Question 1

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction below?
Ribulose-5-phosphate + ATP à ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate + ADP

Accepted Answer

A) phosphopentose isomerase 
B) phosphoribulose kinase 
C) ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase 
D) phosphopentose epimerase 
A) phosphopentose isomerase 
B) phosphoribulose kinase 
C) ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase 
D) phosphopentose epimerase

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a C-4 plant?

Accepted Answer

A) transport of carbon dioxide and reducing power from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells 
B) pyruvate-Pi dikinase 
C) expenditure of 2 high-energy phosphate bonds for each transport of carbon dioxide 
D) carbon dioxide uptake in the daytime and fixation at night 
A) transport of carbon dioxide and reducing power from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheath cells 
B) pyruvate-Pi dikinase 
C) expenditure of 2 high-energy phosphate bonds for each transport of carbon dioxide 
D) carbon dioxide uptake in the daytime and fixation at night

Question 3

When light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll,an electron is promoted to a higher orbital and then transferred to a suitable acceptor,resulting in light energy conversion to chemical energy.Which of the following terms describes this type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) isomerise 
B) mutase 
C) ligase 
D) oxidation-reduction 
A) isomerise 
B) mutase 
C) ligase 
D) oxidation-reduction

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT involved with the function of the photosynthetic unit ?

Accepted Answer

A) antenna chlorophyll 
B) the reactive centre 
C) oxidation of chlorophyll to a cationic free radical,Chl.+ 
D) the cationic free radical is the Mg²⁺ ion 
A) antenna chlorophyll 
B) the reactive centre 
C) oxidation of chlorophyll to a cationic free radical,Chl.+ 
D) the cationic free radical is the Mg²⁺ ion

Question 5

Which of the following is the equivalent of product formed,as defined by the quantum yield of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) photons 
B) coenzyme Q 
C) light input 
D) carbohydrate 
A) photons 
B) coenzyme Q 
C) light input 
D) carbohydrate

Question 6

Which of the following explains how chloroplasts differ from mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) Chloroplasts cannot generate ATP. 
B) Only mitochondria have a double membrane. 
C) In chloroplasts,the proton gradient is generated between the thylakoid lumen and the stroma. 
D) Only the mitochondrion has DNA,RNA,and ribosomes. 
A) Chloroplasts cannot generate ATP. 
B) Only mitochondria have a double membrane. 
C) In chloroplasts,the proton gradient is generated between the thylakoid lumen and the stroma. 
D) Only the mitochondrion has DNA,RNA,and ribosomes.

Question 7

Which of the following describes when does cyclic photophosphorylation take place?

Accepted Answer

A) when the NADPH/ NADP+ ratio is high and energy is used in generating ATP 
B) when NADPH is high and therefore energy is used to drive the citrate cycle 
C) when ferredoxin is used to reduce the Mn cluster 
D) when the proton gradient is not high enough to go all the way through the system 
A) when the NADPH/ NADP+ ratio is high and energy is used in generating ATP 
B) when NADPH is high and therefore energy is used to drive the citrate cycle 
C) when ferredoxin is used to reduce the Mn cluster 
D) when the proton gradient is not high enough to go all the way through the system

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of CAM plants?

Accepted Answer

A) CO₂ is fixed by rubisco during the night. 
B) The stomata are closed during the night and open during the day. 
C) They try to avoid loss of water by condensation. 
D) During the night,dicarboxylic acid is stored within the vacuoles. 
A) CO₂ is fixed by rubisco during the night. 
B) The stomata are closed during the night and open during the day. 
C) They try to avoid loss of water by condensation. 
D) During the night,dicarboxylic acid is stored within the vacuoles.

Question 9

Which of the following essential enzymes in C-4 plants is used to conserve CO₂ and avoid photophosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A) rubisco 
B) PEP carboxylase 
C) aldolase 
D) ribulose-5-phosphate kinase 
A) rubisco 
B) PEP carboxylase 
C) aldolase 
D) ribulose-5-phosphate kinase

Question 10

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the activation of rubisco?

Accepted Answer

A) carboxylation of E 
B) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate released from E 
C) rubisco activase 
D) ZN₂+ binding 
A) carboxylation of E 
B) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate released from E 
C) rubisco activase 
D) ZN₂+ binding

Question 11

Which of the following are the primary roles of carotenoids in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) accessory light harvesting and photo-oxidation 
B) resonance transfer pigments and photo-oxidation 
C) accessory light harvesting and photoprotection from reactive oxygen species 
D) resonance transfer and photodiffusion protection 
A) accessory light harvesting and photo-oxidation 
B) resonance transfer pigments and photo-oxidation 
C) accessory light harvesting and photoprotection from reactive oxygen species 
D) resonance transfer and photodiffusion protection

Question 12

In light reactions,which of the following is the reducing agent and the ultimate oxidizing agent respectively?

Accepted Answer

A) NADP+ and NADPH 
B) ADP and ATP 
C) H?O and NADP+ 
D) NADPH and NADP+ 
A) NADP+ and NADPH 
B) ADP and ATP 
C) H?O and NADP+ 
D) NADPH and NADP+

Question 13

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction below?
Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate + H₂O ↔sedoheptulose-7-phosphate + Pᵢ

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolase 
B) isomerase 
C) aldolase 
D) mutase 
A) hydrolase 
B) isomerase 
C) aldolase 
D) mutase

Question 14

Spinach chloroplasts are illuminated in the absence of ADP and Pᵢ,then the light is turned off and ADP and Pᵢ are added.ATP is then synthesized for a short time in the dark.Which of the following best explains this?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is generated from the electron gradient accumulated in the light reactions. 
B) ATP synthesis stops after the proton gradient dissipates. 
C) ATP can be generated in the dark reactions if it becomes necessary for the plant to survive. 
D) ATP synthesis can occur in the absence of light and electrons. 
A) ATP is generated from the electron gradient accumulated in the light reactions. 
B) ATP synthesis stops after the proton gradient dissipates. 
C) ATP can be generated in the dark reactions if it becomes necessary for the plant to survive. 
D) ATP synthesis can occur in the absence of light and electrons.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

A) iron-containing porphyrin 
B) planar conjugated porphyrin ring 
C) delocalized π electrons in the aromatic ring 
D) photoexcitable electrons 
A) iron-containing porphyrin 
B) planar conjugated porphyrin ring 
C) delocalized π electrons in the aromatic ring 
D) photoexcitable electrons

Question 16

Which of the following factors assists in avoiding futile cycling of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A) CO₂ fixation by Calvin cycle procession in the dark 
B) citric acid cycle,glycolysis,and oxidative phosphorylation inactivation during the light 
C) inhibition of the enzymes of the Calvin cycle by light reactions 
D) the absence of glycolytic and citric acid cycle enzymes in plants 
A) CO₂ fixation by Calvin cycle procession in the dark 
B) citric acid cycle,glycolysis,and oxidative phosphorylation inactivation during the light 
C) inhibition of the enzymes of the Calvin cycle by light reactions 
D) the absence of glycolytic and citric acid cycle enzymes in plants

Question 17

In which of the following parts of the chloroplast is chlorophyll located?

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoid membranes associated with proteins 
B) thylakoid spaces associated with rubisco 
C) inner membrane space 
D) outer membrane 
A) thylakoid membranes associated with proteins 
B) thylakoid spaces associated with rubisco 
C) inner membrane space 
D) outer membrane

Question 18

Which of the following is an outcome of ferredoxin passing electrons to cytochrome f / cytochrome b₆ complex?

Accepted Answer

A) NADH reduction 
B) cyclic flow of protons 
C) proton gradient dissipation 
D) ATP synthesis 
A) NADH reduction 
B) cyclic flow of protons 
C) proton gradient dissipation 
D) ATP synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following components are produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis and are used to convert carbon dioxide to sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP and NADPH 
B) water and ATP 
C) ATP and NADP+ 
D) light and ATP 
A) ATP and NADPH 
B) water and ATP 
C) ATP and NADP+ 
D) light and ATP

Question 20

Which of the following is the ratio of carboxylase to oxygenase activity of rubisco?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 1 
B) 2 to 1 
C) 3-4 to 1 
D) 6-8 to 1 
A) 1 to 1 
B) 2 to 1 
C) 3-4 to 1 
D) 6-8 to 1

Exam 20: Photosynthesis

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction below? Ribulose-5-phosphate + ATP à ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate + ADP

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a C-4 plant?

When light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll,an electron is promoted to a higher orbital and then transferred to a suitable acceptor,resulting in light energy conversion to chemical energy.Which of the following terms describes this type of reaction?

Which of the following is NOT involved with the function of the photosynthetic unit ?

Which of the following is the equivalent of product formed,as defined by the quantum yield of photosynthesis?

Which of the following explains how chloroplasts differ from mitochondria?

Which of the following describes when does cyclic photophosphorylation take place?

Which of the following is a characteristic of CAM plants?

Which of the following essential enzymes in C-4 plants is used to conserve CO₂ and avoid photophosphorylation?

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the activation of rubisco?

Which of the following are the primary roles of carotenoids in photosynthesis?

In light reactions,which of the following is the reducing agent and the ultimate oxidizing agent respectively?

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction below? Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate + H₂O ↔sedoheptulose-7-phosphate + Pᵢ

Spinach chloroplasts are illuminated in the absence of ADP and Pᵢ,then the light is turned off and ADP and Pᵢ are added.ATP is then synthesized for a short time in the dark.Which of the following best explains this?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chlorophyll?

Which of the following factors assists in avoiding futile cycling of carbohydrates?

In which of the following parts of the chloroplast is chlorophyll located?

Which of the following is an outcome of ferredoxin passing electrons to cytochrome f / cytochrome b₆ complex?

Which of the following components are produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis and are used to convert carbon dioxide to sugar?

Which of the following is the ratio of carboxylase to oxygenase activity of rubisco?

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Lipid Biosynthesis

Membranes and Membrane Transport

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Enzymes Kinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Nutrition and the Organization of Metabolism

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Recombinant Dna: Cloning and Creation of Chimeric Genes

DNA Metabolism: Replication, recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, processing, and Degradation

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

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