Exam 2: Plato Knowledge Is Recollection

Why does Longino claim that if someone interprets the question, Can There Be a Feminist Science? as being factual, one to be answered by pointing to what feminists in the sciences are doing and saying, Yes, and this is what it is, then such a response can be perceived as question-begging?

Longino tell us that our "commitments, however, presuppose a certain understanding of human action, so that when faced with a conflict between these commitments and a particular model of brain-behavior relationships we allow the logical commitments to guide the choice."

Longino claims that "constitutive values conceived as epistemological (i.e., truth-seeking) are not adequate to screen out the influence of contextual values in the very structuring of ..."

Longino tell us that our "commitments, however, presuppose a certain understanding of human action, so that when faced with a conflict between these commitments and a particular model of brain-behavior relationships we allow the _________ commitments to guide the choice."

Pollock suggests that rather than ask, "How is it possible to discover DNA, or find a cure for cancer?" the epistemologist has traditionally begun by asking, ...

Pollock says that a typical example of a skeptical problem is when we are asked, "But if you cannot be sure you are not a brain in a vat, how can you trust the evidence of your senses?"

For Locke, "innate principles or ideas" allow our minds to interact with physical objects.

MacDonald tells us, "there are procedures for determining whether any waking perception is veridical or illusory. One perception is checked or corrected by others." These procedures are constantly and deliberately employed when a perception is doubted. If I want to determine whether a rock is near me, then I can try to touch it in order to prove that the object is, or is not, real. From this discussion, MacDonald concludes that this is logically impossible in a dream.

What is Socrates's point when he says, "Do you see, Meno, what advances he [the boy] has made in his power of recollection? He did not know at first, and he does not know now, what is the side of a figure of eight feet. But then he thought that he knew, and answered confidently as if he knew, and had no difficulty. Now he has a difficulty, and neither knows nor thinks that he knows."

Longino calls the values that are internal to the sciences, the source of the rules determining what constitutes acceptable scientific practice or scientific method, ...

Why does Longino believe that "that constitutive values conceived as epistemological (i.e., truth-seeking) are not adequate to screen out the influence of contextual values in the very structuring of scientific knowledge"?

According to Zagzebski, what are "intellectual virtues"? Why does Zagzebski think they are important?

According to Zagzebski, "The natural end of belief is ..."

In your opinion, did Socrates teach the boy or simply have the boy recollect what he already knew? Explain your answer.

"Innate principles or ideas" means ...

Zagzebski says, "What I mean by epistemic conscientiousness is ..."

Zagzebski claims that, "The human community has developed norms of reasoning by reflection upon the connection between what we do cognitively and what we later, upon reflection, judge as successful. These norms have been codified into rules. The human community has also identified intellectual traits that we reflectively judge make us more successful at getting truth-or reaching other epistemic ends, such as understanding. We call these intellectual ..."

For Leibniz, the question is to know whether the soul in itself is entirely empty, like a tablet on which nothing has yet been written, also known as ...

How does Augustine differentiate between the idea that "we both are, and know that we are," and the idea that "we perceive the things outside of us"?

According to Pollock, the epistemologist has traditionally begun by asking, "How is knowledge possible at all?" Why is this question important?