Question 1

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

Accepted Answer

A) harvesting of light energy by ATP 
B) receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain 
C) generation of molecular oxygen 
D) extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water 
E) passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain 
A) harvesting of light energy by ATP 
B) receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain 
C) generation of molecular oxygen 
D) extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water 
E) passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain

Question 2

In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO₂ to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH 
B) inactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme 
C) regeneration of ATP from ADP 
D) regeneration of RuBP 
E) regeneration of NADP⁺ 
A) addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH 
B) inactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme 
C) regeneration of ATP from ADP 
D) regeneration of RuBP 
E) regeneration of NADP⁺

Question 3

Which of the events listed below occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) NADP is produced. 
B) NADPH is reduced to NADP⁺. 
C) Carbon dioxide is incorporated into PGA. 
D) ATP is phosphorylated to yield ADP. 
E) Light is absorbed and funnelled to reaction-centre chlorophyll a. 
A) NADP is produced. 
B) NADPH is reduced to NADP⁺. 
C) Carbon dioxide is incorporated into PGA. 
D) ATP is phosphorylated to yield ADP. 
E) Light is absorbed and funnelled to reaction-centre chlorophyll a.

Question 4

P680⁺ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the receptor for the most excited electron in either photosystem. 
B) It is the molecule that transfers electrons to plastoquinone (Pq)of the electron transfer system. 
C) It transfers its electrons to reduce NADP⁺ to NADPH. 
D) This molecule has a stronger attraction for electrons than oxygen, to obtain electrons from water. 
E) It has a positive charge. 
A) It is the receptor for the most excited electron in either photosystem. 
B) It is the molecule that transfers electrons to plastoquinone (Pq)of the electron transfer system. 
C) It transfers its electrons to reduce NADP⁺ to NADPH. 
D) This molecule has a stronger attraction for electrons than oxygen, to obtain electrons from water. 
E) It has a positive charge.

Question 5

Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) the splitting of water 
B) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll 
C) the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I 
D) the synthesis of ATP 
E) the reduction of NADP⁺ 
A) the splitting of water 
B) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll 
C) the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I 
D) the synthesis of ATP 
E) the reduction of NADP⁺

Question 6

Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration. 
A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration.

Question 7

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You have learned about research conducted during the 1930s by van Niel, who studied photosynthesis in bacteria, which were observed to not release O₂ even though they fixed CO₂.
-These organisms were confounding because the prevailing hypothesis at that time was that

Accepted Answer

A) autotrophs released O₂ from the splitting of CO₂ to make sugars. 
B) autotrophs didn't use CO₂. 
C) CO₂ was released and oxygen used up during photosynthesis. 
D) only heterotrophs released O₂ while fixing carbon. 
E) the process of photosynthesis was unknown at this time. 
A) autotrophs released O₂ from the splitting of CO₂ to make sugars. 
B) autotrophs didn't use CO₂. 
C) CO₂ was released and oxygen used up during photosynthesis. 
D) only heterotrophs released O₂ while fixing carbon. 
E) the process of photosynthesis was unknown at this time.

Question 8

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You have learned about research conducted during the 1930s by van Niel, who studied photosynthesis in bacteria, which were observed to not release O₂ even though they fixed CO₂.
-From his experiments, van Niel concluded that

Accepted Answer

A) he must have done something wrong. 
B) something else was being used to provide hydrogen. 
C) CO₂ was not being split to produce O₂. 
D) CO₂ was directly involved in O₂ production. 
E) H₂O was being used to provide hydrogen. 
A) he must have done something wrong. 
B) something else was being used to provide hydrogen. 
C) CO₂ was not being split to produce O₂. 
D) CO₂ was directly involved in O₂ production. 
E) H₂O was being used to provide hydrogen.

Question 9

In a plant leaf, the reactions that produce NADH occur in

Accepted Answer

A) the light reactions alone. 
B) the Calvin cycle alone. 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle. 
E) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis. 
A) the light reactions alone. 
B) the Calvin cycle alone. 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle. 
E) the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis.

Question 10

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Accepted Answer

A) stroma of the chloroplast 
B) thylakoid membrane 
C) cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast 
D) interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) 
E) outer membrane of the chloroplast 
A) stroma of the chloroplast 
B) thylakoid membrane 
C) cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast 
D) interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) 
E) outer membrane of the chloroplast

Question 11

How is photosynthesis similar in C₄ plants and CAM plants?

Accepted Answer

A) In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B) Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C) In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D) Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark. 
E) In both cases, thylakoids are not involved in photosynthesis. 
A) In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B) Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C) In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D) Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark. 
E) In both cases, thylakoids are not involved in photosynthesis.

Question 12

In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) split water and release oxygen to the reaction-centre chlorophyll 
B) harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-centre chlorophyll 
C) synthesize ATP from ADP and   ᵢ 
D) transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH 
E) concentrate photons within the stroma 
A) split water and release oxygen to the reaction-centre chlorophyll 
B) harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-centre chlorophyll 
C) synthesize ATP from ADP and   ᵢ 
D) transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH 
E) concentrate photons within the stroma

Question 13

Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is coloured purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to)the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?

Accepted Answer

A) red and yellow 
B) blue, green, and red 
C) green and yellow 
D) red and green 
E) blue and red 
A) red and yellow 
B) blue, green, and red 
C) green and yellow 
D) red and green 
E) blue and red

Question 14

What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A) heat and fluorescence 
B) ATP and P700 
C) ATP and NADPH 
D) ADP and NADP 
E) P700 and P680 
A) heat and fluorescence 
B) ATP and P700 
C) ATP and NADPH 
D) ADP and NADP 
E) P700 and P680

Question 15

Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP,   ᵢ, and NADP⁺ to the light reactions. 
B) The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions. 
C) The light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO₂ to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP. 
D) The light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with water to split. 
E) There is no relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. 
A) The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP,   ᵢ, and NADP⁺ to the light reactions. 
B) The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions. 
C) The light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO₂ to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP. 
D) The light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with water to split. 
E) There is no relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Question 16

What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a direct, linear relationship. 
B) They are inversely related. 
C) They are logarithmically related. 
D) They are separate phenomena. 
E) They are only related in certain parts of the spectrum. 
A) They have a direct, linear relationship. 
B) They are inversely related. 
C) They are logarithmically related. 
D) They are separate phenomena. 
E) They are only related in certain parts of the spectrum.

Question 17

The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration. 
A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration.

Question 18

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide 
B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide 
C) split water and release oxygen 
D) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast 
E) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide 
A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide 
B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide 
C) split water and release oxygen 
D) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast 
E) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide

Question 19

Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide molecules. 
B) 3-phosphoglycerate molecules. 
C) ATP molecules. 
D) ribulose bisphosphate molecules. 
E) RuBP carboxylase molecules. 
A) carbon dioxide molecules. 
B) 3-phosphoglycerate molecules. 
C) ATP molecules. 
D) ribulose bisphosphate molecules. 
E) RuBP carboxylase molecules.

Question 20

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide.
-Since the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed. What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

A) full-spectrum white light 
B) green light 
C) a mixture of blue and red light 
D) yellow light 
E) UV light 
A) full-spectrum white light 
B) green light 
C) a mixture of blue and red light 
D) yellow light 
E) UV light

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO₂ to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle?

Which of the events listed below occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

P680⁺ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why?

Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?

Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You have learned about research conducted during the 1930s by van Niel, who studied photosynthesis in bacteria, which were observed to not release O₂ even though they fixed CO₂. -From his experiments, van Niel concluded that

In a plant leaf, the reactions that produce NADH occur in

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

How is photosynthesis similar in C₄ plants and CAM plants?

In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?

Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is coloured purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to)the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?

What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?

Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?

What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?

The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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