Question 1

What causes narcolepsy?​

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of the brain cells that produce orexin 
B) ​A habit of relying on alcohol or tranquilizers to get to sleep 
C) ​Repressed memories of abusive childhood experiences 
D) ​Fat deposits that narrow the breathing passages 
A) Loss of the brain cells that produce orexin 
B) ​A habit of relying on alcohol or tranquilizers to get to sleep 
C) ​Repressed memories of abusive childhood experiences 
D) ​Fat deposits that narrow the breathing passages

Question 2

Which of the following discovered hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud 
B) Carl Jung 
C) Franz Mesmer 
D) Wilhelm Wundt 
A) Sigmund Freud 
B) Carl Jung 
C) Franz Mesmer 
D) Wilhelm Wundt

Question 3

When Franz Mesmer discovered the phenomenon we now call hypnosis,what explanation did he give?

Accepted Answer

A) Extrasensory perception 
B) Synchrony of action potentials 
C) Magnetism generated by his body 
D) Power of suggestion 
A) Extrasensory perception 
B) Synchrony of action potentials 
C) Magnetism generated by his body 
D) Power of suggestion

Question 4

The fact that people in eastern Germany prefer to wake up about half an hour earlier than those in western Germany supports which of these conclusions?​

Accepted Answer

A) Sunrise resets the circadian rhythm. 
B) ​Older people are more likely than young people to be "morning people." 
C) ​Cycling through the stages of sleep takes about 90 minutes, on average. 
D) ​REM sleep is more common at some times of night than at others. 
A) Sunrise resets the circadian rhythm. 
B) ​Older people are more likely than young people to be "morning people." 
C) ​Cycling through the stages of sleep takes about 90 minutes, on average. 
D) ​REM sleep is more common at some times of night than at others.

Question 5

What do night terrors and sleepwalking have in common with each other?

Accepted Answer

A) They become more common in old age. 
B) They result from a lack of orexin in the brain. 
C) They occur as a result of obesity. 
D) They occur during non-REM sleep. 
A) They become more common in old age. 
B) They result from a lack of orexin in the brain. 
C) They occur as a result of obesity. 
D) They occur during non-REM sleep.

Question 6

​Shifting to daylight saving time in spring (awakening earlier)is comparable to jet leg from traveling which direction?

Accepted Answer

A) East to west 
B) ​West to east 
C) ​North to south 
D) ​South to north 
A) East to west 
B) ​West to east 
C) ​North to south 
D) ​South to north

Question 7

Several studies indicate that brain activity preparing for a movement starts before the conscious decision to make the movement.Why is the interpretation of results uncertain?​

Accepted Answer

A) The results vary drastically from one culture to another. 
B) ​Researchers cannot accurately measure the time of a brain activity. 
C) ​People cannot accurately report the time when they made the movement. 
D) ​Voluntary decisions are gradual and difficult to pinpoint in time. 
A) The results vary drastically from one culture to another. 
B) ​Researchers cannot accurately measure the time of a brain activity. 
C) ​People cannot accurately report the time when they made the movement. 
D) ​Voluntary decisions are gradual and difficult to pinpoint in time.

Question 8

Sleep lasts longest per day in which animal species?​

Accepted Answer

A) Whales 
B) ​Predators 
C) ​Humans 
D) ​Hoofed animals 
A) Whales 
B) ​Predators 
C) ​Humans 
D) ​Hoofed animals

Question 9

During binocular rivalry,what is the viewer's experience?

Accepted Answer

A) A totally blank field 
B) A compromise that partly resembles each of two images 
C) Two visual images at the same time 
D) Alternation between one image and the other 
A) A totally blank field 
B) A compromise that partly resembles each of two images 
C) Two visual images at the same time 
D) Alternation between one image and the other

Question 10

What is the effect,if any,of sleep on memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Sleep strengthens recent memories but does not improve new learning. 
B) Sleep improves new learning but does not affect recent memories. 
C) Sleep strengthens recent memories and improves the next day's learning. 
D) Sleep has no effect on either learning or memory. 
A) Sleep strengthens recent memories but does not improve new learning. 
B) Sleep improves new learning but does not affect recent memories. 
C) Sleep strengthens recent memories and improves the next day's learning. 
D) Sleep has no effect on either learning or memory.

Question 11

What do investigators observe to determine someone's stage of sleep?​

Accepted Answer

A) Finger movements 
B) ​Body temperature 
C) ​Brain waves 
D) ​Sleep position 
A) Finger movements 
B) ​Body temperature 
C) ​Brain waves 
D) ​Sleep position

Question 12

When people have to shift from one work schedule to another,which of the following helps them adjust to the shift most easily?​

Accepted Answer

A) Shift to a schedule that starts work a few hours earlier in the day. 
B) ​Shift to a schedule that starts work a few hours later in the day. 
C) ​Shift the schedule frequently, at least once a week. 
D) ​Keep the lights dim for people working the late night shift. 
A) Shift to a schedule that starts work a few hours earlier in the day. 
B) ​Shift to a schedule that starts work a few hours later in the day. 
C) ​Shift the schedule frequently, at least once a week. 
D) ​Keep the lights dim for people working the late night shift.

Question 13

What does the evidence say about the statement that you would do nothing under hypnosis that you would refuse to do otherwise?​

Accepted Answer

A) The statement is incorrect. Hypnotists can get people to do almost anything. 
B) ​The statement is correct. People inevitably refuse to do anything they do not ordinarily do. 
C) ​The evidence is unclear. The only research on this topic used chronic mental patients. 
D) ​The evidence is unclear. People under hypnosis will do some strange or dangerous acts, but so will many people who are not under hypnosis. 
A) The statement is incorrect. Hypnotists can get people to do almost anything. 
B) ​The statement is correct. People inevitably refuse to do anything they do not ordinarily do. 
C) ​The evidence is unclear. The only research on this topic used chronic mental patients. 
D) ​The evidence is unclear. People under hypnosis will do some strange or dangerous acts, but so will many people who are not under hypnosis.

Question 14

​How does blindness relate to visual dreams?

Accepted Answer

A) People who have eye damage after early childhood can still have visual dreams. 
B) ​People who suffered complete damage to the visual cortex can still have visual dreams. 
C) ​All blind people, regardless of the cause, stop having visual dreams. 
D) ​All blind people, regardless of the cause, continue having visual dreams. 
A) People who have eye damage after early childhood can still have visual dreams. 
B) ​People who suffered complete damage to the visual cortex can still have visual dreams. 
C) ​All blind people, regardless of the cause, stop having visual dreams. 
D) ​All blind people, regardless of the cause, continue having visual dreams.

Question 15

What is one likely explanation for why cats and bats evolved a tendency to sleep many hours?

Accepted Answer

A) They have little risk of being attacked during their sleep. 
B) They are less physically active during the day than other species. 
C) They eat diets that are relatively low in calories. 
D) They have smaller brains, compared to other species of similar size. 
A) They have little risk of being attacked during their sleep. 
B) They are less physically active during the day than other species. 
C) They eat diets that are relatively low in calories. 
D) They have smaller brains, compared to other species of similar size.

Question 16

Which of these is NOT true for REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) Dreams are more likely to occur than during other sleep stages. 
B) Brain activity is similar to that in stage 1 sleep. 
C) The eyes move back and forth. 
D) The body's major postural muscles are tense and active. 
A) Dreams are more likely to occur than during other sleep stages. 
B) Brain activity is similar to that in stage 1 sleep. 
C) The eyes move back and forth. 
D) The body's major postural muscles are tense and active.

Question 17

What do backward masking,flash suppression,and binocular rivalry have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They are ways to measure the current activity of various brain areas. 
B) They are ways to increase arousal of a patient in a minimally conscious state. 
C) They are ways to probe the motivations and emotions of the unconscious mind. 
D) They are ways to present a stimulus so someone will not be conscious of it. 
A) They are ways to measure the current activity of various brain areas. 
B) They are ways to increase arousal of a patient in a minimally conscious state. 
C) They are ways to probe the motivations and emotions of the unconscious mind. 
D) They are ways to present a stimulus so someone will not be conscious of it.

Question 18

To test whether hypnotized subjects might do anything they would ordinarily refuse to do,a researcher asked hypnotized people to pick up a venomous snake and to do other dangerous acts.Why were the results difficult to interpret?​

Accepted Answer

A) Although they did the dangerous acts, so did many people who were not hypnotized. 
B) ​Although they did the dangerous acts, most of these participants were mental patients. 
C) ​Although they refused to do the dangerous acts, they were not deeply hypnotized. 
D) ​Although they refused to do the dangerous acts, the hypnotist was not trying very hard. 
A) Although they did the dangerous acts, so did many people who were not hypnotized. 
B) ​Although they did the dangerous acts, most of these participants were mental patients. 
C) ​Although they refused to do the dangerous acts, they were not deeply hypnotized. 
D) ​Although they refused to do the dangerous acts, the hypnotist was not trying very hard.

Question 19

What do the following have in common: Awakening and finding yourself unable to move,sleepwalking,and lucid dreaming?​

Accepted Answer

A) The unconscious mind is overruling the conscious mind. 
B) ​Mental activity is operating independently of brain activity. 
C) ​Part of the brain is awake while another part is asleep. 
D) ​REM sleep and stage 4 sleep are happening at the same time. 
A) The unconscious mind is overruling the conscious mind. 
B) ​Mental activity is operating independently of brain activity. 
C) ​Part of the brain is awake while another part is asleep. 
D) ​REM sleep and stage 4 sleep are happening at the same time.

Question 20

If you were on a submarine deep in the ocean with artificial light that was constant at all times,what would happen to your rhythm of wakefulness and sleepiness?​

Accepted Answer

A) You would feel wakeful and sleepy on an irregular, unpredictable schedule. 
B) ​You would feel a constant state of low-alertness wakefulness. 
C) ​You would continue feeling wakeful and sleepy on a nearly 24-hour basis. 
D) ​You would feel sleepy after any physical exertion, and wakeful about 8 hours later. 
A) You would feel wakeful and sleepy on an irregular, unpredictable schedule. 
B) ​You would feel a constant state of low-alertness wakefulness. 
C) ​You would continue feeling wakeful and sleepy on a nearly 24-hour basis. 
D) ​You would feel sleepy after any physical exertion, and wakeful about 8 hours later.

Exam 10: Consciousnessconsciousness

What causes narcolepsy?​

Which of the following discovered hypnosis?

When Franz Mesmer discovered the phenomenon we now call hypnosis,what explanation did he give?

The fact that people in eastern Germany prefer to wake up about half an hour earlier than those in western Germany supports which of these conclusions?​

What do night terrors and sleepwalking have in common with each other?

​Shifting to daylight saving time in spring (awakening earlier)is comparable to jet leg from traveling which direction?

Several studies indicate that brain activity preparing for a movement starts before the conscious decision to make the movement.Why is the interpretation of results uncertain?​

Sleep lasts longest per day in which animal species?​

During binocular rivalry,what is the viewer's experience?

What is the effect,if any,of sleep on memory?

What do investigators observe to determine someone's stage of sleep?​

When people have to shift from one work schedule to another,which of the following helps them adjust to the shift most easily?​

What does the evidence say about the statement that you would do nothing under hypnosis that you would refuse to do otherwise?​

​How does blindness relate to visual dreams?

What is one likely explanation for why cats and bats evolved a tendency to sleep many hours?

Which of these is NOT true for REM sleep?

What do backward masking,flash suppression,and binocular rivalry have in common?

To test whether hypnotized subjects might do anything they would ordinarily refuse to do,a researcher asked hypnotized people to pick up a venomous snake and to do other dangerous acts.Why were the results difficult to interpret?​

What do the following have in common: Awakening and finding yourself unable to move,sleepwalking,and lucid dreaming?​

If you were on a submarine deep in the ocean with artificial light that was constant at all times,what would happen to your rhythm of wakefulness and sleepiness?​

What Is Psychology

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A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

Personalitypersonality

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Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

What causes narcolepsy?

The fact that people in eastern Germany prefer to wake up about half an hour earlier than those in western Germany supports which of these conclusions?

Shifting to daylight saving time in spring (awakening earlier)is comparable to jet leg from traveling which direction?

Several studies indicate that brain activity preparing for a movement starts before the conscious decision to make the movement.Why is the interpretation of results uncertain?

Sleep lasts longest per day in which animal species?

What do investigators observe to determine someone's stage of sleep?

When people have to shift from one work schedule to another,which of the following helps them adjust to the shift most easily?

What does the evidence say about the statement that you would do nothing under hypnosis that you would refuse to do otherwise?

How does blindness relate to visual dreams?

To test whether hypnotized subjects might do anything they would ordinarily refuse to do,a researcher asked hypnotized people to pick up a venomous snake and to do other dangerous acts.Why were the results difficult to interpret?

What do the following have in common: Awakening and finding yourself unable to move,sleepwalking,and lucid dreaming?

If you were on a submarine deep in the ocean with artificial light that was constant at all times,what would happen to your rhythm of wakefulness and sleepiness?