Exam 3: Nutrient Digestion and Absorption

Vitamin absorption occurs mainly by __________.

Segmentation contractions refer to intermittent oscillating contraction and relaxation of the intestinal wall's circular smooth muscle.

A powerful enzyme released by the pancreas to complete the breakdown of starch.

Too much dietary fiber usually.

Substance in oat bran, bean, peas, and most fruit that causes gas.

With swallowing, the bolus of food moves past the pharynx at the back of the mouth and enters the trachea.

The major sections of the large intestine include __________.

Enzymes.

After eating, the stomach usually takes 1 to 4 hours to empty depending on the relative concentration of each nutrient and the volume of the meal.

Hepatic portal circulation.

Osmosis moves particles through a selectively permeable membrane because of a difference in the concentration of water molecules on both sides of the membrane.

Micelles form when water-insoluble monoglycerides and free fatty acid end products from lipid hydrolysis bind with bile salts.

Rate of fructose absorption from small intestine is __________ when compared with glucose.

Athletes in sports that incorporate gliding such as in cycling report more GI symptoms than other athletes.

Hemorrhoids occur more frequently in men.

Broken down by the enzyme salivary $\alpha$ -amylase (ptyalin).

Secretin is produced by the duodenum and jejunum.

Passive transport of materials across the cell's plasma membrane occurs by __________.

Athletes show susceptibility to travel-induced __________ from bacterial and viral causes.

Small intestine absorbs about __________% of total water ingested.