Question 1

Studies have shown that offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have _____ increased risk of developing alcoholism.

Accepted Answer

A) no 
B) a twofold 
C) a fourfold 
D) a tenfold 
A) no 
B) a twofold 
C) a fourfold 
D) a tenfold

Question 2

Cancers that cluster strongly in families include:

Accepted Answer

A) breast and colon. 
B) lung and ovarian. 
C) brain and lung. 
D) lung and brain. 
A) breast and colon. 
B) lung and ovarian. 
C) brain and lung. 
D) lung and brain.

Question 3

Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions.
-Number of persons living with the disease

Accepted Answer

A) Incidence rate effect of multiple genes 
B) Gene-environment interaction 
C) Prevalence rate at which some diseases occur 
D) Obesity 
E) Polygenic
F)Empiric risk
G)Relative risk 
A) Incidence rate effect of multiple genes 
B) Gene-environment interaction 
C) Prevalence rate at which some diseases occur 
D) Obesity 
E) Polygenic
F)Empiric risk
G)Relative risk

Question 4

A major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus is that there is:

Accepted Answer

A) partial insulin secretion. 
B) an autoimmune cause factor. 
C) insulin resistance. 
D) obesity as a common risk factor. 
A) partial insulin secretion. 
B) an autoimmune cause factor. 
C) insulin resistance. 
D) obesity as a common risk factor.

Question 5

The recurrence risk becomes higher if more than one family member has a multifactorial disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Environmental modification can reduce risk for developing diseases that have a genetic and environmental component.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Alzheimer disease is thought to have a genetic predisposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

If a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her risk of developing breast cancer is _____ times what it would otherwise be.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 10 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 10

Question 9

What is the action of angiotensin II that increases blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) It stimulates ß1-adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate. 
B) It stimulates the release of an ADH that increases water reabsorption. 
C) It stimulates the release of aldosterone to increase sodium retention. 
D) It inactivates serum bradykinin, causing vasodilation. 
A) It stimulates ß1-adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate. 
B) It stimulates the release of an ADH that increases water reabsorption. 
C) It stimulates the release of aldosterone to increase sodium retention. 
D) It inactivates serum bradykinin, causing vasodilation.

Question 10

The body weight of adopted children correlates significantly with the body weights of their adopted parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions.
-Traits caused by the combined effects of multiple genes

Accepted Answer

A) Incidence rate effect of multiple genes 
B) Gene-environment interaction 
C) Prevalence rate at which some diseases occur 
D) Obesity 
E) Polygenic
F)Empiric risk
G)Relative risk 
A) Incidence rate effect of multiple genes 
B) Gene-environment interaction 
C) Prevalence rate at which some diseases occur 
D) Obesity 
E) Polygenic
F)Empiric risk
G)Relative risk

Question 12

The _____ risk of developing a disease is expressed as the ratio of the disease rate among the exposed population to the disease rate in an unexposed population.

Accepted Answer

A) attributable 
B) contingency 
C) causal 
D) relative 
A) attributable 
B) contingency 
C) causal 
D) relative

Question 13

Breast cancer manifests in familial patterns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the prevention of obesity by:

Accepted Answer

A) regulating appetite. 
B) metabolizing fat. 
C) absorbing fat. 
D) altering satiety. 
A) regulating appetite. 
B) metabolizing fat. 
C) absorbing fat. 
D) altering satiety.

Exam 5: Genes, Environment, and Common Diseases

Studies have shown that offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have _____ increased risk of developing alcoholism.

Cancers that cluster strongly in families include:

Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions. -Number of persons living with the disease

A major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus is that there is:

The recurrence risk becomes higher if more than one family member has a multifactorial disease.

Environmental modification can reduce risk for developing diseases that have a genetic and environmental component.

Alzheimer disease is thought to have a genetic predisposition.

If a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her risk of developing breast cancer is _____ times what it would otherwise be.

What is the action of angiotensin II that increases blood pressure?

The body weight of adopted children correlates significantly with the body weights of their adopted parents.

Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions. -Traits caused by the combined effects of multiple genes

The _____ risk of developing a disease is expressed as the ratio of the disease rate among the exposed population to the disease rate in an unexposed population.

Breast cancer manifests in familial patterns.

Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the prevention of obesity by:

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive System

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adult

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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