Question 1

All of the following are important when considering a descriptive epidemiological study except

Accepted Answer

A)  locations of disease cases 
B)  number of cases of a disease 
C)  time periods of disease cases 
D)  cause-and-effect relationships of disease cases 
A)  locations of disease cases 
B)  number of cases of a disease 
C)  time periods of disease cases 
D)  cause-and-effect relationships of disease cases D

Question 2

Reservoirs of infections include

Accepted Answer

A)  humans 
B)  non-human vertebrate animals 
C)  water and soil 
D)  all of the above 
A)  humans 
B)  non-human vertebrate animals 
C)  water and soil 
D)  all of the above D

Question 3

An epidemiological study that tests a hypothesis is referred to as what type of study?

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical 
B)  experimental 
C)  prospective 
D)  descriptive 
A)  analytical 
B)  experimental 
C)  prospective 
D)  descriptive B

Question 4

The incidence rate of chicken pox in the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  includes both old and newly diagnosed cases of disease 
B)  shows a pattern of pandemics 
C)  has been increasing for the last ten years 
D)  shows a seasonal variation 
A)  includes both old and newly diagnosed cases of disease 
B)  shows a pattern of pandemics 
C)  has been increasing for the last ten years 
D)  shows a seasonal variation

Question 5

Congenital infectious diseases

Accepted Answer

A)  cause infection when present on poorly cooked meat 
B)  cross the placenta from infected mother to fetus 
C)  enter the body via contaminated water 
D)  effect only the mother and not the fetus 
A)  cause infection when present on poorly cooked meat 
B)  cross the placenta from infected mother to fetus 
C)  enter the body via contaminated water 
D)  effect only the mother and not the fetus

Question 6

The total number of people infected within a population at a given time is the

Accepted Answer

A)  incidence 
B)  etiology 
C)  prevalence 
D)  morbidity 
A)  incidence 
B)  etiology 
C)  prevalence 
D)  morbidity

Question 7

Worldwide spread of an infectious disease is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  epidemic 
B)  endemic 
C)  sporadic 
D)  pandemic 
A)  epidemic 
B)  endemic 
C)  sporadic 
D)  pandemic

Question 8

An opportunistic infection acquired from the individual's own microbiota is

Accepted Answer

A)  nosocomial 
B)  reservoir 
C)  exogenous 
D)  endogenous 
A)  nosocomial 
B)  reservoir 
C)  exogenous 
D)  endogenous

Question 9

Which of the following is not helpful in achieving control of disease transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  isolation of patient from general population 
B)  propagation of vectors 
C)  quarantine 
D)  immunization programs 
A)  isolation of patient from general population 
B)  propagation of vectors 
C)  quarantine 
D)  immunization programs

Question 10

An infection acquired in the hospital or other medical facility is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  zoonosis 
B)  notifiable 
C)  exogenous 
D)  nosocomial 
A)  zoonosis 
B)  notifiable 
C)  exogenous 
D)  nosocomial

Question 11

Bioterrorism

Accepted Answer

A)  is a new phenomenon 
B)  agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C)  agents are transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D)  none of the above 
A)  is a new phenomenon 
B)  agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C)  agents are transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D)  none of the above

Question 12

Mortality rate is typically expressed as

Accepted Answer

A)  number of illnesses from a disease per 100,000 people in the population per year 
B)  fraction of susceptible population that dies 
C)  speed at which a disease spreads through a population 
D)  number of deaths from a disease per 100,000 people in the population per year 
A)  number of illnesses from a disease per 100,000 people in the population per year 
B)  fraction of susceptible population that dies 
C)  speed at which a disease spreads through a population 
D)  number of deaths from a disease per 100,000 people in the population per year

Question 13

Waterborne transmission of pathogens involving water contaminated by raw sewage is an example of what mode of transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect fecal-oral 
B)  direct fecal-oral 
C)  vertical 
D)  droplet nuclei 
A)  indirect fecal-oral 
B)  direct fecal-oral 
C)  vertical 
D)  droplet nuclei

Question 14

Fomites are

Accepted Answer

A)  involved in direct vertical contact transmission 
B)  a cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in air 
C)  nonliving objects 
D)  mainly transmit dried mucus 
A)  involved in direct vertical contact transmission 
B)  a cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in air 
C)  nonliving objects 
D)  mainly transmit dried mucus

Question 15

An infectious disease that occurs in a random and unpredictable manner:

Accepted Answer

A)  sporadic 
B)  pandemic 
C)  epidemic 
D)  propagated epidemic 
A)  sporadic 
B)  pandemic 
C)  epidemic 
D)  propagated epidemic

Question 16

Pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body via contaminated food or water typically infect

Accepted Answer

A)  the respiratory system 
B)  the skin 
C)  only vertebrate animals 
D)  the digestive system 
A)  the respiratory system 
B)  the skin 
C)  only vertebrate animals 
D)  the digestive system

Question 17

Sexually transmitted diseases are most often spread by what mode of transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  direct contact 
B)  indirect contact 
C)  mechanical vectors 
D)  waterborne 
A)  direct contact 
B)  indirect contact 
C)  mechanical vectors 
D)  waterborne

Question 18

All of the following pertain to analytical studies except

Accepted Answer

A)  control groups 
B)  retrospective studies 
C)  cause-and-effect relationships of disease occurrences 
D)  data on socioeconomic status 
A)  control groups 
B)  retrospective studies 
C)  cause-and-effect relationships of disease occurrences 
D)  data on socioeconomic status

Question 19

All of the following prevent and control nosocomial infections except

Accepted Answer

A)  infection control programs in hospitals 
B)  patient isolation procedures 
C)  proper education of staff 
D)  contamination in hemodialysis equipment 
A)  infection control programs in hospitals 
B)  patient isolation procedures 
C)  proper education of staff 
D)  contamination in hemodialysis equipment

Question 20

Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  overcrowding 
B)  migration 
C)  lack of vaccination 
D)  access to medical care 
A)  overcrowding 
B)  migration 
C)  lack of vaccination 
D)  access to medical care

Exam 15: Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

All of the following are important when considering a descriptive epidemiological study except

Reservoirs of infections include

An epidemiological study that tests a hypothesis is referred to as what type of study?

The incidence rate of chicken pox in the United States

Congenital infectious diseases

The total number of people infected within a population at a given time is the

Worldwide spread of an infectious disease is called:

An opportunistic infection acquired from the individual's own microbiota is

Which of the following is not helpful in achieving control of disease transmission?

An infection acquired in the hospital or other medical facility is called:

Bioterrorism

Mortality rate is typically expressed as

Waterborne transmission of pathogens involving water contaminated by raw sewage is an example of what mode of transmission?

Fomites are

An infectious disease that occurs in a random and unpredictable manner:

Pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body via contaminated food or water typically infect

Sexually transmitted diseases are most often spread by what mode of transmission?

All of the following pertain to analytical studies except

All of the following prevent and control nosocomial infections except

Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include all of the following except

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunolgy Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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