Question 1

Which method is best for measuring the validity of criminal profilers?

Accepted Answer

A) Compare profilers' accuracy to that of other people who had the same information. 
B) Ask police investigators how often they found profilers' advice to be helpful. 
C) See how many cases were solved after receiving advice from profilers. 
D) Determine the percentage of statements by profilers that turn out to be correct. 
A) Compare profilers' accuracy to that of other people who had the same information. 
B) Ask police investigators how often they found profilers' advice to be helpful. 
C) See how many cases were solved after receiving advice from profilers. 
D) Determine the percentage of statements by profilers that turn out to be correct.

Question 2

Which personality trait is associated with a low tendency to feel anxiety or hostility?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraversion 
B) Openness to experience 
C) Emotional stability 
D) Agreeableness 
A) Extraversion 
B) Openness to experience 
C) Emotional stability 
D) Agreeableness

Question 3

What is characteristic of the idiographic approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

A) Emphasis on the distinction between conscious and unconscious influences 
B) Attempts to understand and produce personalities that are better than normal 
C) Intensive studies of what makes each person unique 
D) Search for broad, general principles of personality 
A) Emphasis on the distinction between conscious and unconscious influences 
B) Attempts to understand and produce personalities that are better than normal 
C) Intensive studies of what makes each person unique 
D) Search for broad, general principles of personality

Question 4

Which trait is associated with seeking stimulation and enjoying others' company?

Accepted Answer

A) Openness 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Emotional stability 
D) Extraversion 
A) Openness 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Emotional stability 
D) Extraversion

Question 5

​Someone who is distressed about liking pornography goes to the opposite extreme and campaigns for abolishing pornography.This is a possible example of which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) Displacement 
B) Sublimation 
C) Projection 
D) Reaction formation 
A) Displacement 
B) Sublimation 
C) Projection 
D) Reaction formation

Question 6

Which psychologists try to understand people's abstract beliefs and spiritual experiences?​

Accepted Answer

A) Psychoanalysts 
B) ​Neuroscientists 
C) ​Humanistic psychologists 
D) ​Behaviorists 
A) Psychoanalysts 
B) ​Neuroscientists 
C) ​Humanistic psychologists 
D) ​Behaviorists

Question 7

Which of the Big Five personality traits correlates most strongly with happiness?​

Accepted Answer

A) Openness to experience 
B) ​Conscientiousness 
C) ​Agreeableness 
D) ​Extraversion 
A) Openness to experience 
B) ​Conscientiousness 
C) ​Agreeableness 
D) ​Extraversion

Question 8

The NEO PI-R is more suitable than the MMPI for what purpose?

Accepted Answer

A) For measuring normal personality 
B) For detecting possible mental illness 
C) For dealing with people who do not speak English 
D) For detecting personality traits that people do not want to admit 
A) For measuring normal personality 
B) For detecting possible mental illness 
C) For dealing with people who do not speak English 
D) For detecting personality traits that people do not want to admit

Question 9

Which personality trait tends to decrease as people grow older?

Accepted Answer

A) Agreeableness 
B) Conscientiousness 
C) Social vitality 
D) Emotional stability 
A) Agreeableness 
B) Conscientiousness 
C) Social vitality 
D) Emotional stability

Question 10

What evidence (if true)would show importance of "shared environment" in personality development?

Accepted Answer

A) A strong correlation between parents and their biological children 
B) A strong correlation between parents and their adopted children 
C) A strong correlation between monozygotic twins 
D) A weak correlation between parents and their biological children 
A) A strong correlation between parents and their biological children 
B) A strong correlation between parents and their adopted children 
C) A strong correlation between monozygotic twins 
D) A weak correlation between parents and their biological children

Question 11

​In Freud's theory,what causes a thought,desire,or memory to become unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A) Repression 
B) ​The id 
C) ​Sublimation 
D) Reaction formation 
A) Repression 
B) ​The id 
C) ​Sublimation 
D) Reaction formation

Question 12

What is characteristic of the nomothetic approach to personality?​

Accepted Answer

A) Emphasis on the distinction between conscious and unconscious influences 
B) ​Attempts to understand and produce personalities that are better than normal 
C) ​Intensive studies of what makes each person unique 
D) ​Search for broad, general principles of personality 
A) Emphasis on the distinction between conscious and unconscious influences 
B) ​Attempts to understand and produce personalities that are better than normal 
C) ​Intensive studies of what makes each person unique 
D) ​Search for broad, general principles of personality

Question 13

How would researchers decide whether "I want to be left alone" is a good question for the MMPI depression scale?

Accepted Answer

A) See whether the diagnostic criteria for depression include anything similar to this. 
B) Conduct a survey of psychiatrists to see whether they think this is a good question. 
C) Conduct a survey of patients with depression to see whether they think this is a good question. 
D) See whether people with depression answer "true" more often than other people. 
A) See whether the diagnostic criteria for depression include anything similar to this. 
B) Conduct a survey of psychiatrists to see whether they think this is a good question. 
C) Conduct a survey of patients with depression to see whether they think this is a good question. 
D) See whether people with depression answer "true" more often than other people.

Question 14

Which of these ideas did Alfred Adler introduce?

Accepted Answer

A) Repression 
B) Id, ego, and superego 
C) Inferiority complex 
D) Collective unconscious 
A) Repression 
B) Id, ego, and superego 
C) Inferiority complex 
D) Collective unconscious

Question 15

What do psychodynamic theories of personality emphasize?

Accepted Answer

A) Careful measurement of personality traits 
B) Conflicting conscious and unconscious forces 
C) Spiritual experiences and the values that people live by 
D) The effects of rewards and punishments in previous, similar situations 
A) Careful measurement of personality traits 
B) Conflicting conscious and unconscious forces 
C) Spiritual experiences and the values that people live by 
D) The effects of rewards and punishments in previous, similar situations

Question 16

​In Freud's theory,lasting worries about dependence and independence suggest fixation at what stage?

Accepted Answer

A) Genital 
B) ​Anal 
C) ​Latent 
D) ​Oral 
A) Genital 
B) ​Anal 
C) ​Latent 
D) ​Oral

Question 17

​In which of these ways did Carl Jung differ most strongly from Freud?

Accepted Answer

A) Jung traced personality differences to genetics and neurotransmitters. 
B) ​Jung rejected the idea that we could infer anything from the content of dreams. 
C) ​Jung put more emphasis on adult personality change, and less on childhood. 
D) ​Jung rejected the idea that unconscious ideas influence behavior or personality. 
A) Jung traced personality differences to genetics and neurotransmitters. 
B) ​Jung rejected the idea that we could infer anything from the content of dreams. 
C) ​Jung put more emphasis on adult personality change, and less on childhood. 
D) ​Jung rejected the idea that unconscious ideas influence behavior or personality.

Question 18

Someone who listens to only one side of an argument accuses opponents of failing to consider both sides.This is apparently an example of which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) Reaction formation 
B) Regression 
C) Projection 
D) Sublimation 
A) Reaction formation 
B) Regression 
C) Projection 
D) Sublimation

Question 19

What type of instructions does a psychologist give for the Rorschach inkblots?​

Accepted Answer

A) Instructions to concentrate on emotions and motivations 
B) ​Instructions to relate the blots to your own life 
C) ​Intentionally vague instructions 
D) ​Instructions to follow certain examples 
A) Instructions to concentrate on emotions and motivations 
B) ​Instructions to relate the blots to your own life 
C) ​Intentionally vague instructions 
D) ​Instructions to follow certain examples

Question 20

Personality tests suggest that which of the following has increased from one cohort to the next?

Accepted Answer

A) Obedience 
B) Conformity 
C) Conscientiousness 
D) Anxiety 
A) Obedience 
B) Conformity 
C) Conscientiousness 
D) Anxiety

Exam 14: Personalitypersonality

Which method is best for measuring the validity of criminal profilers?

Which personality trait is associated with a low tendency to feel anxiety or hostility?

What is characteristic of the idiographic approach to personality?

Which trait is associated with seeking stimulation and enjoying others' company?

​Someone who is distressed about liking pornography goes to the opposite extreme and campaigns for abolishing pornography.This is a possible example of which defense mechanism?

Which psychologists try to understand people's abstract beliefs and spiritual experiences?​

Which of the Big Five personality traits correlates most strongly with happiness?​

The NEO PI-R is more suitable than the MMPI for what purpose?

Which personality trait tends to decrease as people grow older?

What evidence (if true)would show importance of "shared environment" in personality development?

​In Freud's theory,what causes a thought,desire,or memory to become unconscious?

What is characteristic of the nomothetic approach to personality?​

How would researchers decide whether "I want to be left alone" is a good question for the MMPI depression scale?

Which of these ideas did Alfred Adler introduce?

What do psychodynamic theories of personality emphasize?

​In Freud's theory,lasting worries about dependence and independence suggest fixation at what stage?

​In which of these ways did Carl Jung differ most strongly from Freud?

Someone who listens to only one side of an argument accuses opponents of failing to consider both sides.This is apparently an example of which defense mechanism?

What type of instructions does a psychologist give for the Rorschach inkblots?​

Personality tests suggest that which of the following has increased from one cohort to the next?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

Someone who is distressed about liking pornography goes to the opposite extreme and campaigns for abolishing pornography.This is a possible example of which defense mechanism?

Which psychologists try to understand people's abstract beliefs and spiritual experiences?

Which of the Big Five personality traits correlates most strongly with happiness?

In Freud's theory,what causes a thought,desire,or memory to become unconscious?

What is characteristic of the nomothetic approach to personality?

In Freud's theory,lasting worries about dependence and independence suggest fixation at what stage?

In which of these ways did Carl Jung differ most strongly from Freud?

What type of instructions does a psychologist give for the Rorschach inkblots?