Question 1

What stimulates the "respiratory burst" and production of highly toxic free radicals in MODS?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutrophils adhering to the endothelium 
B) Activation of the complement cascade 
C) Release of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes 
D) Activation of the fibrinolytic system 
A) Neutrophils adhering to the endothelium 
B) Activation of the complement cascade 
C) Release of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes 
D) Activation of the fibrinolytic system

Question 2

In MODS, organs that show signs of failure are those involved in the initial injury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What effect does fatal burn injury have on interleukins?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreases levels of IL-2, which may decrease T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes 
B) Decreases levels of IL-4, which causes a shift in production from Th1 to Th2 lymphocytes 
C) Decreases levels of IL-6, which produces cytokines 
D) Decreases levels of IL-12, which stimulates the production of immunoglobulins 
A) Decreases levels of IL-2, which may decrease T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes 
B) Decreases levels of IL-4, which causes a shift in production from Th1 to Th2 lymphocytes 
C) Decreases levels of IL-6, which produces cytokines 
D) Decreases levels of IL-12, which stimulates the production of immunoglobulins

Question 4

Burn shock is a form of hemorrhagic shock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once.
-Follows widespread hypersensitivity reaction

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock 
A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock

Question 6

Burn injury induces almost immediate:

Accepted Answer

A) hypervolemia. 
B) hypermetabolism. 
C) hyponatremia. 
D) hypotension. 
A) hypervolemia. 
B) hypermetabolism. 
C) hyponatremia. 
D) hypotension.

Question 7

What type of shock results from decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

Accepted Answer

A) Septic 
B) Cardiogenic 
C) Hypovolemic 
D) Heart failure 
A) Septic 
B) Cardiogenic 
C) Hypovolemic 
D) Heart failure

Question 8

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once.
-Follows myocardial infarction

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock 
A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock

Question 9

The gastrointestinal system is very sensitive to inflammatory injury resulting from mediators released by macrophages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Secondary MODS results from excessive inflammatory reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Without oxygen, cells shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A clinical infection is necessary for the development of MODS.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Second-degree burns can be full-thickness burns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_____ shock is often more severe than other forms because of its sudden, rapid systemic vasodilation.

Accepted Answer

A) Septic 
B) Hypovolemic 
C) Anaphylactic 
D) Neurogenic 
A) Septic 
B) Hypovolemic 
C) Anaphylactic 
D) Neurogenic

Question 15

The most reliable criterion of adequate fluid resuscitation following a major burn injury is:

Accepted Answer

A) blood pressure. 
B) pulse rate. 
C) respiratory rate. 
D) urine output. 
A) blood pressure. 
B) pulse rate. 
C) respiratory rate. 
D) urine output.

Question 16

In MODS, the gut hypothesis attempts to explain:

Accepted Answer

A) paralytic ileus. 
B) translocation of bacteria. 
C) maldistribution of blood flow. 
D) massive diarrhea accompanying septic shock. 
A) paralytic ileus. 
B) translocation of bacteria. 
C) maldistribution of blood flow. 
D) massive diarrhea accompanying septic shock.

Question 17

Positive-feedback loops that impair oxygen use in all types of shock include:

Accepted Answer

A) activation of the fibrinolytic cascade. 
B) increased circulating volume. 
C) hypermetabolic state. 
D) lysosomal enzyme release. 
A) activation of the fibrinolytic cascade. 
B) increased circulating volume. 
C) hypermetabolic state. 
D) lysosomal enzyme release.

Question 18

How does any type of shock cause oliguria?

Accepted Answer

A) By stimulating the renin-angiotensin system 
B) By decreasing the perfusion to the kidneys 
C) By stimulating carotid and baroreceptors 
D) By decreasing the parasympathetic nervous system stimulation 
A) By stimulating the renin-angiotensin system 
B) By decreasing the perfusion to the kidneys 
C) By stimulating carotid and baroreceptors 
D) By decreasing the parasympathetic nervous system stimulation

Question 19

Hypovolemic shock begins to develop when intravascular volume has decreased by ____%.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 15 
D) 20 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 15 
D) 20

Question 20

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once.
-Follows parasympathetic stimulation

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock 
A) Cardiogenic shock 
B) Hypovolemic shock 
C) Neurogenic shock 
D) Anaphylactic shock 
E) Septic shock

Exam 46: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

What stimulates the "respiratory burst" and production of highly toxic free radicals in MODS?

In MODS, organs that show signs of failure are those involved in the initial injury.

What effect does fatal burn injury have on interleukins?

Burn shock is a form of hemorrhagic shock.

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once. -Follows widespread hypersensitivity reaction

Burn injury induces almost immediate:

What type of shock results from decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once. -Follows myocardial infarction

The gastrointestinal system is very sensitive to inflammatory injury resulting from mediators released by macrophages.

Secondary MODS results from excessive inflammatory reaction.

Without oxygen, cells shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism.

A clinical infection is necessary for the development of MODS.

Second-degree burns can be full-thickness burns.

_____ shock is often more severe than other forms because of its sudden, rapid systemic vasodilation.

The most reliable criterion of adequate fluid resuscitation following a major burn injury is:

In MODS, the gut hypothesis attempts to explain:

Positive-feedback loops that impair oxygen use in all types of shock include:

How does any type of shock cause oliguria?

Hypovolemic shock begins to develop when intravascular volume has decreased by ____%.

Match the types of shock with the corresponding descriptions. Terms can be used more than once. -Follows parasympathetic stimulation

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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