Question 1

Which trait pertains to self-discipline,dutifulness,and striving for achievement?

Accepted Answer

A) Emotional stability 
B) Conscientiousness 
C) Openness 
D) Agreeableness 
A) Emotional stability 
B) Conscientiousness 
C) Openness 
D) Agreeableness

Question 2

According to Freud,transforming your sexual impulses into artworks is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A) Rationalization 
B) ​Sublimation 
C) ​Displacement 
D) ​Reaction formation 
A) Rationalization 
B) ​Sublimation 
C) ​Displacement 
D) ​Reaction formation

Question 3

What have studies of twins indicated about the causes of personality development?

Accepted Answer

A) Personality differences depend almost entirely on the environment, not heredity. 
B) Many genes contribute to differences in the major personality traits. 
C) Genes contribute to differences in extraversion, but not other personality traits. 
D) Genes contribute to differences in emotional stability, but not other personality traits. 
A) Personality differences depend almost entirely on the environment, not heredity. 
B) Many genes contribute to differences in the major personality traits. 
C) Genes contribute to differences in extraversion, but not other personality traits. 
D) Genes contribute to differences in emotional stability, but not other personality traits.

Question 4

​Why are many psychologists skeptical of the Rorschach inkblots?

Accepted Answer

A) The validity of the test is higher than the reliability. 
B) The test seldom provides valid information we could not get in other ways. 
C) Under the current system, clinicians seldom agree with each other about interpretations. 
D) The test is strongly biased against people who are less intelligent or less talkative. 
A) The validity of the test is higher than the reliability. 
B) The test seldom provides valid information we could not get in other ways. 
C) Under the current system, clinicians seldom agree with each other about interpretations. 
D) The test is strongly biased against people who are less intelligent or less talkative.

Question 5

​Which of the following poses a difficulty in evaluating personality tests?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people are unwilling to allow psychologists to evaluate their personality. 
B) ​Personality fluctuates substantially from one time to another, for most individuals. 
C) ​The personality tests with the highest validity tend to have the lowest reliability. 
D) ​Most people accept almost any assessment of themselves as valid. 
A) Most people are unwilling to allow psychologists to evaluate their personality. 
B) ​Personality fluctuates substantially from one time to another, for most individuals. 
C) ​The personality tests with the highest validity tend to have the lowest reliability. 
D) ​Most people accept almost any assessment of themselves as valid.

Question 6

Which of these facts is central in the learning approach to personality?​

Accepted Answer

A) Most people's personality remains stable over many years. 
B) ​Your behavior varies from one situation to another. 
C) ​Personality represents a conflict among id, ego, and superego. 
D) ​Personality can be described in terms of five major traits. 
A) Most people's personality remains stable over many years. 
B) ​Your behavior varies from one situation to another. 
C) ​Personality represents a conflict among id, ego, and superego. 
D) ​Personality can be described in terms of five major traits.

Question 7

How did Exner's system improve interpretation of Rorschach inkblot responses?

Accepted Answer

A) Greater agreement among clinicians 
B) ​Larger number and variety of inkblots 
C) High validity for identifying psychological disorders 
D) Greater agreement with the Big Five model of personality 
A) Greater agreement among clinicians 
B) ​Larger number and variety of inkblots 
C) High validity for identifying psychological disorders 
D) Greater agreement with the Big Five model of personality

Question 8

Which event originally sparked excitement about the possibilities of criminal profiling?​

Accepted Answer

A) A researcher discovered personality similarities among murderers. 
B) ​A mystery novel described a detective who relied on psychological methods. 
C) ​A personality theorist argued that certain traits led to habitual crime. 
D) ​A psychiatrist exaggerated his role in finding the mad bomber. 
A) A researcher discovered personality similarities among murderers. 
B) ​A mystery novel described a detective who relied on psychological methods. 
C) ​A personality theorist argued that certain traits led to habitual crime. 
D) ​A psychiatrist exaggerated his role in finding the mad bomber.

Question 9

Which of these is characteristic of a self-actualized personality?

Accepted Answer

A) Highly concerned with personal success 
B) Obedient to authority 
C) Dominated by strong habits 
D) Independent and creative 
A) Highly concerned with personal success 
B) Obedient to authority 
C) Dominated by strong habits 
D) Independent and creative

Question 10

What do humanistic psychologists believe?

Accepted Answer

A) Personality depends on people's beliefs and perceptions. 
B) The way to understand behavior is to reduce it to its component parts. 
C) Most of human behavior results from unconscious influences. 
D) Personality can be described in terms of a few major traits. 
A) Personality depends on people's beliefs and perceptions. 
B) The way to understand behavior is to reduce it to its component parts. 
C) Most of human behavior results from unconscious influences. 
D) Personality can be described in terms of a few major traits.

Question 11

What is extraversion?

Accepted Answer

A) Tendency to minimize anger and hostility 
B) Enjoyment of new intellectual experiences and new ideas 
C) Striving for a sense of accomplishment 
D) Seeking excitement and enjoying others' company 
A) Tendency to minimize anger and hostility 
B) Enjoyment of new intellectual experiences and new ideas 
C) Striving for a sense of accomplishment 
D) Seeking excitement and enjoying others' company

Question 12

By what research procedure did psychologists identify the Big Five personality factors?

Accepted Answer

A) They measured the effects of changes in several neurotransmitter receptors. 
B) They identified clusters of words with overlapping meanings that describe personality. 
C) They found five major ways in which psychotherapy leads to behavior change. 
D) They surveyed psychologists, psychiatrists, and school counselors. 
A) They measured the effects of changes in several neurotransmitter receptors. 
B) They identified clusters of words with overlapping meanings that describe personality. 
C) They found five major ways in which psychotherapy leads to behavior change. 
D) They surveyed psychologists, psychiatrists, and school counselors.

Question 13

Which approach to personality emphasizes the ways in which your personality differs from one situation to another?

Accepted Answer

A) Carl Jung's theory 
B) Sigmund Freud's theory 
C) The learning approach 
D) The trait approach 
A) Carl Jung's theory 
B) Sigmund Freud's theory 
C) The learning approach 
D) The trait approach

Question 14

What term refers to reacting emotionally to your therapist because the therapist reminds you of your parent or spouse?

Accepted Answer

A) Reaction formation 
B) Transference 
C) Self-actualization 
D) Free association 
A) Reaction formation 
B) Transference 
C) Self-actualization 
D) Free association

Question 15

How does the Rorschach inkblot test differ from the MMPI and similar tests?​

Accepted Answer

A) The Rorschach inkblots rely entirely on nonverbal responses. 
B) ​The Rorschach inkblots have a strict time limit. 
C) ​The Rorschach inkblots have intentionally vague instructions. 
D) ​The Rorschach inkblots permit people to ask someone else for advice. 
A) The Rorschach inkblots rely entirely on nonverbal responses. 
B) ​The Rorschach inkblots have a strict time limit. 
C) ​The Rorschach inkblots have intentionally vague instructions. 
D) ​The Rorschach inkblots permit people to ask someone else for advice.

Question 16

According to Freud,what was the order of stages of psychosexual development?

Accepted Answer

A) Anal, latent, oral, genital, phallic 
B) Latent, oral, anal, genital, phallic 
C) Latent, anal, oral, genital, phallic 
D) Oral, anal, phallic, latent, genital 
A) Anal, latent, oral, genital, phallic 
B) Latent, oral, anal, genital, phallic 
C) Latent, anal, oral, genital, phallic 
D) Oral, anal, phallic, latent, genital

Question 17

In Carl Jung's theory,where did the collective unconscious come from?

Accepted Answer

A) The cumulative experience of previous generations 
B) Thoughts that were repressed because they were unacceptable 
C) Episodic memories that were forgotten in early childhood 
D) Extrasensory perception 
A) The cumulative experience of previous generations 
B) Thoughts that were repressed because they were unacceptable 
C) Episodic memories that were forgotten in early childhood 
D) Extrasensory perception

Question 18

What did Alfred Adler mean by "social interest"?​

Accepted Answer

A) Enjoyment of social activities 
B) ​Use of Facebook and other social media 
C) ​Interest in the welfare of other people 
D) ​Being attractive to other people 
A) Enjoyment of social activities 
B) ​Use of Facebook and other social media 
C) ​Interest in the welfare of other people 
D) ​Being attractive to other people

Question 19

What was Jung's evidence for archetypes and the collective unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A) Similarities in facial expressions of emotion in cultures throughout the world 
B) Similarities in answers to survey questions in cultures throughout the world 
C) Similarities in the art and folklore of cultures throughout the world 
D) Differences in prevalence of mental illnesses in cultures throughout the world 
A) Similarities in facial expressions of emotion in cultures throughout the world 
B) Similarities in answers to survey questions in cultures throughout the world 
C) Similarities in the art and folklore of cultures throughout the world 
D) Differences in prevalence of mental illnesses in cultures throughout the world

Question 20

When questionnaire studies appear to show that men have higher self-esteem than women,what else is it possible that the scores mean?

Accepted Answer

A) The women had higher goals than the men. 
B) The women were higher in extraversion. 
C) The women were, on average, older than the men. 
D) The women were, on average, younger than the men. 
A) The women had higher goals than the men. 
B) The women were higher in extraversion. 
C) The women were, on average, older than the men. 
D) The women were, on average, younger than the men.

Exam 14: Personalitypersonality

Which trait pertains to self-discipline,dutifulness,and striving for achievement?

According to Freud,transforming your sexual impulses into artworks is an example of what?

What have studies of twins indicated about the causes of personality development?

​Why are many psychologists skeptical of the Rorschach inkblots?

​Which of the following poses a difficulty in evaluating personality tests?

Which of these facts is central in the learning approach to personality?​

How did Exner's system improve interpretation of Rorschach inkblot responses?

Which event originally sparked excitement about the possibilities of criminal profiling?​

Which of these is characteristic of a self-actualized personality?

What do humanistic psychologists believe?

What is extraversion?

By what research procedure did psychologists identify the Big Five personality factors?

Which approach to personality emphasizes the ways in which your personality differs from one situation to another?

What term refers to reacting emotionally to your therapist because the therapist reminds you of your parent or spouse?

How does the Rorschach inkblot test differ from the MMPI and similar tests?​

According to Freud,what was the order of stages of psychosexual development?

In Carl Jung's theory,where did the collective unconscious come from?

What did Alfred Adler mean by "social interest"?​

What was Jung's evidence for archetypes and the collective unconscious?

When questionnaire studies appear to show that men have higher self-esteem than women,what else is it possible that the scores mean?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

Why are many psychologists skeptical of the Rorschach inkblots?

Which of the following poses a difficulty in evaluating personality tests?

Which of these facts is central in the learning approach to personality?

Which event originally sparked excitement about the possibilities of criminal profiling?

How does the Rorschach inkblot test differ from the MMPI and similar tests?

What did Alfred Adler mean by "social interest"?