Exam 6: Genes and Genomes

Extensive digestion of chromatin with micrococcal nuclease was found to yield particles called nucleosome core particles that appear as beads when viewed by electron microscopy. Which of the following is not found in the nucleosome core particle?

Introns in mRNA-coding genes are the transcribed sequences

Describe the mechanisms by which retrotransposons such as SINEs and LINEs get moved around within the genome.

miRNAs often lie within introns of protein-coding genes.

The genomes of salamanders contain ten times more DNA than the genomes of humans because salamanders

Processed pseudogenes do not have introns. Why not?

During retrotransposition, reverse transcription occurs before integration.

Most pseudogenes are thought to have originated via

Why is it thought that the DNA sequences of centromeres are not critical to their function, whereas the chromatin structure is?

The extended length of all the DNA in one human cell is about two

The consequence of the action of many miRNAs is the blocking or reduction of the eventual expression of proteins. What is the mechanism of action by which miRNAs accomplish this?

The function of telomeres is to

Each human has _______ pairs of chromosomes.

Introns are removed by _______.

What explains how humans are able to express over 85,000 proteins when we are reported to only have about 21,000 genes?

What are two important functions of centromeres?

The mature miRNA contains a double-stranded RNA incorporated into the RISC complex.

Give two reasons why a specific telomere structure is required at the end of a eukaryotic chromosome.

Which statement about introns in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is true?

Kinetochores are the