Question 1

Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information?

Accepted Answer

A) Archeospinothalamic tract 
B) Paleospinothalamic tract 
C) Dorsal spinothalamic tract 
D) Lateral spinothalamic tract 
A) Archeospinothalamic tract 
B) Paleospinothalamic tract 
C) Dorsal spinothalamic tract 
D) Lateral spinothalamic tract

Question 2

Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of the:

Accepted Answer

A) eyelids. 
B) sebaceous glands. 
C) meibomian glands. 
D) conjunctiva. 
A) eyelids. 
B) sebaceous glands. 
C) meibomian glands. 
D) conjunctiva.

Question 3

When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what physiologic signs of pain would a nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A) Fever and muscle weakness or reports of fatigue 
B) Irritability and depression or reports of insomnia 
C) Decreased blood pressure or reports of nausea and vomiting 
D) Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis 
A) Fever and muscle weakness or reports of fatigue 
B) Irritability and depression or reports of insomnia 
C) Decreased blood pressure or reports of nausea and vomiting 
D) Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis

Question 4

Children are more susceptible to heat stroke than are adults because:

Accepted Answer

A) children produce more metabolic heat when exercising. 
B) children have more surface area-to-mass ratio. 
C) children have more sweating capacity. 
D) a child's hypothalamus is underdeveloped. 
E) a child's ability to perceive heat is overdeveloped. 
A) children produce more metabolic heat when exercising. 
B) children have more surface area-to-mass ratio. 
C) children have more sweating capacity. 
D) a child's hypothalamus is underdeveloped. 
E) a child's ability to perceive heat is overdeveloped.

Question 5

Fever is a normal adaptive response to cytokines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What are characteristics of heat stroke?

Accepted Answer

A) Core temperatures usually reaching about 39.9° C (103.9° F) 
B) Sweat production by the face occurring even during dehydration 
C) Core temperature decreasing rapidly as heat loss from the evaporation of sweat ceases 
D) Symptoms caused by loss of sodium and prolonged sweating 
A) Core temperatures usually reaching about 39.9° C (103.9° F) 
B) Sweat production by the face occurring even during dehydration 
C) Core temperature decreasing rapidly as heat loss from the evaporation of sweat ceases 
D) Symptoms caused by loss of sodium and prolonged sweating

Question 7

Pricking one's finger with a needle would cause minimal pain, whereas cutting one's finger with a knife would produce more pain.This is an example of the _____ theory of pain.

Accepted Answer

A) gate control 
B) intensity 
C) specificity 
D) pattern 
A) gate control 
B) intensity 
C) specificity 
D) pattern

Question 8

A medication used to reverse effects of malignant hyperthermia is:

Accepted Answer

A) propranolol. 
B) diazepam. 
C) dantrolene sodium. 
D) sodium carbonate. 
A) propranolol. 
B) diazepam. 
C) dantrolene sodium. 
D) sodium carbonate.

Question 9

Temperature regulation is mediated hormonally by the thalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control theory of pain?

Accepted Answer

A) Substantia gelatinosa 
B) Marginal layer 
C) Nucleus proprius 
D) Dorsolateral tract of Lissauer 
A) Substantia gelatinosa 
B) Marginal layer 
C) Nucleus proprius 
D) Dorsolateral tract of Lissauer

Question 11

Which neurotransmitters inhibit pain in the medulla and pons?

Accepted Answer

A) Norepinephrine and serotonin 
B) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  and aspartate 
C) Glutamate and tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
D) Neurokinin A and nitric oxide 
A) Norepinephrine and serotonin 
B) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  and aspartate 
C) Glutamate and tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
D) Neurokinin A and nitric oxide

Question 12

Which hormones help diminish the febrile response?

Accepted Answer

A) Arginine vasopressin, melanocyte-stimulating hormone-alpha (MSH-α), and corticotropin-releasing factor 
B) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroxine (T4) 
C) Antidiuretic hormone, growth hormone, and aldosterone 
D) None; hormones only facilitate the increase of core body temperature. 
A) Arginine vasopressin, melanocyte-stimulating hormone-alpha (MSH-α), and corticotropin-releasing factor 
B) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroxine (T4) 
C) Antidiuretic hormone, growth hormone, and aldosterone 
D) None; hormones only facilitate the increase of core body temperature.

Question 13

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
-Scotoma

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of ability to smell 
B) Perversion of sense of taste 
C) Defective vision in half of a visual field 
D) Defect in central field of vision 
E) Involuntary movement of eyeballs 
A) Loss of ability to smell 
B) Perversion of sense of taste 
C) Defective vision in half of a visual field 
D) Defect in central field of vision 
E) Involuntary movement of eyeballs

Question 14

Persistent chronic pain produces a physiologic response similar to that of acute pain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which are characteristics of visceral pain?

Accepted Answer

A) It is sharp and well defined when transmitted by A-delta fibers. 
B) It is perceived as poorly localized and is transmitted by the sympathetic nervous system. 
C) It arises from connective tissue, muscle, bone, or skin. 
D) It is perceived as dull, aching, and poorly localized when transmitted by C fibers. 
A) It is sharp and well defined when transmitted by A-delta fibers. 
B) It is perceived as poorly localized and is transmitted by the sympathetic nervous system. 
C) It arises from connective tissue, muscle, bone, or skin. 
D) It is perceived as dull, aching, and poorly localized when transmitted by C fibers.

Question 16

Phantom pain is more likely to be experienced by people who had pain in the limb before it was amputated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Heat loss from the body via convection occurs by:

Accepted Answer

A) emanations of electromagnetic waves. 
B) transfer of heat through currents of liquids or gas. 
C) dilation of blood vessels bringing blood to skin surfaces. 
D) direct heat loss from molecule-to-molecule transfer. 
A) emanations of electromagnetic waves. 
B) transfer of heat through currents of liquids or gas. 
C) dilation of blood vessels bringing blood to skin surfaces. 
D) direct heat loss from molecule-to-molecule transfer.

Question 18

According to the specificity theory, there is a direct relationship between the intensity of pain and the extent of tissue injury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In acute hypothermia, what physiologic change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypotension 
B) Peripheral vasoconstriction 
C) Voluntary muscle movements 
D) Shivering 
A) Hypotension 
B) Peripheral vasoconstriction 
C) Voluntary muscle movements 
D) Shivering

Question 20

Match the types of chronic pain with its description. Types of pain may be used more than once.
-Thought to be caused by trauma or disease of nerves and leads to abnormal processing of sensory information by the peripheral and central nervous system

Accepted Answer

A) Myofascial pain syndrome 
B) Neuropathic pain 
C) Deafferentation pain 
D) Sympathetically maintained pain (SMP) 
A) Myofascial pain syndrome 
B) Neuropathic pain 
C) Deafferentation pain 
D) Sympathetically maintained pain (SMP)

Exam 15: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information?

Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of the:

When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what physiologic signs of pain would a nurse expect to find?

Children are more susceptible to heat stroke than are adults because:

Fever is a normal adaptive response to cytokines.

What are characteristics of heat stroke?

Pricking one's finger with a needle would cause minimal pain, whereas cutting one's finger with a knife would produce more pain.This is an example of the _____ theory of pain.

A medication used to reverse effects of malignant hyperthermia is:

Temperature regulation is mediated hormonally by the thalamus.

Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control theory of pain?

Which neurotransmitters inhibit pain in the medulla and pons?

Which hormones help diminish the febrile response?

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms. -Scotoma

Persistent chronic pain produces a physiologic response similar to that of acute pain.

Which are characteristics of visceral pain?

Phantom pain is more likely to be experienced by people who had pain in the limb before it was amputated.

Heat loss from the body via convection occurs by:

According to the specificity theory, there is a direct relationship between the intensity of pain and the extent of tissue injury.

In acute hypothermia, what physiologic change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss?

Match the types of chronic pain with its description. Types of pain may be used more than once. -Thought to be caused by trauma or disease of nerves and leads to abnormal processing of sensory information by the peripheral and central nervous system

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters