Question 1

Why does the evidence for suppression of an unpleasant memory fail to support Freud's concept of repression of memories?

Accepted Answer

A) Suppression occurs in childhood, whereas repression occurs in adults. 
B) Freud thought that repression occurred equally for pleasant and unpleasant memories. 
C) Intentional suppression generally improves mental health. 
D) Suppression is permanent, whereas repression is temporary. 
A) Suppression occurs in childhood, whereas repression occurs in adults. 
B) Freud thought that repression occurred equally for pleasant and unpleasant memories. 
C) Intentional suppression generally improves mental health. 
D) Suppression is permanent, whereas repression is temporary. C

Question 2

​According to Freud,what does repression cause?

Accepted Answer

A) Unawareness of something 
B) ​Anxiety 
C) ​The superego 
D) ​Progression from one psychosexual stage to the next 
A) Unawareness of something 
B) ​Anxiety 
C) ​The superego 
D) ​Progression from one psychosexual stage to the next A

Question 3

According to humanistic psychologists,which of these is highly desirable?​

Accepted Answer

A) Using reinforcement schedules to achieve specific behavioral goals 
B) ​Bringing repressed thoughts and motives to consciousness 
C) ​Analyzing behaviors and motivations into their component parts 
D) ​Relating to other people with unconditional positive regard 
A) Using reinforcement schedules to achieve specific behavioral goals 
B) ​Bringing repressed thoughts and motives to consciousness 
C) ​Analyzing behaviors and motivations into their component parts 
D) ​Relating to other people with unconditional positive regard D

Question 4

Why do introductory psychology texts put so little emphasis on Freud?​

Accepted Answer

A) Most people still consider his ideas shocking. 
B) ​Freud's views have only limited influence in psychology today. 
C) ​Freud's theories are too sophisticated for undergraduates to understand properly. 
D) ​Freud's theories relate mainly to psychiatry and not to psychology. 
A) Most people still consider his ideas shocking. 
B) ​Freud's views have only limited influence in psychology today. 
C) ​Freud's theories are too sophisticated for undergraduates to understand properly. 
D) ​Freud's theories relate mainly to psychiatry and not to psychology.

Question 5

What,if anything,can handwriting analysis reveal about someone's personality?​

Accepted Answer

A) It indicates energy level. 
B) ​It indicates amount of sex drive. 
C) ​It indicates amount of aggressive urges. 
D) ​It reveals nothing about personality. 
A) It indicates energy level. 
B) ​It indicates amount of sex drive. 
C) ​It indicates amount of aggressive urges. 
D) ​It reveals nothing about personality.

Question 6

Why are projective tests called "projective"?

Accepted Answer

A) They ask people to project their lives into the future. 
B) They gradually advance from simple questions to more difficult ones. 
C) They are based on the idea of projection as a defense mechanism. 
D) They are based on a long series of research projects. 
A) They ask people to project their lives into the future. 
B) They gradually advance from simple questions to more difficult ones. 
C) They are based on the idea of projection as a defense mechanism. 
D) They are based on a long series of research projects.

Question 7

On average,the personality of young people today differs from what their parents or grandparents showed at the same age.What does this trend demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) An actor-observer effect 
B) A genetic effect 
C) A birth order effect 
D) A cohort effect 
A) An actor-observer effect 
B) A genetic effect 
C) A birth order effect 
D) A cohort effect

Question 8

Why does the MMPI include items such as "I smile at every person I see"?

Accepted Answer

A) To measure emotional stability 
B) To measure altruism 
C) To measure happiness 
D) To measure lying 
A) To measure emotional stability 
B) To measure altruism 
C) To measure happiness 
D) To measure lying

Question 9

​Which of these statements would a humanistic psychologist reject?

Accepted Answer

A) A psychologist can understand you only by understanding your beliefs. 
B) ​People make free, deliberate, conscious decisions about how to spend their lives. 
C) ​It is helpful to reduce behavior to the sum of its component parts. 
D) ​It is important to treat people with unconditional positive regard. 
A) A psychologist can understand you only by understanding your beliefs. 
B) ​People make free, deliberate, conscious decisions about how to spend their lives. 
C) ​It is helpful to reduce behavior to the sum of its component parts. 
D) ​It is important to treat people with unconditional positive regard.

Question 10

What did Freud mean by rationalization?​

Accepted Answer

A) Going to the opposite extreme to cover up an undesirable quality 
B) ​Diverting an impulse away from its target toward a less threatening target 
C) ​Trying to argue that your actions were justified 
D) ​Attributing your undesirable qualities to someone else 
A) Going to the opposite extreme to cover up an undesirable quality 
B) ​Diverting an impulse away from its target toward a less threatening target 
C) ​Trying to argue that your actions were justified 
D) ​Attributing your undesirable qualities to someone else

Question 11

According to Freud,transforming aggressive tendencies into becoming a surgeon is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A) Projection 
B) Regression 
C) Reaction formation 
D) Sublimation 
A) Projection 
B) Regression 
C) Reaction formation 
D) Sublimation

Question 12

​What do the Rorschach inkblots and the Thematic Apperception Test have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) Both measure people's personality along six dimensions. 
B) ​Both are based on the Big Five model of personality. 
C) ​Both are considered projective tests. 
D) ​Both have high validity for diagnosing mental illnesses. 
A) Both measure people's personality along six dimensions. 
B) ​Both are based on the Big Five model of personality. 
C) ​Both are considered projective tests. 
D) ​Both have high validity for diagnosing mental illnesses.

Question 13

If you wanted to compare the personality of one country versus another,why is it necessary to get a representative sample of the whole country?

Accepted Answer

A) Population density varies from one part of the country to another. 
B) All people should think they had an equal chance to participate in the study. 
C) Personality varies, on average, from one part of the country to another. 
D) Research grants require researchers to treat all areas of the country equally. 
A) Population density varies from one part of the country to another. 
B) All people should think they had an equal chance to participate in the study. 
C) Personality varies, on average, from one part of the country to another. 
D) Research grants require researchers to treat all areas of the country equally.

Question 14

According to Freud,which of these was an important determinant of personality?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic variations in neurotransmitters 
B) Fixation of libido at an early stage 
C) Choice of one's life goals 
D) Efforts to achieve self-actualization 
A) Genetic variations in neurotransmitters 
B) Fixation of libido at an early stage 
C) Choice of one's life goals 
D) Efforts to achieve self-actualization

Question 15

Which personality trait is generally stronger in young adults than in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A) Conscientiousness 
B) Social vitality 
C) Agreeableness 
D) Emotional stability 
A) Conscientiousness 
B) Social vitality 
C) Agreeableness 
D) Emotional stability

Question 16

Which of these ideas was a contribution from Carl Jung?

Accepted Answer

A) The collective unconscious 
B) Defense mechanisms against anxiety 
C) The inferiority complex 
D) Striving for self-actualization 
A) The collective unconscious 
B) Defense mechanisms against anxiety 
C) The inferiority complex 
D) Striving for self-actualization

Question 17

What is meant by transference?

Accepted Answer

A) Diverting a behavior or thought from its natural target to a less threatening target 
B) Moving an unacceptable thought or impulse into the unconscious 
C) Attributing your own undesirable qualities to other people 
D) Reacting emotionally to a therapist because of a resemblance to someone else 
A) Diverting a behavior or thought from its natural target to a less threatening target 
B) Moving an unacceptable thought or impulse into the unconscious 
C) Attributing your own undesirable qualities to other people 
D) Reacting emotionally to a therapist because of a resemblance to someone else

Question 18

Which of these is a major problem for personality researchers?

Accepted Answer

A) The most common methods of personality research require expensive equipment. 
B) Personality varies along too few dimensions. 
C) For most people, personality has low stability over time. 
D) Self-reports are often inaccurate. 
A) The most common methods of personality research require expensive equipment. 
B) Personality varies along too few dimensions. 
C) For most people, personality has low stability over time. 
D) Self-reports are often inaccurate.

Question 19

What happens if your MMPI answers claim many rare virtues and deny common faults?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychologists will identify you as having unusually high moral standards. 
B) Psychologists will check with your family and friends to verify your answers. 
C) Psychologists will distrust your answers to other questions. 
D) Psychologists will diagnose you as having delusions of grandeur. 
A) Psychologists will identify you as having unusually high moral standards. 
B) Psychologists will check with your family and friends to verify your answers. 
C) Psychologists will distrust your answers to other questions. 
D) Psychologists will diagnose you as having delusions of grandeur.

Question 20

According to Freud,either orderliness or messiness suggests fixation at which stage?

Accepted Answer

A) Genital 
B) Anal 
C) Latent 
D) Oral 
A) Genital 
B) Anal 
C) Latent 
D) Oral

Exam 14: Personalitypersonality

Why does the evidence for suppression of an unpleasant memory fail to support Freud's concept of repression of memories?

​According to Freud,what does repression cause?

According to humanistic psychologists,which of these is highly desirable?​

Why do introductory psychology texts put so little emphasis on Freud?​

What,if anything,can handwriting analysis reveal about someone's personality?​

Why are projective tests called "projective"?

On average,the personality of young people today differs from what their parents or grandparents showed at the same age.What does this trend demonstrate?

Why does the MMPI include items such as "I smile at every person I see"?

​Which of these statements would a humanistic psychologist reject?

What did Freud mean by rationalization?​

According to Freud,transforming aggressive tendencies into becoming a surgeon is an example of what?

​What do the Rorschach inkblots and the Thematic Apperception Test have in common?

If you wanted to compare the personality of one country versus another,why is it necessary to get a representative sample of the whole country?

According to Freud,which of these was an important determinant of personality?

Which personality trait is generally stronger in young adults than in older adults?

Which of these ideas was a contribution from Carl Jung?

What is meant by transference?

Which of these is a major problem for personality researchers?

What happens if your MMPI answers claim many rare virtues and deny common faults?

According to Freud,either orderliness or messiness suggests fixation at which stage?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

According to Freud,what does repression cause?

According to humanistic psychologists,which of these is highly desirable?

Why do introductory psychology texts put so little emphasis on Freud?

What,if anything,can handwriting analysis reveal about someone's personality?

Which of these statements would a humanistic psychologist reject?

What did Freud mean by rationalization?

What do the Rorschach inkblots and the Thematic Apperception Test have in common?