Question 1

Reverse transcription takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  only in fungi 
B)  in some viruses 
C)  in all bacteria 
D)  in some bacteria 
A)  only in fungi 
B)  in some viruses 
C)  in all bacteria 
D)  in some bacteria

Question 2

A mRNA molecule can be broken down into three nucleotide units called

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  bases 
C)  codons 
D)  anticodons 
A)  amino acids 
B)  bases 
C)  codons 
D)  anticodons

Question 3

The fluctuation tests done by Luria and Delbruck showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotics induce the development of resistance in bacteria 
B)  the growth of bacteria fluctuates based on the concentration of antibiotics in the media 
C)  the concentration of antibiotics fluctuates in response to the number of bacteria in a sample 
D)  resistance to antibiotics occurs spontaneously in bacteria 
A)  antibiotics induce the development of resistance in bacteria 
B)  the growth of bacteria fluctuates based on the concentration of antibiotics in the media 
C)  the concentration of antibiotics fluctuates in response to the number of bacteria in a sample 
D)  resistance to antibiotics occurs spontaneously in bacteria

Question 4

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  proofreading that occurs during transcription changes the RNA into DNA 
B)  translation is a less accurate process than transcription 
C)  reverse transcription is a less accurate process than regular transcription 
D)  errors in replication can be proofread during transcription 
A)  proofreading that occurs during transcription changes the RNA into DNA 
B)  translation is a less accurate process than transcription 
C)  reverse transcription is a less accurate process than regular transcription 
D)  errors in replication can be proofread during transcription

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  the first position of a codon determines the amino acid 
B)  an amino acid can be specified for by more than one codon 
C)  nonsense codons contain no information 
D)  because DNA only contains three letters there are very few possible genes that can exist 
A)  the first position of a codon determines the amino acid 
B)  an amino acid can be specified for by more than one codon 
C)  nonsense codons contain no information 
D)  because DNA only contains three letters there are very few possible genes that can exist

Question 6

The information carried by DNA is used to create a ________ which then moves to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  siRNA 
D)  mRNA 
A)  tRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  siRNA 
D)  mRNA

Question 7

Segments of DNA that do not code for proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  are called introns 
B)  are found in all bacterial genes 
C)  can be considered by your immune system as enemy DNA 
D)  bind to proteins to form ribosomes 
A)  are called introns 
B)  are found in all bacterial genes 
C)  can be considered by your immune system as enemy DNA 
D)  bind to proteins to form ribosomes

Question 8

Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine 
A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 9

During replication,DNA is synthesized by

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  ribozymes 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  ribozymes

Question 10

Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine 
A)  combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B)  carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C)  molecules contain an anticodon 
D)  contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  during DNA replication the leading strand serves as a template for replication of the lagging strand 
B)  fragments on the lagging strand are joined together by ligase 
C)  a bacterial chromosome is made up of individual units called Okazaki fragments 
D)  two strands of a double helix combine by base pairing in a parallel fashion 
A)  during DNA replication the leading strand serves as a template for replication of the lagging strand 
B)  fragments on the lagging strand are joined together by ligase 
C)  a bacterial chromosome is made up of individual units called Okazaki fragments 
D)  two strands of a double helix combine by base pairing in a parallel fashion

Question 12

Pyrimidine dimers are a type of mutation most commonly caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  alkylating agents 
B)  deaminating agents 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  acridine 
A)  alkylating agents 
B)  deaminating agents 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  acridine

Question 13

With regard to the lactose operon,which of the following is false under conditions of low (or no)lactose?

Accepted Answer

A)  the RNA polymerase cannot transcribe structural genes 
B)  the repressor is bound to the operator 
C)  lactose is not bound to the repressor 
D)  RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter 
A)  the RNA polymerase cannot transcribe structural genes 
B)  the repressor is bound to the operator 
C)  lactose is not bound to the repressor 
D)  RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter

Question 14

Reverse transcription occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA is used as a template to produce DNA 
B)  DNA is used as a template to produce RNA 
C)  Protein is used as a template to produce RNA 
D)  RNA is used as a template to produce protein 
A)  RNA is used as a template to produce DNA 
B)  DNA is used as a template to produce RNA 
C)  Protein is used as a template to produce RNA 
D)  RNA is used as a template to produce protein

Question 15

________ refers to the specific characteristics displayed by an organism.

Accepted Answer

A)  Genotype 
B)  Mutation 
C)  Phenotype 
D)  Genes 
A)  Genotype 
B)  Mutation 
C)  Phenotype 
D)  Genes

Question 16

Polymerase chain reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  allows for the rapid amplification of a billion copies of DNA without needing a living cell 
B)  can be applied to historic samples and to criminal investigations 
C)  requires oligonucleotides to cut DNA into smaller pieces 
D)  two of the above are true 
A)  allows for the rapid amplification of a billion copies of DNA without needing a living cell 
B)  can be applied to historic samples and to criminal investigations 
C)  requires oligonucleotides to cut DNA into smaller pieces 
D)  two of the above are true

Question 17

Catabolite repression

Accepted Answer

A)  allows cells to save energy by not making enzymes they don't need 
B)  doesn't allow for cells to prioritize consumption of multiple substrates 
C)  allows cell growth to continue even after the preferred nutrient is used up 
D)  two of the above 
A)  allows cells to save energy by not making enzymes they don't need 
B)  doesn't allow for cells to prioritize consumption of multiple substrates 
C)  allows cell growth to continue even after the preferred nutrient is used up 
D)  two of the above

Question 18

A linear sequence of DNA nucleotides which provides the genetic information for a single characteristic is a

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome 
B)  plasmid 
C)  gene 
D)  base pair 
A)  chromosome 
B)  plasmid 
C)  gene 
D)  base pair

Question 19

A DNA mutation that results in no change in protein product produced is termed a

Accepted Answer

A)  missense mutation 
B)  nonsense mutation 
C)  silent mutation 
D)  frameshift mutation 
A)  missense mutation 
B)  nonsense mutation 
C)  silent mutation 
D)  frameshift mutation

Question 20

In eukaryotes,transcription takes place in the ________ while translation takes place in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus, nucleus 
B)  nucleus, cytoplasm 
C)  cytoplasm, nucleus 
D)  cytoplasm, cytoplasm 
A)  nucleus, nucleus 
B)  nucleus, cytoplasm 
C)  cytoplasm, nucleus 
D)  cytoplasm, cytoplasm

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

Reverse transcription takes place

A mRNA molecule can be broken down into three nucleotide units called

The fluctuation tests done by Luria and Delbruck showed that

Which statement is true?

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?

The information carried by DNA is used to create a ________ which then moves to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Segments of DNA that do not code for proteins

Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA?

During replication,DNA is synthesized by

Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA?

Which of the following statements is true?

Pyrimidine dimers are a type of mutation most commonly caused by

With regard to the lactose operon,which of the following is false under conditions of low (or no)lactose?

Reverse transcription occurs when

________ refers to the specific characteristics displayed by an organism.

Polymerase chain reaction

Catabolite repression

A linear sequence of DNA nucleotides which provides the genetic information for a single characteristic is a

A DNA mutation that results in no change in protein product produced is termed a

In eukaryotes,transcription takes place in the ________ while translation takes place in the ________.

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunolgy Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

Filters

In eukaryotes,transcription takes place in the while translation takes place in the .