Question 1

People with an extraverted personality have what disadvantage,on average?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased probability of risky behaviors 
B) Greater risk of feeling lonely 
C) Increased risk of depression 
D) Tendency for other people to distrust them 
A) Increased probability of risky behaviors 
B) Greater risk of feeling lonely 
C) Increased risk of depression 
D) Tendency for other people to distrust them

Question 2

Which of these is widely agreed today to be an important contribution by Freud?

Accepted Answer

A) He was the first to explain behavior in terms of conflicting impulses. 
B) He was the first to introduce the idea that people have unconscious thoughts and feelings. 
C) His idea that personality results from fixation of libido at an immature stage is important. 
D) He made psychotherapy popular and interesting. 
A) He was the first to explain behavior in terms of conflicting impulses. 
B) He was the first to introduce the idea that people have unconscious thoughts and feelings. 
C) His idea that personality results from fixation of libido at an immature stage is important. 
D) He made psychotherapy popular and interesting.

Question 3

What does the learning approach to personality emphasize?

Accepted Answer

A) Stability of personality from one situation to another 
B) Careful measurement of five major personality traits 
C) Vicarious reinforcement and punishment 
D) Attempts to gain access to unconscious thoughts and memories 
A) Stability of personality from one situation to another 
B) Careful measurement of five major personality traits 
C) Vicarious reinforcement and punishment 
D) Attempts to gain access to unconscious thoughts and memories

Question 4

What did Alfred Adler recommend as a way to improve mental health?​

Accepted Answer

A) Find a healthy balance between your sexual impulses and other drives. 
B) ​Strive for the welfare of all, not just yourself. 
C) ​Follow good habits of eating, sleep, and exercise. 
D) ​Set aside time each day for quiet contemplation. 
A) Find a healthy balance between your sexual impulses and other drives. 
B) ​Strive for the welfare of all, not just yourself. 
C) ​Follow good habits of eating, sleep, and exercise. 
D) ​Set aside time each day for quiet contemplation.

Question 5

How did psychologists decide which MMPI items belong on the schizophrenia scale?

Accepted Answer

A) They used questions that people with schizophrenia answered differently from others. 
B) They used questions that pertained to the major theoretical views of schizophrenia. 
C) They took statements by patients with schizophrenia and made them into questions. 
D) They chose statements that caused conflicting activity in more than one brain area. 
A) They used questions that people with schizophrenia answered differently from others. 
B) They used questions that pertained to the major theoretical views of schizophrenia. 
C) They took statements by patients with schizophrenia and made them into questions. 
D) They chose statements that caused conflicting activity in more than one brain area.

Question 6

​In Freud's theory,what does repression do?

Accepted Answer

A) It decreases activity level. 
B) ​It keeps unacceptable thoughts out of consciousness. 
C) ​It maintains a balance among competing forces within the personality. 
D) ​If forces people to do something they don't want to do. 
A) It decreases activity level. 
B) ​It keeps unacceptable thoughts out of consciousness. 
C) ​It maintains a balance among competing forces within the personality. 
D) ​If forces people to do something they don't want to do.

Question 7

Sigmund Freud used what evidence in forming his theories?

Accepted Answer

A) Longitudinal studies of preschool children 
B) Double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments 
C) Surveys from several countries 
D) His guesses about his patients' childhood 
A) Longitudinal studies of preschool children 
B) Double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments 
C) Surveys from several countries 
D) His guesses about his patients' childhood

Question 8

Someone who is ashamed of his own interest in pornography accuses other people of liking pornography.This is a possible example of which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) Sublimation 
B) Reaction formation 
C) Displacement 
D) Projection 
A) Sublimation 
B) Reaction formation 
C) Displacement 
D) Projection

Question 9

If someone has great inhibitions and guilt feelings,what would be Freud's interpretation?

Accepted Answer

A) Strong id 
B) Strong ego 
C) Weak ego 
D) Strong superego 
A) Strong id 
B) Strong ego 
C) Weak ego 
D) Strong superego

Question 10

Why do most psychologists raise objections to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?

Accepted Answer

A) Most personality dimensions are conscious, not unconscious. 
B) Personality fluctuates substantially from one time to another. 
C) Personalities vary along continuous dimensions, not by types. 
D) The Big Five theory of personality omits other important dimensions. 
A) Most personality dimensions are conscious, not unconscious. 
B) Personality fluctuates substantially from one time to another. 
C) Personalities vary along continuous dimensions, not by types. 
D) The Big Five theory of personality omits other important dimensions.

Question 11

To convince psychologists to add a sixth trait to the Big Five personality traits,what evidence would be necessary?​

Accepted Answer

A) The sixth trait can be identified at all ages from infancy through old age. 
B) ​The sixth trait is equally strong, on average, for men and women and for all groups. 
C) ​The sixth trait varies according to the normal distribution. 
D) ​The sixth trait does not correlate highly with any of the other five. 
A) The sixth trait can be identified at all ages from infancy through old age. 
B) ​The sixth trait is equally strong, on average, for men and women and for all groups. 
C) ​The sixth trait varies according to the normal distribution. 
D) ​The sixth trait does not correlate highly with any of the other five.

Question 12

Which of these is one of the Big Five personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A) Sense of humor 
B) Religiousness 
C) Moral integrity 
D) Openness to experience 
A) Sense of humor 
B) Religiousness 
C) Moral integrity 
D) Openness to experience

Question 13

Which of Freud's theories or ideas did Karen Horney reject?​

Accepted Answer

A) Repression 
B) ​Unconscious thoughts and motives 
C) ​Penis envy 
D) ​Psychotherapy 
A) Repression 
B) ​Unconscious thoughts and motives 
C) ​Penis envy 
D) ​Psychotherapy

Question 14

To determine whether a question belonged on the depression scale of the MMPI,what question did researchers ask?

Accepted Answer

A) Does this question relate to one of the major symptoms of depression? 
B) Do most psychiatrists think this is an appropriate question to measure depression? 
C) Do most people with depression think this is an appropriate question? 
D) Do people with depression answer the question differently from other people? 
A) Does this question relate to one of the major symptoms of depression? 
B) Do most psychiatrists think this is an appropriate question to measure depression? 
C) Do most people with depression think this is an appropriate question? 
D) Do people with depression answer the question differently from other people?

Question 15

What do humanistic psychologists study more than other psychologists study?

Accepted Answer

A) People's beliefs and conscious decisions 
B) The role of classical conditioning and operant conditioning 
C) Repression of traumatic experiences 
D) Evolution of behavioral tendencies 
A) People's beliefs and conscious decisions 
B) The role of classical conditioning and operant conditioning 
C) Repression of traumatic experiences 
D) Evolution of behavioral tendencies

Question 16

​How accurate is criminal profiling,according to studies published so far?

Accepted Answer

A) It is no more accurate than random guessing. 
B) ​It is a little more accurate than an intelligent person's best guess. 
C) ​It usually leads investigators to the correct suspect. 
D) ​It is highly accurate, but it raises serious ethical issues about profiling. 
A) It is no more accurate than random guessing. 
B) ​It is a little more accurate than an intelligent person's best guess. 
C) ​It usually leads investigators to the correct suspect. 
D) ​It is highly accurate, but it raises serious ethical issues about profiling.

Question 17

How does the MMPI measure personality?​

Accepted Answer

A) From observations of actual behavior in certain situations 
B) ​From answers to true-false questions 
C) ​From measurements of brain activity 
D) ​From facial expressions while people listen to stories 
A) From observations of actual behavior in certain situations 
B) ​From answers to true-false questions 
C) ​From measurements of brain activity 
D) ​From facial expressions while people listen to stories

Question 18

Freud's therapy tried to produce which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Catharsis 
B) Reaction formation 
C) Repression 
D) Transference 
A) Catharsis 
B) Reaction formation 
C) Repression 
D) Transference

Question 19

In Freud's theory,what is a boy's fear during the phallic stage?

Accepted Answer

A) Separation from his family 
B) Rejection by children his own age 
C) A sense of inadequacy or inferiority 
D) Having his penis cut off 
A) Separation from his family 
B) Rejection by children his own age 
C) A sense of inadequacy or inferiority 
D) Having his penis cut off

Question 20

What was Freud's goal in psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A) To bring unconscious thoughts and memories into consciousness 
B) To help the person establish a style of life with more healthful goals 
C) To help the person achieve self-actualization 
D) To establish more effective behavior patterns through reinforcements 
A) To bring unconscious thoughts and memories into consciousness 
B) To help the person establish a style of life with more healthful goals 
C) To help the person achieve self-actualization 
D) To establish more effective behavior patterns through reinforcements

Exam 14: Personalitypersonality

People with an extraverted personality have what disadvantage,on average?

Which of these is widely agreed today to be an important contribution by Freud?

What does the learning approach to personality emphasize?

What did Alfred Adler recommend as a way to improve mental health?​

How did psychologists decide which MMPI items belong on the schizophrenia scale?

​In Freud's theory,what does repression do?

Sigmund Freud used what evidence in forming his theories?

Someone who is ashamed of his own interest in pornography accuses other people of liking pornography.This is a possible example of which defense mechanism?

If someone has great inhibitions and guilt feelings,what would be Freud's interpretation?

Why do most psychologists raise objections to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?

To convince psychologists to add a sixth trait to the Big Five personality traits,what evidence would be necessary?​

Which of these is one of the Big Five personality traits?

Which of Freud's theories or ideas did Karen Horney reject?​

To determine whether a question belonged on the depression scale of the MMPI,what question did researchers ask?

What do humanistic psychologists study more than other psychologists study?

​How accurate is criminal profiling,according to studies published so far?

How does the MMPI measure personality?​

Freud's therapy tried to produce which of the following?

In Freud's theory,what is a boy's fear during the phallic stage?

What was Freud's goal in psychoanalysis?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

What did Alfred Adler recommend as a way to improve mental health?

In Freud's theory,what does repression do?

To convince psychologists to add a sixth trait to the Big Five personality traits,what evidence would be necessary?

Which of Freud's theories or ideas did Karen Horney reject?

How accurate is criminal profiling,according to studies published so far?

How does the MMPI measure personality?