Question 1

The mucociliary escalator

Accepted Answer

A)  leads to aspirations of secretions that can cause pneumonia 
B)  allows materials in the bronchi to be lifted to the pharynx 
C)  is a ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the pharynx 
D)  two of the above 
A)  leads to aspirations of secretions that can cause pneumonia 
B)  allows materials in the bronchi to be lifted to the pharynx 
C)  is a ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the pharynx 
D)  two of the above B

Question 2

Amphotericin B is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Coccidioidomycosis 
B)  Cryptococcosis 
C)  Pneumocystis pneumonia 
D)  Aspergillosis 
A)  Coccidioidomycosis 
B)  Cryptococcosis 
C)  Pneumocystis pneumonia 
D)  Aspergillosis C

Question 3

How was the great flu pandemic of 1918 different from other influenza epidemics? What is the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift? What virus do you believe the next deadly pandemic flu strain will come from?

Accepted Answer

The great flu pandemic of 1918 was the most deadly flu pandemic and took its heaviest toll on young healthy individuals (not children and the elderly who are the normal victims of influenza epidemics)and was due to swine flu virus. Antigenic drift is the process of random accumulation of mutations in viral genes recognized by the immune system. Antigenic shift is the process whereby two different strains of influenza combine to form a new subtype having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two original strains (reassortment). The next pandemic flu strain could come from strains that infect other animals,such as avian influenza,or a mutated version of the current circulating strains due to antigenic drift,or a reassorted strain due to antigenic shift or one of the previous strains for which the population has lost immunity (such as the 1918 swine flu virus).

Question 4

Pontiac fever is a mild form of

Accepted Answer

A)  tuberculosis 
B)  pneumonia 
C)  legionellosis 
D)  diphtheria 
A)  tuberculosis 
B)  pneumonia 
C)  legionellosis 
D)  diphtheria

Question 5

The major etiology of lobar pneumonia is

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  two of the above 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  two of the above

Question 6

Otitis media is caused most often by

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  two of the above 
A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  two of the above

Question 7

Which of the following can evade the killing power of macrophages and replicate in them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium 
B)  Streptococcus 
C)  Coccidioides immitis 
D)  two of the above 
A)  Mycobacterium 
B)  Streptococcus 
C)  Coccidioides immitis 
D)  two of the above

Question 8

Which of the following statements about diptheria is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  A prophage carries the exotoxin producing gene. 
B)  An epidemic of diphtheria killed numerous people in the former Soviet Union. 
C)  The bacteria are Gram-negative rods. 
D)  The bacteria are in a palisade arrangement and have metachromatic granules. 
A)  A prophage carries the exotoxin producing gene. 
B)  An epidemic of diphtheria killed numerous people in the former Soviet Union. 
C)  The bacteria are Gram-negative rods. 
D)  The bacteria are in a palisade arrangement and have metachromatic granules.

Question 9

Pharyngitis is most often caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a virus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes Group A 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Corynebacterium 
A)  a virus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes Group A 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Corynebacterium

Question 10

Acute epiglottitis is invariably caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a virus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Corynebacterium pseudoinfluenzae 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae type B 
A)  a virus 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Corynebacterium pseudoinfluenzae 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae type B

Question 11

Which of the following are used in the treatment or prevention of diphtheria?

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotics 
B)  vaccination 
C)  antitoxin 
D)  all of the above 
A)  antibiotics 
B)  vaccination 
C)  antitoxin 
D)  all of the above

Question 12

Middle ear infections are common in children because

Accepted Answer

A)  they do not secrete cerumen 
B)  their tympanic membranes are thinner than in adults 
C)  their Eustachian tubes are shorter and wider 
D)  two of the above 
A)  they do not secrete cerumen 
B)  their tympanic membranes are thinner than in adults 
C)  their Eustachian tubes are shorter and wider 
D)  two of the above

Question 13

Which is characterized by a pseudomembrane forming in the throat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diphtheria 
B)  Pertussis 
C)  Pharyngitis 
D)  Laryngitis 
A)  Diphtheria 
B)  Pertussis 
C)  Pharyngitis 
D)  Laryngitis

Question 14

Spelunkers are cave-exploring enthusiasts; to what fungal pathogen might they become exposed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coccidioides immitis 
B)  Cryptococcus neoformans 
C)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
D)  Aspergillus fumigatus 
A)  Coccidioides immitis 
B)  Cryptococcus neoformans 
C)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
D)  Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 15

If pathogens evade the non-specific immune system of the upper respiratory tract and enter the alveoli,_______ can protect the body from infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  histiocytes 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  Goblet cells 
A)  histiocytes 
B)  macrophages 
C)  NK cells 
D)  Goblet cells

Question 16

Sinusitis can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  all of the above 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  all of the above

Question 17

Primary atypical pneumonia is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Mycobacterium pneumoniae 
C)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
D)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Mycobacterium pneumoniae 
C)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
D)  Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 18

Otitis externa is caused most often by

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  two of the above 
A)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae 
D)  two of the above

Question 19

Which of the following statements about streptococcal pharyngitis is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dogs and other family pets can be carriers of Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Diagnosis takes at least 24 hours for the culture results to be reported. 
C)  Clinically the throat is inflamed and the adenoids and lymph nodes in the neck swell. 
D)  If treatment is delayed, rheumatic fever may develop. 
A)  Dogs and other family pets can be carriers of Streptococcus pyogenes. 
B)  Diagnosis takes at least 24 hours for the culture results to be reported. 
C)  Clinically the throat is inflamed and the adenoids and lymph nodes in the neck swell. 
D)  If treatment is delayed, rheumatic fever may develop.

Question 20

Which bacterial species is responsible for Q fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coxiella burnetii 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Corynebacterium pseudoinfluenzae 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae type B 
A)  Coxiella burnetii 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Corynebacterium pseudoinfluenzae 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae type B

Exam 21: Diseases of the Respiratory System

The mucociliary escalator

Amphotericin B is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections for all of the following except

How was the great flu pandemic of 1918 different from other influenza epidemics? What is the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift? What virus do you believe the next deadly pandemic flu strain will come from?

Pontiac fever is a mild form of

The major etiology of lobar pneumonia is

Otitis media is caused most often by

Which of the following can evade the killing power of macrophages and replicate in them?

Which of the following statements about diptheria is incorrect?

Pharyngitis is most often caused by

Acute epiglottitis is invariably caused by

Which of the following are used in the treatment or prevention of diphtheria?

Middle ear infections are common in children because

Which is characterized by a pseudomembrane forming in the throat?

Spelunkers are cave-exploring enthusiasts; to what fungal pathogen might they become exposed?

If pathogens evade the non-specific immune system of the upper respiratory tract and enter the alveoli,_______ can protect the body from infection.

Sinusitis can be caused by

Primary atypical pneumonia is caused by

Otitis externa is caused most often by

Which of the following statements about streptococcal pharyngitis is incorrect?

Which bacterial species is responsible for Q fever?

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunolgy Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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