Question 1

Which of the following is not a purpose of using nitrocellulose during screening of a DNA library?

Accepted Answer

A)  To transfer colonies to from the agar plates 
B)  To allow hybridization with a DNA probe 
C)  To duplicate the colonies for later retrieval of the DNA of interest 
D)  To grow bacterial colonies 
A)  To transfer colonies to from the agar plates 
B)  To allow hybridization with a DNA probe 
C)  To duplicate the colonies for later retrieval of the DNA of interest 
D)  To grow bacterial colonies D

Question 2

When viruses are used as vectors in gene therapy

Accepted Answer

A)  they are not to transform cells taken from the patient's body to give back to the patient 
B)  they can cause unexpected difficulties 
C)  both of the above 
D)  neither of the above 
A)  they are not to transform cells taken from the patient's body to give back to the patient 
B)  they can cause unexpected difficulties 
C)  both of the above 
D)  neither of the above B

Question 3

When fluorescent markers are used for DNA sequencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  the DNA separations are faster 
B)  four different reaction mixtures must be used 
C)  computer analysis can help in the detection of sequencing analysis at a faster rate 
D)  none of these 
A)  the DNA separations are faster 
B)  four different reaction mixtures must be used 
C)  computer analysis can help in the detection of sequencing analysis at a faster rate 
D)  none of these C

Question 4

Multi-cloning sites ("poly-linkers") in most commercially available plasmids offer all the following advantages over the earlier plasmids used in genetic recombination except:

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be used with a wide variety of restriction enzymes. 
B)  They assure that only the desired DNA will be inserted into the plasmid. 
C)  They enable easy control of the direction of insertion of the gene of interest. 
D)  They are usually adjacent to any necessary promoters for gene expression. 
E)  All of these are advantages. 
A)  They can be used with a wide variety of restriction enzymes. 
B)  They assure that only the desired DNA will be inserted into the plasmid. 
C)  They enable easy control of the direction of insertion of the gene of interest. 
D)  They are usually adjacent to any necessary promoters for gene expression. 
E)  All of these are advantages.

Question 5

The RFLP technique

Accepted Answer

A)  is of most use with prokaryotic DNA 
B)  is of no use on DNA that contains introns 
C)  is used on the DNA of organisms that have two sets of chromosomes 
D)  provides fewer genetic markers than classical genetic techniques 
A)  is of most use with prokaryotic DNA 
B)  is of no use on DNA that contains introns 
C)  is used on the DNA of organisms that have two sets of chromosomes 
D)  provides fewer genetic markers than classical genetic techniques

Question 6

Restriction enzymes are especially useful for genetic recombination work for all of the following reasons, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  They cut DNA in the middle of specific sequences. 
B)  They cut DNA independent of the source of the DNA. 
C)  They often generate single stranded tails or "sticky ends". 
D)  There are a large variety of them commercially available. 
E)  All of these traits make restriction enzymes useful. 
A)  They cut DNA in the middle of specific sequences. 
B)  They cut DNA independent of the source of the DNA. 
C)  They often generate single stranded tails or "sticky ends". 
D)  There are a large variety of them commercially available. 
E)  All of these traits make restriction enzymes useful.

Question 7

Fluorescence works because the fluorescent molecule

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a longer wavelength. 
B)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a shorter wavelength. 
C)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at the same wavelength. 
D)  absorbs light at many wavelengths and emits light at many wavelengths. 
A)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a longer wavelength. 
B)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a shorter wavelength. 
C)  absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at the same wavelength. 
D)  absorbs light at many wavelengths and emits light at many wavelengths.

Question 8

A multiple cloning site is also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a polylinker 
B)  an origin of replication 
C)  a restriction enzyme site 
D)  a selectable marker 
A)  a polylinker 
B)  an origin of replication 
C)  a restriction enzyme site 
D)  a selectable marker

Question 9

Forensic uses of DNA to identify victims or criminals exploit the following trait in DNA:

Accepted Answer

A)  Differences in sizes of DNA fragments (RFLPs). 
B)  Footprinting. 
C)  Site directed mutations. 
D)  DNA with proteins bound moves slower in gel electrophoresis. 
E)  More than one of these is important in using DNA for forensic identification. 
A)  Differences in sizes of DNA fragments (RFLPs). 
B)  Footprinting. 
C)  Site directed mutations. 
D)  DNA with proteins bound moves slower in gel electrophoresis. 
E)  More than one of these is important in using DNA for forensic identification.

Question 10

A proteome is

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein-based vector. 
B)  a three-dimensional protein structure. 
C)  a collection of all the proteins produced in a given cell or tissue. 
D)  an improperly digested protein responsible for certain diseases such as "mad cow" disease. 
A)  a protein-based vector. 
B)  a three-dimensional protein structure. 
C)  a collection of all the proteins produced in a given cell or tissue. 
D)  an improperly digested protein responsible for certain diseases such as "mad cow" disease.

Question 11

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located.
  
-Refer to Exhibit 13A. If a recombinant plasmid was obtained inserting DNA into the BamHI site, screening for the recombinant plasmid can be done by the following technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain ampicillin. 
B)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain tetracycline. 
C)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain both ampicillin and tetracycline. 
D)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain ampicillin, followed by replica plating on tetracycline. 
E)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain tetracycline, followed by replica plating on ampicillin. 
A)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain ampicillin. 
B)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain tetracycline. 
C)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain both ampicillin and tetracycline. 
D)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain ampicillin, followed by replica plating on tetracycline. 
E)  Plate on nutrient agar plates that contain tetracycline, followed by replica plating on ampicillin.

Question 12

Which of the following conditions is an example of how genetic engineering is currently used to increase food production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetically modified plants have been developed that are resistant to herbicides. 
B)  Genetically modified plants have been developed which contain a gene that confers a natural resistance to certain insects. 
C)  Hormones are given to cows to increase milk production. 
D)  Genetically modified plants have been developed which are resistant to frost. 
E)  All of these are examples of genetic engineering in agriculture. 
A)  Genetically modified plants have been developed that are resistant to herbicides. 
B)  Genetically modified plants have been developed which contain a gene that confers a natural resistance to certain insects. 
C)  Hormones are given to cows to increase milk production. 
D)  Genetically modified plants have been developed which are resistant to frost. 
E)  All of these are examples of genetic engineering in agriculture.

Question 13

Exhibit 13D?The plasmid pSU922 is a circular DNA containing 25000 base pairs. The β-gal gene codes for the enzyme β-galactosidase, the product of which will turn bacterial colonies blue when grown in the presence of X-gal; the AmpS1U1P1RS1S1P0 gene confers ampicillin resistance.
  
-Refer to Exhibit 13D. Which restriction site is best for inserting a DNA fragment for analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  BamHI 
B)  EcoRI 
C)  HindIII 
D)  They're all equally good. 
A)  BamHI 
B)  EcoRI 
C)  HindIII 
D)  They're all equally good.

Question 14

Enzymes that seal nicks in DNA are called

Accepted Answer

A)  restriction enzymes. 
B)  bacteriophages. 
C)  ligases. 
D)  exonucleases. 
A)  restriction enzymes. 
B)  bacteriophages. 
C)  ligases. 
D)  exonucleases.

Question 15

Ethidium bromide slips between the bases of DNA giving it fluorescent properties that differ from those observed when it is free in solution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In DNA sequencing, fragments to be analyzed are produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  acid hydrolysis 
B)  base hydrolysis 
C)  selective interruption of DNA synthesis 
D)  exposure to 32P 
A)  acid hydrolysis 
B)  base hydrolysis 
C)  selective interruption of DNA synthesis 
D)  exposure to 32P

Question 17

A highly useful method for determining the presence of hydrolyzed fragments of DNA separated by electrophoresis is

Accepted Answer

A)  autoradiography. 
B)  x-ray crystallography. 
C)  analytical ultracentrifugation. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  autoradiography. 
B)  x-ray crystallography. 
C)  analytical ultracentrifugation. 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

Expression libraries are most often made from

Accepted Answer

A)  the mRNA found with a given cell or tissue. 
B)  the genome of a given cell or tissue. 
C)  the promoters of a given cell or tissue. 
D)  the DNA of a single chromosome from cell type or tissue. 
A)  the mRNA found with a given cell or tissue. 
B)  the genome of a given cell or tissue. 
C)  the promoters of a given cell or tissue. 
D)  the DNA of a single chromosome from cell type or tissue.

Question 19

Migration of DNA during electrophoresis is based

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly on the size of the molecule, since the ratio of charge to mass is approximately the same, no matter how large the DNA is. 
B)  mostly on the charge of the molecule, since the ratio of charge to mass is approximately the same, no matter how large the DNA is. 
C)  mostly on the charge-to-mass ratio since this can vary greatly among pieces of DNA. 
D)  on parameters not understood well. 
A)  mostly on the size of the molecule, since the ratio of charge to mass is approximately the same, no matter how large the DNA is. 
B)  mostly on the charge of the molecule, since the ratio of charge to mass is approximately the same, no matter how large the DNA is. 
C)  mostly on the charge-to-mass ratio since this can vary greatly among pieces of DNA. 
D)  on parameters not understood well.

Question 20

Genetic recombination occurs in nature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Which of the following is not a purpose of using nitrocellulose during screening of a DNA library?

When viruses are used as vectors in gene therapy

When fluorescent markers are used for DNA sequencing:

Multi-cloning sites ("poly-linkers") in most commercially available plasmids offer all the following advantages over the earlier plasmids used in genetic recombination except:

The RFLP technique

Restriction enzymes are especially useful for genetic recombination work for all of the following reasons, except:

Fluorescence works because the fluorescent molecule

A multiple cloning site is also known as:

Forensic uses of DNA to identify victims or criminals exploit the following trait in DNA:

A proteome is

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located. -Refer to Exhibit 13A. If a recombinant plasmid was obtained inserting DNA into the BamHI site, screening for the recombinant plasmid can be done by the following technique.

Which of the following conditions is an example of how genetic engineering is currently used to increase food production?

Enzymes that seal nicks in DNA are called

Ethidium bromide slips between the bases of DNA giving it fluorescent properties that differ from those observed when it is free in solution.

In DNA sequencing, fragments to be analyzed are produced by

A highly useful method for determining the presence of hydrolyzed fragments of DNA separated by electrophoresis is

Expression libraries are most often made from

Migration of DNA during electrophoresis is based

Genetic recombination occurs in nature.

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

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