Question 1

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea, what anatomic structure is involved in compartment IV?

Accepted Answer

A) Vagina 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Ovary 
D) Anterior pituitary 
A) Vagina 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Ovary 
D) Anterior pituitary

Question 2

_____ is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and usually affects postpubertal males.

Accepted Answer

A) Herpes 
B) Escherichia coli 
C) Mumps 
D) Cytomegalovirus 
A) Herpes 
B) Escherichia coli 
C) Mumps 
D) Cytomegalovirus

Question 3

Match the description with the disorder.
-Spermatocele

Accepted Answer

A) Painless diverticulum of the epididymis located between the head of the epididymis and the testis 
B) Collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis 
C) Rotation of a testis, which twists blood vessels of the spermatic cord 
D) Abnormal dilation of the vein within the spermatic cord 
A) Painless diverticulum of the epididymis located between the head of the epididymis and the testis 
B) Collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis 
C) Rotation of a testis, which twists blood vessels of the spermatic cord 
D) Abnormal dilation of the vein within the spermatic cord

Question 4

_____ is inflammation of the glans penis.

Accepted Answer

A) Glanitis 
B) Balanitis 
C) Priapism 
D) Hydrocelitis 
A) Glanitis 
B) Balanitis 
C) Priapism 
D) Hydrocelitis

Question 5

Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer.
-Penile cancer

Accepted Answer

A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk 
A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk

Question 6

Match the description with the disorder.
-Varicocele

Accepted Answer

A) Painless diverticulum of the epididymis located between the head of the epididymis and the testis 
B) Collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis 
C) Rotation of a testis, which twists blood vessels of the spermatic cord 
D) Abnormal dilation of the vein within the spermatic cord 
A) Painless diverticulum of the epididymis located between the head of the epididymis and the testis 
B) Collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis 
C) Rotation of a testis, which twists blood vessels of the spermatic cord 
D) Abnormal dilation of the vein within the spermatic cord

Question 7

The leading cause of infertility is:

Accepted Answer

A) pelvic inflammatory disease. 
B) endometriosis. 
C) salpingitis. 
D) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 
A) pelvic inflammatory disease. 
B) endometriosis. 
C) salpingitis. 
D) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Question 8

In a woman with endometriosis, endometrial tissue that responds to hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle may be found in the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is a theory of causation for endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Obstruction within the fallopian tubes prevents the endometrial tissue from adhering to the lining of the uterus. 
B) Endometrial tissue passes through the fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity and remains responsive to hormones. 
C) Inflammation of the endometrial tissue develops after recurrent sexually transmitted diseases. 
D) Endometrial tissue lies dormant in the uterus until the ovaries produce sufficient hormone to stimulate its growth. 
A) Obstruction within the fallopian tubes prevents the endometrial tissue from adhering to the lining of the uterus. 
B) Endometrial tissue passes through the fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity and remains responsive to hormones. 
C) Inflammation of the endometrial tissue develops after recurrent sexually transmitted diseases. 
D) Endometrial tissue lies dormant in the uterus until the ovaries produce sufficient hormone to stimulate its growth.

Question 10

Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer.
-Prostate cancer

Accepted Answer

A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk 
A) Seen with HPV infection 
B) Advanced at the time of diagnosis 
C) Most curable cancer 
D) Vasectomy increases risk

Question 11

Which dietary factor is not a risk factor for prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) High-fat diet 
B) High-protein diet 
C) High-fiber diet 
D) High-calcium diet 
A) High-fat diet 
B) High-protein diet 
C) High-fiber diet 
D) High-calcium diet

Question 12

The size of benign uterine tumors is thought to be due to the influence of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) Progesterone 
B) Estrogen 
C) Luteinizing hormone 
D) Gonadotropin-stimulating hormone 
A) Progesterone 
B) Estrogen 
C) Luteinizing hormone 
D) Gonadotropin-stimulating hormone

Question 13

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea, what anatomic structure is involved in compartment II?

Accepted Answer

A) Ovary 
B) Anterior pituitary 
C) Hypothalamus 
D) Vagina 
A) Ovary 
B) Anterior pituitary 
C) Hypothalamus 
D) Vagina

Question 14

The first sign of puberty in girls is:

Accepted Answer

A) thelarche. 
B) growth of pubic hair. 
C) menstruation. 
D) vaginal discharge. 
A) thelarche. 
B) growth of pubic hair. 
C) menstruation. 
D) vaginal discharge.

Question 15

The pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome is described as:

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease in leptin levels that reduces the hypothalamic pulsatility of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which reduces the number of follicles that mature. 
B) a disorder in the anterior pituitary that increases the follicle-stimulating hormone, which reduces the luteinizing hormone released. 
C) excessive androgens that affect follicular decline by suppressing apoptosis, enabling follicles, which normally disintegrate to survive. 
D) testosterone that stimulates androgen secretion by the ovarian stroma and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin indirectly. 
A) a decrease in leptin levels that reduces the hypothalamic pulsatility of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which reduces the number of follicles that mature. 
B) a disorder in the anterior pituitary that increases the follicle-stimulating hormone, which reduces the luteinizing hormone released. 
C) excessive androgens that affect follicular decline by suppressing apoptosis, enabling follicles, which normally disintegrate to survive. 
D) testosterone that stimulates androgen secretion by the ovarian stroma and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin indirectly.

Question 16

The acidic nature of vaginal secretions during the reproductive years provides protection against a variety of sexually transmitted pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Infertility is defined as inability to conceive after _____ months of unprotected intercourse.

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 12 
C) 18 
D) 24 
A) 6 
B) 12 
C) 18 
D) 24

Question 18

Cryptorchidism can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) a normal developmental state of the testes. 
B) an abnormal state in which there is overdevelopment of the testes. 
C) the lack of scrotum. 
D) testicular maldescent. 
A) a normal developmental state of the testes. 
B) an abnormal state in which there is overdevelopment of the testes. 
C) the lack of scrotum. 
D) testicular maldescent.

Question 19

Which tumor-related gene or protein is an oncogene that transmits a growth signal to the nucleus to stimulate tumor growth?

Accepted Answer

A) Her-2/neu 
B) Bcl-2 
C) TP53 
D) C-myc 
A) Her-2/neu 
B) Bcl-2 
C) TP53 
D) C-myc

Question 20

The first sign of puberty in boys is:

Accepted Answer

A) thickening of the scrotal skin. 
B) growth of pubic hair. 
C) enlargement of the testes. 
D) change in voice. 
A) thickening of the scrotal skin. 
B) growth of pubic hair. 
C) enlargement of the testes. 
D) change in voice.

Exam 23: Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea, what anatomic structure is involved in compartment IV?

_____ is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and usually affects postpubertal males.

Match the description with the disorder. -Spermatocele

_____ is inflammation of the glans penis.

Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer. -Penile cancer

Match the description with the disorder. -Varicocele

The leading cause of infertility is:

In a woman with endometriosis, endometrial tissue that responds to hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle may be found in the lungs.

What is a theory of causation for endometriosis?

Match the phrases with the corresponding cancer. -Prostate cancer

Which dietary factor is not a risk factor for prostate cancer?

The size of benign uterine tumors is thought to be due to the influence of which hormone?

Considering the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea, what anatomic structure is involved in compartment II?

The first sign of puberty in girls is:

The pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome is described as:

The acidic nature of vaginal secretions during the reproductive years provides protection against a variety of sexually transmitted pathogens.

Infertility is defined as inability to conceive after _____ months of unprotected intercourse.

Cryptorchidism can be defined as:

Which tumor-related gene or protein is an oncogene that transmits a growth signal to the nucleus to stimulate tumor growth?

The first sign of puberty in boys is:

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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