroveci

The Yeasts