Question 1

Which of the following describes the RNA recognition motif (RRM)?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 antiparallel β-sheets and 2 α helices 
B) 2 antiparallel β-sheets and 4 α helices 
C) 2 antiparallel β-sheets and 2 α helices 
D) 4 antiparallel β-sheets and 4 α helices 
A) 4 antiparallel β-sheets and 2 α helices 
B) 2 antiparallel β-sheets and 4 α helices 
C) 2 antiparallel β-sheets and 2 α helices 
D) 4 antiparallel β-sheets and 4 α helices A

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic of siRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) introduced into tissue culture cells by transfection 
B) chemically synthesized 10 nt dsRNA molecule 
C) exhibits maximal RNAi activity approximately 7 days after transfection 
D) enters the miRNA processing pathway at the level of the gene 
A) introduced into tissue culture cells by transfection 
B) chemically synthesized 10 nt dsRNA molecule 
C) exhibits maximal RNAi activity approximately 7 days after transfection 
D) enters the miRNA processing pathway at the level of the gene A

Question 3

Which of the following levels of translation is NOT repressed by miRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomal assembly 
B) elongation 
C) termination 
D) initiation 
A) ribosomal assembly 
B) elongation 
C) termination 
D) initiation C

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of the exosome?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a dimer-enzyme complex. 
B) It avoids indiscriminate degradation of cellular RNAs. 
C) It harbours 5'→3' exoribonuclease activity. 
D) It has a fundamental structural pattern consisting of 6 domains arranged in a ring with a central cavity. 
A) It is a dimer-enzyme complex. 
B) It avoids indiscriminate degradation of cellular RNAs. 
C) It harbours 5'→3' exoribonuclease activity. 
D) It has a fundamental structural pattern consisting of 6 domains arranged in a ring with a central cavity.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-stop decay (NSD)?

Accepted Answer

A) It is used to accumulate mRNAs devoid of a stop codon. 
B) Stalling of the ribosome at the 5'-end of the transcript recruits the cytoplasmic exosome. 
C) The exosome has a number of 5'→3' exonucleases 
D) Decay proceeds without the need for deadenylation and decapping. 
A) It is used to accumulate mRNAs devoid of a stop codon. 
B) Stalling of the ribosome at the 5'-end of the transcript recruits the cytoplasmic exosome. 
C) The exosome has a number of 5'→3' exonucleases 
D) Decay proceeds without the need for deadenylation and decapping.

Question 6

Which of the following techniques is used to determine the steady-state level of a particular mRNA at any given time?

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blot analysis 
B) Northern blot analysis 
C) SDS-PAGE 
D) column chromatography 
A) Southern blot analysis 
B) Northern blot analysis 
C) SDS-PAGE 
D) column chromatography

Question 7

Which of the following compounds identifies the structure below?

Accepted Answer

A) 4SU 
B) 5BrU 
C) 5IU 
D) 6SG 
A) 4SU 
B) 5BrU 
C) 5IU 
D) 6SG

Question 8

Which of the following carriers of siRNA is NOT correctly paired with its mechanism of delivery?

Accepted Answer

A) chemically synthesized siRNA: transfection protocol 
B) lentivirus: transfection only into dividing cells 
C) adenovirus: transient expression with DNA integration 
D) retrovirus: high transfection efficiency 
A) chemically synthesized siRNA: transfection protocol 
B) lentivirus: transfection only into dividing cells 
C) adenovirus: transient expression with DNA integration 
D) retrovirus: high transfection efficiency

Question 9

Which of the following specifies the order of assembly for some of the EJC proteins with target mRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A) UPF3;REF;UPF1;UPF2 
B) UPF2;UPF1;REF;UPF3 
C) REF;UPF3;UPF2;UPF1 
D) UPF1;REF;UPF3;UPF2 
A) UPF3;REF;UPF1;UPF2 
B) UPF2;UPF1;REF;UPF3 
C) REF;UPF3;UPF2;UPF1 
D) UPF1;REF;UPF3;UPF2

Question 10

Which of the following amino acid residues determine the binding specificity of AUBPs to RNP motif-1 (RNP1)and RNP motif-2 (RNP2)?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 His/3 Lys 
B) 3 Lys/3 Cys 
C) 3 Arg/3 Lys 
D) 3 Cys/3 Arg 
A) 3 His/3 Lys 
B) 3 Lys/3 Cys 
C) 3 Arg/3 Lys 
D) 3 Cys/3 Arg

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a part of the "unified theory of gene expression"?

Accepted Answer

A) Eukaryotic gene expression is a discontinuous process consisting of multiple steps. 
B) It includes transcription,processing,and protein synthesis. 
C) It depends on an interacting network of protein machines. 
D) Proteins involved in mRNA export to the cytoplasm for translation are part of the theory. 
A) Eukaryotic gene expression is a discontinuous process consisting of multiple steps. 
B) It includes transcription,processing,and protein synthesis. 
C) It depends on an interacting network of protein machines. 
D) Proteins involved in mRNA export to the cytoplasm for translation are part of the theory.

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of the AGO family?

Accepted Answer

A) They dissociate from the RISC to cleave the miRNA duplex. 
B) AGO₂ participates indirectly in miRNA-mediated mRNA silencing in mammalian cells. 
C) The core components are exonucleases. 
D) They are composed of 3 well-conserved domains (MID,PIW1,PA2). 
A) They dissociate from the RISC to cleave the miRNA duplex. 
B) AGO₂ participates indirectly in miRNA-mediated mRNA silencing in mammalian cells. 
C) The core components are exonucleases. 
D) They are composed of 3 well-conserved domains (MID,PIW1,PA2).

Question 13

Which of the following are higher-order RNA regulons?

Accepted Answer

A) 3'UTR regions containing AU rich elements grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
B) mRNAs encoding functionally related proteins grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
C) 3'UTR regions containing GU-rich elements grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
D) mRNAs encoding functionally different proteins grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
A) 3'UTR regions containing AU rich elements grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
B) mRNAs encoding functionally related proteins grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
C) 3'UTR regions containing GU-rich elements grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs 
D) mRNAs encoding functionally different proteins grouped by specific interaction with 1 or more RBPs

Question 14

Which of the following do miRNAs binds?

Accepted Answer

A) GREs 
B) seed elements 
C) AREs 
D) core promoters 
A) GREs 
B) seed elements 
C) AREs 
D) core promoters

Question 15

Which of the following ARE-binding proteins (AUBPs)stabilizes ARE-mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) KSRP 
B) TTP 
C) HuR 
D) BRF1 
A) KSRP 
B) TTP 
C) HuR 
D) BRF1

Question 16

Synthesized mRNAs containing mutations could potentially lead to the synthesis of toxic proteins.Which of the following mechanisms eliminates these mRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A) by nonsense-mediated decay (NM
D)  
B) by stabilizing RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) 
C) by AU-rich elements 
D) by premature termination codons (PTCs) 
A) by nonsense-mediated decay (NM
D)  
B) by stabilizing RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) 
C) by AU-rich elements 
D) by premature termination codons (PTCs)

Question 17

Which of the following describes the physiological significance of AMD?

Accepted Answer

A) AMD can serve as a regulator of gene expression during a drop in blood pH. 
B) Removal of the ARE located in the 3'UTR of c-fos mRNA leads to increased oncogenicity of c-Fos. 
C) Neuroblastoma has been linked to a significant decrease in c-myc and c-fos mRNA half-lives. 
D) Blocking the access of AMD machinery to AREs inversely correlates with life-threatening diseases. 
A) AMD can serve as a regulator of gene expression during a drop in blood pH. 
B) Removal of the ARE located in the 3'UTR of c-fos mRNA leads to increased oncogenicity of c-Fos. 
C) Neuroblastoma has been linked to a significant decrease in c-myc and c-fos mRNA half-lives. 
D) Blocking the access of AMD machinery to AREs inversely correlates with life-threatening diseases.

Question 18

Which of the following is a feature of oncoprotein mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) The AMD extends the mRNA lifetime of the proto-oncogene. 
B) It contains a 3' translated region (3'UTR)rich in A and U elements. 
C) It is highly stable. 
D) Its decay pathway is through AU-rich mediated decay (AM
D) . 
A) The AMD extends the mRNA lifetime of the proto-oncogene. 
B) It contains a 3' translated region (3'UTR)rich in A and U elements. 
C) It is highly stable. 
D) Its decay pathway is through AU-rich mediated decay (AM
D) .

Question 19

Which of the following AUBPs is known to function by out-competing other AUBPs for binding to AREs?

Accepted Answer

A) TTP 
B) AUF-1 
C) KSRP 
D) HuR 
A) TTP 
B) AUF-1 
C) KSRP 
D) HuR

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA inference (RNAi)?

Accepted Answer

A) It is conducted by non-coding RNA (miRNAs). 
B) It is mediated by cis-acting,single-stranded RNA. 
C) It is conserved in a few organisms. 
D) It is no longer used for conducting biological research. 
A) It is conducted by non-coding RNA (miRNAs). 
B) It is mediated by cis-acting,single-stranded RNA. 
C) It is conserved in a few organisms. 
D) It is no longer used for conducting biological research.

Exam 31: Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression

Which of the following describes the RNA recognition motif (RRM)?

Which of the following is a characteristic of siRNA?

Which of the following levels of translation is NOT repressed by miRNAs?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the exosome?

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-stop decay (NSD)?

Which of the following techniques is used to determine the steady-state level of a particular mRNA at any given time?

Which of the following compounds identifies the structure below?

Which of the following carriers of siRNA is NOT correctly paired with its mechanism of delivery?

Which of the following specifies the order of assembly for some of the EJC proteins with target mRNAs?

Which of the following amino acid residues determine the binding specificity of AUBPs to RNP motif-1 (RNP1)and RNP motif-2 (RNP2)?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the "unified theory of gene expression"?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the AGO family?

Which of the following are higher-order RNA regulons?

Which of the following do miRNAs binds?

Which of the following ARE-binding proteins (AUBPs)stabilizes ARE-mRNA?

Synthesized mRNAs containing mutations could potentially lead to the synthesis of toxic proteins.Which of the following mechanisms eliminates these mRNAs?

Which of the following describes the physiological significance of AMD?

Which of the following is a feature of oncoprotein mRNA?

Which of the following AUBPs is known to function by out-competing other AUBPs for binding to AREs?

Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA inference (RNAi)?

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Lipid Biosynthesis

Membranes and Membrane Transport

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Enzymes Kinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Nutrition and the Organization of Metabolism

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Recombinant Dna: Cloning and Creation of Chimeric Genes

DNA Metabolism: Replication, recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, processing, and Degradation

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

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