Question 1

Amino acids move from the cytoplasm to the ribosome with the help of

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA's 
B)  tRNA's 
C)  siRNA's 
D)  rRNA's 
A)  mRNA's 
B)  tRNA's 
C)  siRNA's 
D)  rRNA's

Question 2

After DNA replication of a bacterial chromosome,the new DNA contains

Accepted Answer

A)  2 newly synthesized strands of DNA copied from the original parent strands 
B)  one strand of parent DNA along with one newly synthesized strand 
C)  small segments of parent DNA interspersed with newly synthesized segments of DNA 
D)  two of the above 
A)  2 newly synthesized strands of DNA copied from the original parent strands 
B)  one strand of parent DNA along with one newly synthesized strand 
C)  small segments of parent DNA interspersed with newly synthesized segments of DNA 
D)  two of the above

Question 3

A frameshift mutation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  an adenine is inserted into the DNA sequence of an organism 
B)  a thymine replaces a guanine in the DNA sequence of an organism 
C)  three new bases are inserted into the DNA strand 
D)  three bases are deleted from the DNA strand 
A)  an adenine is inserted into the DNA sequence of an organism 
B)  a thymine replaces a guanine in the DNA sequence of an organism 
C)  three new bases are inserted into the DNA strand 
D)  three bases are deleted from the DNA strand

Question 4

Genes with different information at the same locus are called

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes 
B)  homologs 
C)  plasmids 
D)  alleles 
A)  chromosomes 
B)  homologs 
C)  plasmids 
D)  alleles

Question 5

Microbial evolutionary biologists have provided evidence against Lamarckian evolution,by demonstrating that genetic mutations arise in the absence of selection,rather than being a response to selection. Describe one method for distinguishing between spontaneous and induced mutations (be sure to include the expected results)

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous and induced mutations can be

Question 6

The Ames test is used to determine if a chemical

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the rate at which a bacterial cell divides 
B)  decreases the number of cells in a culture 
C)  induces mutations in a cell's DNA 
D)  decreases the ability of a cell to photosynthesize 
A)  increases the rate at which a bacterial cell divides 
B)  decreases the number of cells in a culture 
C)  induces mutations in a cell's DNA 
D)  decreases the ability of a cell to photosynthesize

Question 7

Inducible enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  are synthesized continuously by the cell 
B)  are produced by genes that are always active 
C)  are synthesized by genes that are sometimes active and sometimes inactive 
D)  only exist in prokaryotic organisms 
A)  are synthesized continuously by the cell 
B)  are produced by genes that are always active 
C)  are synthesized by genes that are sometimes active and sometimes inactive 
D)  only exist in prokaryotic organisms

Question 8

In the lactose operon,which of the following is a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  repressor 
B)  operator 
C)  regulator 
D)  promoter 
A)  repressor 
B)  operator 
C)  regulator 
D)  promoter

Question 9

Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine 
A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 10

In DNA,the base adenine always pairs with what other base?

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  adenine 
C)  uracil 
D)  thymine 
A)  guanine 
B)  adenine 
C)  uracil 
D)  thymine

Question 11

RNA plays several important roles in the processes that translate genetic information from DNA into protein products. Illustrate the events of transcription in a bacterial cell and indicate where RNA plays a role. Also indicate what role RNA plays in translation in bacterial cells.

Accepted Answer

The following should be illustrated: Tra

Question 12

Okazaki fragments make up

Accepted Answer

A)  part of the small ribosomal subunit 
B)  part of the tRNA 
C)  part of the lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA 
D)  part of the mRNA 
A)  part of the small ribosomal subunit 
B)  part of the tRNA 
C)  part of the lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA 
D)  part of the mRNA

Question 13

Bacterial genomes

Accepted Answer

A)  have rarely been sequenced as it takes a very long time 
B)  only contain adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine 
C)  contain all the information for the structure and functioning of a cell 
D)  when sequenced 100% of the genes are with known cellular function 
A)  have rarely been sequenced as it takes a very long time 
B)  only contain adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine 
C)  contain all the information for the structure and functioning of a cell 
D)  when sequenced 100% of the genes are with known cellular function

Question 14

When a cell contains high levels of lactose,the lactose will bind with the

Accepted Answer

A)  repressor 
B)  operator 
C)  promoter 
D)  RNA polymerase 
A)  repressor 
B)  operator 
C)  promoter 
D)  RNA polymerase

Question 15

tRNA molecules serve as a link between

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA and mRNA 
B)  codons and anticodons 
C)  codons and amino acids 
D)  mRNA and rRNA 
A)  DNA and mRNA 
B)  codons and anticodons 
C)  codons and amino acids 
D)  mRNA and rRNA

Question 16

The tryptophan (trp)operon is turned on (i.e. gene expression occurs)when

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a great deal of tryptophan in the cell 
B)  there is a lack of tryptophan in the cell 
C)  the trp operon is always turned on 
D)  the trp operon is always turned off 
A)  there is a great deal of tryptophan in the cell 
B)  there is a lack of tryptophan in the cell 
C)  the trp operon is always turned on 
D)  the trp operon is always turned off

Question 17

Protein synthesis

Accepted Answer

A)  in bacteria can occur with several ribosomes attached to the same mRNA molecule 
B)  uses very little of a bacterial cell's energy 
C)  can occur at the same time as an mRNA is being transcribed 
D)  two of the above 
A)  in bacteria can occur with several ribosomes attached to the same mRNA molecule 
B)  uses very little of a bacterial cell's energy 
C)  can occur at the same time as an mRNA is being transcribed 
D)  two of the above

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

Amino acids move from the cytoplasm to the ribosome with the help of

After DNA replication of a bacterial chromosome,the new DNA contains

A frameshift mutation occurs when

Genes with different information at the same locus are called

The Ames test is used to determine if a chemical

Inducible enzymes

In the lactose operon,which of the following is a protein?

Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA?

In DNA,the base adenine always pairs with what other base?

RNA plays several important roles in the processes that translate genetic information from DNA into protein products. Illustrate the events of transcription in a bacterial cell and indicate where RNA plays a role. Also indicate what role RNA plays in translation in bacterial cells.

Okazaki fragments make up

Bacterial genomes

When a cell contains high levels of lactose,the lactose will bind with the

tRNA molecules serve as a link between

The tryptophan (trp)operon is turned on (i.e. gene expression occurs)when

Protein synthesis

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunolgy Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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