Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of desmolase?

Accepted Answer

A) It produces cholic acid. 
B) It is found in mitochondria of adrenal glands. 
C) It has 2 hydroxylase activities. 
D) It utilizes cytochrome P-450. 
A) It produces cholic acid. 
B) It is found in mitochondria of adrenal glands. 
C) It has 2 hydroxylase activities. 
D) It utilizes cytochrome P-450. A

Question 2

Which enzymes transform reducing equivalents derived from glycolysis in the form of NADH into NADPH?

Accepted Answer

A) malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme 
B) succinate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme 
C) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase 
D) succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase 
A) malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme 
B) succinate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme 
C) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase 
D) succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase A

Question 3

Which compound is derived from acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria and then transported out to the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A) butyrate 
B) pyruvate 
C) citrate 
D) malonate 
A) butyrate 
B) pyruvate 
C) citrate 
D) malonate C

Question 4

What is the primary site,but not the only site,of cholesterol synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) intestine 
B) muscle 
C) liver 
D) adipose tissue 
A) intestine 
B) muscle 
C) liver 
D) adipose tissue

Question 5

Which modification of the regulatory sites on acetyl-CoA carboxylase decreases the affinity for citrate,and increases the affinity for fatty acyl-CoAs?

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxylation 
B) myristoylation 
C) phosphorylation 
D) glycosylation 
A) hydroxylation 
B) myristoylation 
C) phosphorylation 
D) glycosylation

Question 6

Which of these enzymes is NOT involved in fatty acid synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase 
B) β-ketoacyl reductase 
C) β-hydroxyacyl dehydratase 
D) thiolase 
A) β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase 
B) β-ketoacyl reductase 
C) β-hydroxyacyl dehydratase 
D) thiolase

Question 7

What are the coenzymes of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A) biotin and ATP 
B) pyridoxal phosphate and TPP 
C) NADH and FAD 
D) TPP and folic acid 
A) biotin and ATP 
B) pyridoxal phosphate and TPP 
C) NADH and FAD 
D) TPP and folic acid

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a feature of fatty acid elongation?

Accepted Answer

A) addition of acetyl-CoAs 
B) uses both NADH and NADPH 
C) requires ATP and biotin 
D) uses CoA rather than ACP 
A) addition of acetyl-CoAs 
B) uses both NADH and NADPH 
C) requires ATP and biotin 
D) uses CoA rather than ACP

Question 9

Which lipids are "packaged" in the intestine for transport in the blood stream?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) HDLs 
C) LDLs 
D) VLDLs 
A) chylomicrons 
B) HDLs 
C) LDLs 
D) VLDLs

Question 10

Which hormone has been implicated in male baldness,prostate hyperplasia,and prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol 
B) stanozolol 
C) dihydrotestosterone 
D) cholesterol 
A) cortisol 
B) stanozolol 
C) dihydrotestosterone 
D) cholesterol

Question 11

Which enzyme is NOT used to catalyze reactions in the synthesis of phosphatidic acid from glycerol and dihydroxyacetone?

Accepted Answer

A) glycerol kinase 
B) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 
C) acyldihydroxyacetone-P reductase 
D) glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 
A) glycerol kinase 
B) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 
C) acyldihydroxyacetone-P reductase 
D) glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

Question 12

Which compound displays dramatic ability to dilate blood vessels and to cause aggregation of platelets?

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) platelet-activating factor 
C) estradiol 
D) arachidonic acid 
A) cholesterol 
B) platelet-activating factor 
C) estradiol 
D) arachidonic acid

Question 13

Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-ACP?

Accepted Answer

A) β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KSase) 
B) acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C) acetyl transacylase 
D) β-ketoacyl reductase 
A) β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KSase) 
B) acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C) acetyl transacylase 
D) β-ketoacyl reductase

Question 14

Which hormone promotes the activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A) insulin 
B) arachidonic acid 
C) testosterone 
D) estradiol 
A) insulin 
B) arachidonic acid 
C) testosterone 
D) estradiol

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of arachidonic acid?

Accepted Answer

A) It contains 5 cis double bonds. 
B) It is a precursor of leukotrienes and most prostaglandins. 
C) It is an omega-6 fatty acid. 
D) It can be synthesized from linoleic acid in mammals. 
A) It contains 5 cis double bonds. 
B) It is a precursor of leukotrienes and most prostaglandins. 
C) It is an omega-6 fatty acid. 
D) It can be synthesized from linoleic acid in mammals.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A) competitive inhibition by palmitoyl-CoA 
B) biotin carboxylase and transcarboxylase subunits 
C) biotin carboxyl carrier protein subunits 
D) citrate shifting the enzyme toward the active polymer 
A) competitive inhibition by palmitoyl-CoA 
B) biotin carboxylase and transcarboxylase subunits 
C) biotin carboxyl carrier protein subunits 
D) citrate shifting the enzyme toward the active polymer

Question 17

Which product is formed in E.coli when b-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP is dehydrated by b-hydroxydecanoyl thioester dehydrase,and subsequently elongated further?

Accepted Answer

A) acetoacetyl-ACP 
B) palmitoleoyl-ACP 
C) butyryl-ACP 
D) crotonyl-ACP 
A) acetoacetyl-ACP 
B) palmitoleoyl-ACP 
C) butyryl-ACP 
D) crotonyl-ACP

Question 18

Which of the following does NOT affect the regulation of fatty acid synthesis in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) malonyl-CoA binding to carnitine acyltransferase and inhibiting available substrate for ?-oxidation 
B) acyl-CoAs as inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C) insulin receptor binding maintaining acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the inactive form 
D) glucagon promoting phosphorylation and inactivation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
A) malonyl-CoA binding to carnitine acyltransferase and inhibiting available substrate for ?-oxidation 
B) acyl-CoAs as inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C) insulin receptor binding maintaining acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the inactive form 
D) glucagon promoting phosphorylation and inactivation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Question 19

Which of the following does NOT regulate acetyl-CoA carboxylase in animals?

Accepted Answer

A) allosteric stimulation by citrate 
B) phosphorylation by protein kinase A 
C) allosteric inhibition by palmitoyl-CoA 
D) allosteric stimulation by ATP 
A) allosteric stimulation by citrate 
B) phosphorylation by protein kinase A 
C) allosteric inhibition by palmitoyl-CoA 
D) allosteric stimulation by ATP

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an action of cortisol?

Accepted Answer

A) stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis in liver 
B) inhibition of protein synthesis and stimulation of protein degradation in muscle 
C) promotion of allergic and inflammatory responses 
D) exertion of an immunosuppressive effect and inhibition of wound healing 
A) stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis in liver 
B) inhibition of protein synthesis and stimulation of protein degradation in muscle 
C) promotion of allergic and inflammatory responses 
D) exertion of an immunosuppressive effect and inhibition of wound healing

Exam 9: Lipid Biosynthesis

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of desmolase?

Which enzymes transform reducing equivalents derived from glycolysis in the form of NADH into NADPH?

Which compound is derived from acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria and then transported out to the cytosol?

What is the primary site,but not the only site,of cholesterol synthesis?

Which modification of the regulatory sites on acetyl-CoA carboxylase decreases the affinity for citrate,and increases the affinity for fatty acyl-CoAs?

Which of these enzymes is NOT involved in fatty acid synthesis?

What are the coenzymes of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of fatty acid elongation?

Which lipids are "packaged" in the intestine for transport in the blood stream?

Which hormone has been implicated in male baldness,prostate hyperplasia,and prostate cancer?

Which enzyme is NOT used to catalyze reactions in the synthesis of phosphatidic acid from glycerol and dihydroxyacetone?

Which compound displays dramatic ability to dilate blood vessels and to cause aggregation of platelets?

Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-ACP?

Which hormone promotes the activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of arachidonic acid?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Which product is formed in E.coli when b-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP is dehydrated by b-hydroxydecanoyl thioester dehydrase,and subsequently elongated further?

Which of the following does NOT affect the regulation of fatty acid synthesis in humans?

Which of the following does NOT regulate acetyl-CoA carboxylase in animals?

Which of the following is NOT an action of cortisol?

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Membranes and Membrane Transport

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Enzymes Kinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Nutrition and the Organization of Metabolism

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Recombinant Dna: Cloning and Creation of Chimeric Genes

DNA Metabolism: Replication, recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, processing, and Degradation

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

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