Question 1

Which of the following occurs in the muscle as a result of cortisol?

Accepted Answer

A) activation of gluconeogenesis 
B) increased glycogen synthesis 
C) activation of the urea cycle 
D) increased degradation of muscle protein 
A) activation of gluconeogenesis 
B) increased glycogen synthesis 
C) activation of the urea cycle 
D) increased degradation of muscle protein

Question 2

Which 2 enzymes must be carefully controlled in glycogen synthesis and degradation in order to properly serve the metabolic needs of the organism?

Accepted Answer

A) glucokinase and hexokinase 
B) hexokinase and glycogen synthase 
C) glycogen synthase and glucokinase 
D) glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase 
A) glucokinase and hexokinase 
B) hexokinase and glycogen synthase 
C) glycogen synthase and glucokinase 
D) glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase

Question 3

What class of enzymes does transketolase belong to?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidoreductases 
B) isomerases 
C) transferases 
D) ligases 
A) oxidoreductases 
B) isomerases 
C) transferases 
D) ligases

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT required for pyruvate carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A) biotin covalently linked to the enzyme 
B) thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) 
C) acetyl-CoA as an allosteric activator 
D) tetrameric enzyme in the mitochondria 
A) biotin covalently linked to the enzyme 
B) thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) 
C) acetyl-CoA as an allosteric activator 
D) tetrameric enzyme in the mitochondria

Question 5

Which tandem enzyme controls the cellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate F-2,6-BP?

Accepted Answer

A) fructokinase and F-2,6-BPase 
B) F-2,6-BPase and PFK-2 
C) PFK-1 and F-2,6-BPase 
D) PFK-2 and fructokinase 
A) fructokinase and F-2,6-BPase 
B) F-2,6-BPase and PFK-2 
C) PFK-1 and F-2,6-BPase 
D) PFK-2 and fructokinase

Question 6

Which enzyme of gluconeogenesis is NOT found in the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A) PEP carboxykinase 
B) pyruvate carboxylase 
C) fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 
D) glucose-6-phosphatase 
A) PEP carboxykinase 
B) pyruvate carboxylase 
C) fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 
D) glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 7

Which of the following results can a blood test for "glycated hemoglobin" determine?

Accepted Answer

A) present blood glucose concentration 
B) average glucose concentration in the blood over the past several months 
C) level of AGEs in the blood stream 
D) blood glucose concentration over the past month 
A) present blood glucose concentration 
B) average glucose concentration in the blood over the past several months 
C) level of AGEs in the blood stream 
D) blood glucose concentration over the past month

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) glycerol 
B) lactate 
C) acetate 
D) pyruvate 
A) glycerol 
B) lactate 
C) acetate 
D) pyruvate

Question 9

Which of these effectors is required for glycogen synthase activity when the enzyme is phosphorylated?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose-1-phosphate 
B) glucose-6-phosphate 
C) fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 
D) fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 
A) glucose-1-phosphate 
B) glucose-6-phosphate 
C) fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 
D) fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

Question 10

Where is glucose from UDP-glucose transferred to so that the initiation of glycogen synthesis occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) to the tyrosine-OH group of glycogenin 
B) to the 4-position of free glucose 
C) to the 2-position of fructose 
D) to the serine-OH group of glycogen synthase 
A) to the tyrosine-OH group of glycogenin 
B) to the 4-position of free glucose 
C) to the 2-position of fructose 
D) to the serine-OH group of glycogen synthase

Question 11

Which of the following is absolutely essential for the activation of pyruvate carboxylase?

Accepted Answer

A) high concentrations of acetyl-CoA 
B) high levels of oxaloacetate 
C) high levels of TCA cycle intermediates 
D) high levels of citrate 
A) high concentrations of acetyl-CoA 
B) high levels of oxaloacetate 
C) high levels of TCA cycle intermediates 
D) high levels of citrate

Exam 21: Gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Which of the following occurs in the muscle as a result of cortisol?

Which 2 enzymes must be carefully controlled in glycogen synthesis and degradation in order to properly serve the metabolic needs of the organism?

What class of enzymes does transketolase belong to?

Which of the following is NOT required for pyruvate carboxylase?

Which tandem enzyme controls the cellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate F-2,6-BP?

Which enzyme of gluconeogenesis is NOT found in the cytosol?

Which of the following results can a blood test for "glycated hemoglobin" determine?

Which of the following is NOT a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Which of these effectors is required for glycogen synthase activity when the enzyme is phosphorylated?

Where is glucose from UDP-glucose transferred to so that the initiation of glycogen synthesis occurs?

Which of the following is absolutely essential for the activation of pyruvate carboxylase?

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Lipid Biosynthesis

Membranes and Membrane Transport

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Enzymes Kinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Nutrition and the Organization of Metabolism

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Recombinant Dna: Cloning and Creation of Chimeric Genes

DNA Metabolism: Replication, recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, processing, and Degradation

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

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