Question 1

In recombinant DNA technology

Accepted Answer

A)  vectors are used as carriers for recombinant genes. 
B)  it is possible to insert eukaryotic genes into prokaryotic DNA. 
C)  foreign DNA is frequently inserted into a bacterial plasmid. 
D)  all of these 
A)  vectors are used as carriers for recombinant genes. 
B)  it is possible to insert eukaryotic genes into prokaryotic DNA. 
C)  foreign DNA is frequently inserted into a bacterial plasmid. 
D)  all of these

Question 2

A gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is used to make plants resistant against all insects which might feed on the plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following proteins has been successfully produced through genetic recombination?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  human growth hormone 
C)  tissue plasminogen activator 
D)  erythropoietin 
E)  All of the above proteins have been produced successfully. 
A)  insulin 
B)  human growth hormone 
C)  tissue plasminogen activator 
D)  erythropoietin 
E)  All of the above proteins have been produced successfully.

Question 4

Modern genetic engineering allows the following manipulation, which was not available using traditional breeding methods:

Accepted Answer

A)  It is now possible to cross different strains or varieties of the same species. 
B)  It is now possible to include genes from different species, or even different kingdoms in the same organism. 
C)  It is now possible to produce organisms which are more hardy or which produce bigger or more fruit. 
D)  The premise of the question is invalid, since there really is no substantive difference between modern genetic engineering and traditional breeding methods. 
E)  All of these were possible using traditional breeding methods. 
A)  It is now possible to cross different strains or varieties of the same species. 
B)  It is now possible to include genes from different species, or even different kingdoms in the same organism. 
C)  It is now possible to produce organisms which are more hardy or which produce bigger or more fruit. 
D)  The premise of the question is invalid, since there really is no substantive difference between modern genetic engineering and traditional breeding methods. 
E)  All of these were possible using traditional breeding methods.

Question 5

Which of the following statements concerning restriction endonucleases is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They attack RNA, not DNA. 
B)  They can produce "sticky ends". 
C)  They attack single-stranded sequences only. 
D)  They do not display sequence specificity in their site of attack. 
A)  They attack RNA, not DNA. 
B)  They can produce "sticky ends". 
C)  They attack single-stranded sequences only. 
D)  They do not display sequence specificity in their site of attack.

Question 6

The same gene on two different paired chromosomes in eukaryotes are called

Accepted Answer

A)  vectors. 
B)  homologies. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  fingerprints. 
A)  vectors. 
B)  homologies. 
C)  alleles. 
D)  fingerprints.

Question 7

Which of the following are methods used to determine where the DNA bands are located on an electrophoresis gel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radioactivity 
B)  Fluorescence 
C)  Dyes which bind to DNA 
D)  Luminescence 
E)  All of these can visualize the DNA 
A)  Radioactivity 
B)  Fluorescence 
C)  Dyes which bind to DNA 
D)  Luminescence 
E)  All of these can visualize the DNA

Question 8

Genetic engineering which recombines DNA from different species is

Accepted Answer

A)  a molecular extension of traditional cross-breeding methods. 
B)  only possible with plants. 
C)  only possible with animals. 
D)  only possible with bacteria. 
A)  a molecular extension of traditional cross-breeding methods. 
B)  only possible with plants. 
C)  only possible with animals. 
D)  only possible with bacteria.

Question 9

One major obstacle to using bacteria to produce human proteins is bacteria do not have the cellular apparatus to splice introns out of mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following parameters affects the distance DNA molecules migrate during electrophoresis, at pH = 8?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mass of the DNA 
B)  The total ionic charge on the DNA molecule 
C)  The fact that each nucleotide contributes one negative charge at this pH. 
D)  The concentration of agarose or polyacrylamide in the gel. 
E)  All of these features control the distance the DNA migrates. 
A)  The mass of the DNA 
B)  The total ionic charge on the DNA molecule 
C)  The fact that each nucleotide contributes one negative charge at this pH. 
D)  The concentration of agarose or polyacrylamide in the gel. 
E)  All of these features control the distance the DNA migrates.

Question 11

Fluorescence and other luminescent methods of visualizing bands offer these advantages over methods dependent on radioactivity.

Accepted Answer

A)  They can detect smaller amounts of material (they are more sensitive). 
B)  Fluorescent molecules like ethidium bromide offer no health hazard, while radioisotopes do. 
C)  Special licenses are required to work with radioisotopes. 
D)  These methods are both more sensitive and require no special license. 
E)  All of these are advantages. 
A)  They can detect smaller amounts of material (they are more sensitive). 
B)  Fluorescent molecules like ethidium bromide offer no health hazard, while radioisotopes do. 
C)  Special licenses are required to work with radioisotopes. 
D)  These methods are both more sensitive and require no special license. 
E)  All of these are advantages.

Question 12

Recombinant DNA molecules contain covalently linked segments derived from two or more sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is not required in order for a plasmid to be used in genetic recombination?

Accepted Answer

A)  An "ori" site. 
B)  A gene to allow for easy screening an isolation of cells which contain the plasmid. 
C)  A poly-cloning site or multi-cloning site for gene insertion. 
D)  At least one site for a restriction enzyme to cut. 
E)  All of these are essential in a plasmid for DNA recombination. 
A)  An "ori" site. 
B)  A gene to allow for easy screening an isolation of cells which contain the plasmid. 
C)  A poly-cloning site or multi-cloning site for gene insertion. 
D)  At least one site for a restriction enzyme to cut. 
E)  All of these are essential in a plasmid for DNA recombination.

Question 14

The usefulness of blotting techniques in molecular biology is that

Accepted Answer

A)  spills of hazardous chemicals are minimized 
B)  only the substance of interest is transferred to a nitrocellulose disk 
C)  it directly gives rise to a genetic map 
D)  transferred material is in the same relative position on the disk as on the original sample 
A)  spills of hazardous chemicals are minimized 
B)  only the substance of interest is transferred to a nitrocellulose disk 
C)  it directly gives rise to a genetic map 
D)  transferred material is in the same relative position on the disk as on the original sample

Question 15

Which of the following plants have been genetically modified?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soy beans 
B)  Corn. 
C)  Cotton 
D)  Tomatoes 
E)  All of these plants have been genetically modified. 
A)  Soy beans 
B)  Corn. 
C)  Cotton 
D)  Tomatoes 
E)  All of these plants have been genetically modified.

Question 16

During the simplest type of genetic recombination, there is a ____ chance that the gene will be inserted in the correct direction.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 17

The following item was the most important one for the development of PCR as a commercially successful and widely-used procedure:

Accepted Answer

A)  Taq DNA Polymerase. 
B)  Heat-resistant DNA. 
C)  Heat-resistant primers for DNA synthesis. 
D)  Robotic machines to run the PCR® procedure. 
E)  Heat-resistant nucleoside triphosphate substrates. 
A)  Taq DNA Polymerase. 
B)  Heat-resistant DNA. 
C)  Heat-resistant primers for DNA synthesis. 
D)  Robotic machines to run the PCR® procedure. 
E)  Heat-resistant nucleoside triphosphate substrates.

Question 18

How is human insulin produced by genetically engineered bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA that codes for each of the two polypeptide chains is introduced into two different populations of bacteria 
B)  DNA that codes for the insulin precursor is introduced into bacterial plasmids 
C)  DNA that codes for both the polypeptide chains is introduced into a single population of bacteria 
D)  This procedure cannot be done. 
A)  DNA that codes for each of the two polypeptide chains is introduced into two different populations of bacteria 
B)  DNA that codes for the insulin precursor is introduced into bacterial plasmids 
C)  DNA that codes for both the polypeptide chains is introduced into a single population of bacteria 
D)  This procedure cannot be done.

Question 19

Epogen is

Accepted Answer

A)  the trade name of recombinant erythropoietin 
B)  a recombinant protein used to help people that need kidney dialisys 
C)  a recombinanat protein often used illegally to boost athletic performance 
D)  all of these 
A)  the trade name of recombinant erythropoietin 
B)  a recombinant protein used to help people that need kidney dialisys 
C)  a recombinanat protein often used illegally to boost athletic performance 
D)  all of these

Question 20

Each band in a lane of a Sanger Coulson sequencing gel represents

Accepted Answer

A)  random cutting of DNA 
B)  a single nucleotide that ran that far on a gel 
C)  a piece of DNA that ended in a specific base 
D)  none of these 
A)  random cutting of DNA 
B)  a single nucleotide that ran that far on a gel 
C)  a piece of DNA that ended in a specific base 
D)  none of these

Exam 13: Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

In recombinant DNA technology

A gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is used to make plants resistant against all insects which might feed on the plant.

Which of the following proteins has been successfully produced through genetic recombination?

Modern genetic engineering allows the following manipulation, which was not available using traditional breeding methods:

Which of the following statements concerning restriction endonucleases is true?

The same gene on two different paired chromosomes in eukaryotes are called

Which of the following are methods used to determine where the DNA bands are located on an electrophoresis gel?

Genetic engineering which recombines DNA from different species is

One major obstacle to using bacteria to produce human proteins is bacteria do not have the cellular apparatus to splice introns out of mRNA.

Which of the following parameters affects the distance DNA molecules migrate during electrophoresis, at pH = 8?

Fluorescence and other luminescent methods of visualizing bands offer these advantages over methods dependent on radioactivity.

Recombinant DNA molecules contain covalently linked segments derived from two or more sources.

Which of the following is not required in order for a plasmid to be used in genetic recombination?

The usefulness of blotting techniques in molecular biology is that

Which of the following plants have been genetically modified?

During the simplest type of genetic recombination, there is a ____ chance that the gene will be inserted in the correct direction.

The following item was the most important one for the development of PCR as a commercially successful and widely-used procedure:

How is human insulin produced by genetically engineered bacteria?

Epogen is

Each band in a lane of a Sanger Coulson sequencing gel represents

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

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