Exam 14: A: Personalitypersonality

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How did psychologists determine which items to include on the MMPI?

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They started with a long list of possible true-false items and asked various types of people to answer them.Then they identified all the items that,on average,people with certain disorders answered differently from other people.Each of those items became part of the scale to measure that personality disorder.

If 95 percent of people with a rare disorder give a particular pattern of answers on a personality test,and only 5 percent of other people give that pattern,then the results of the test provide a valid basis for diagnosing that disorder.

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Researchers have identified several genes that produce large effects on personality.​

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The personality test that was designed to measure the Big Five personality traits is the _____________.

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According to Freud,the part of personality that demands immediate satisfaction of sexual and other biological urges is called the _____.

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The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)is a test of normal personality,loosely based on the personality theory of __________.

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​Early in Freud's career he changed his theory of what was responsible for neurotic behavior.What was his earlier view,what was his later view,and what evidence did he have for either?

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Freud based his theories on careful studies of personality development during childhood and adolescence.

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​A psychologist administering the Rorschach inkblot test gives precise instructions and examples about how to respond.

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A personality trait is more temporary than a personality state.

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People's tendency to accept almost any vague description of their personality is the _________ effect.

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According to Freud,a young boy goes through a stage of feeling sexual attraction to his mother and aggression toward his father.Freud called this stage the ___________ complex.​

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How does the MMPI identify people who might be lying to try to look good?

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​Criminal profiling is more accurate than random guessing.

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Psychologists derived the Big Five model of personality from an analysis of the English language.

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​According to Freud,the motivated removal of a thought or memory to the unconscious is called ______________.

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Handwriting analysis reveals several important points about personality.

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What type of motivation did Alfred Adler emphasize? What did he recommend as a way to improve mental health?

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​Substantial research supports Freud's proposal that neurosis results from fixation at an early stage of psychosexual development.

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If researchers have established rules and norms for how to administer a test and interpret each individual's results,then the test is said to be_______________.

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