Question 1

In the clotting process, collagen provides a particularly strong stimulus to activate platelets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

_____ are formed elements of the blood that are not cells, but disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting.

Accepted Answer

A) Monocytes 
B) Platelets 
C) Macrophages 
D) Erythrocytes 
A) Monocytes 
B) Platelets 
C) Macrophages 
D) Erythrocytes B

Question 3

The most abundant class of plasma protein is:

Accepted Answer

A) globulin. 
B) albumin. 
C) clotting factors. 
D) complement proteins. 
A) globulin. 
B) albumin. 
C) clotting factors. 
D) complement proteins. B

Question 4

Platelets are not cells; they are disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Erythrocytes and platelets lack cell nuclei.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Thrombocytes develop from megakaryocytes in response to granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in hemostasis is to:

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate the release of fibrinogen to maintain the platelet plug. 
B) stimulate the release of clotting factors V and VII. 
C) cause vasoconstriction and stimulate platelet aggregation. 
D) cause vasodilation and inhibit platelet adhesion and aggregation. 
A) stimulate the release of fibrinogen to maintain the platelet plug. 
B) stimulate the release of clotting factors V and VII. 
C) cause vasoconstriction and stimulate platelet aggregation. 
D) cause vasodilation and inhibit platelet adhesion and aggregation.

Question 8

Which statement about plasma proteins is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma proteins provide clotting factors. 
B) Plasma proteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol. 
C) Plasma proteins synthesize complement proteins. 
D) Plasma proteins create hydrostatic pressure. 
A) Plasma proteins provide clotting factors. 
B) Plasma proteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol. 
C) Plasma proteins synthesize complement proteins. 
D) Plasma proteins create hydrostatic pressure.

Question 9

The effect of low albumin in plasma is:

Accepted Answer

A) clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding. 
B) fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function. 
C) less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. 
D) osmotic pressure decreases, thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium. 
A) clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding. 
B) fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function. 
C) less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. 
D) osmotic pressure decreases, thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium.

Question 10

Cells that destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells without prior exposure are:

Accepted Answer

A) lymphocytes. 
B) plasma cells. 
C) megakaryocytes. 
D) natural killer (NK) cells. 
A) lymphocytes. 
B) plasma cells. 
C) megakaryocytes. 
D) natural killer (NK) cells.

Question 11

Erythropoietin induces the selective proliferation of proerythroblasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Hemostasis

Accepted Answer

A) Clotting 
B) Red blood cell development 
C) Red blood cell destruction 
D) Platelet formation 
E) Blood cell production 
A) Clotting 
B) Red blood cell development 
C) Red blood cell destruction 
D) Platelet formation 
E) Blood cell production

Question 13

Only reduced ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) can be used in the formation of normal hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Serum is plasma that has been altered in the laboratory to remove fibrinogen or some other elements that is unnecessary in the sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Two important characteristics that allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers are:

Accepted Answer

A) biconcavity and permanent shape. 
B) permanent shape and reversible deformability. 
C) reversible deformability and biconcavity. 
D) biconcavity and the presence of hyperactive mitochondria. 
A) biconcavity and permanent shape. 
B) permanent shape and reversible deformability. 
C) reversible deformability and biconcavity. 
D) biconcavity and the presence of hyperactive mitochondria.

Question 16

Erythrocytes:

Accepted Answer

A) contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. 
B) synthesize proteins. 
C) change shape to squeeze through microcirculation. 
D) are stimulated by erythrocyte colony-stimulating factor (E-CSF). 
A) contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. 
B) synthesize proteins. 
C) change shape to squeeze through microcirculation. 
D) are stimulated by erythrocyte colony-stimulating factor (E-CSF).

Question 17

Mature erythrocytes are removed from the bloodstream by the:

Accepted Answer

A) liver. 
B) lymph nodes. 
C) thymus. 
D) spleen. 
A) liver. 
B) lymph nodes. 
C) thymus. 
D) spleen.

Question 18

The drug heparin acts in hemostasis by:

Accepted Answer

A) inhibiting thrombin and AT-III. 
B) preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. 
C) shortening the fibrin strands to retract the blood clot. 
D) degrading the fibrin within blood clots. 
A) inhibiting thrombin and AT-III. 
B) preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. 
C) shortening the fibrin strands to retract the blood clot. 
D) degrading the fibrin within blood clots.

Question 19

Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms.
-Endomitosis

Accepted Answer

A) Clotting 
B) Red blood cell development 
C) Red blood cell destruction 
D) Platelet formation 
E) Blood cell production 
A) Clotting 
B) Red blood cell development 
C) Red blood cell destruction 
D) Platelet formation 
E) Blood cell production

Question 20

Hemoglobin made from oxidized ferric iron (Fe³⁺) is called _____ and is unstable and lacks the ability to bind oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyhemoglobin 
B) oxyhemoglobin 
C) methemoglobin 
D) glycosylated hemoglobin 
A) deoxyhemoglobin 
B) oxyhemoglobin 
C) methemoglobin 
D) glycosylated hemoglobin

Exam 25: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

In the clotting process, collagen provides a particularly strong stimulus to activate platelets.

_____ are formed elements of the blood that are not cells, but disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting.

The most abundant class of plasma protein is:

Platelets are not cells; they are disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments.

Erythrocytes and platelets lack cell nuclei.

Thrombocytes develop from megakaryocytes in response to granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in hemostasis is to:

Which statement about plasma proteins is false?

The effect of low albumin in plasma is:

Cells that destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells without prior exposure are:

Erythropoietin induces the selective proliferation of proerythroblasts.

Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Hemostasis

Only reduced ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) can be used in the formation of normal hemoglobin.

Serum is plasma that has been altered in the laboratory to remove fibrinogen or some other elements that is unnecessary in the sample.

Two important characteristics that allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers are:

Erythrocytes:

Mature erythrocytes are removed from the bloodstream by the:

The drug heparin acts in hemostasis by:

Match the descriptions with the corresponding terms. -Endomitosis

Hemoglobin made from oxidized ferric iron (Fe³⁺) is called _____ and is unstable and lacks the ability to bind oxygen.

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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