Question 1

A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  cretinism. 
B)  myxedema. 
C)  goiter. 
D)  colloidosis. 
A)  cretinism. 
B)  myxedema. 
C)  goiter. 
D)  colloidosis.

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)increases

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidney. 
B)  potassium secretion in the distal tubule of the kidney. 
C)  water reabsorption in the collecting tubule of the kidney. 
D)  urinary output. 
A)  sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidney. 
B)  potassium secretion in the distal tubule of the kidney. 
C)  water reabsorption in the collecting tubule of the kidney. 
D)  urinary output.

Question 3

It is true that Graves disease is

Accepted Answer

A)  a secondary endocrine disorder. 
B)  associated with autoantibodies to TSH receptors. 
C)  characterized by high serum TSH levels. 
D)  untreatable. 
A)  a secondary endocrine disorder. 
B)  associated with autoantibodies to TSH receptors. 
C)  characterized by high serum TSH levels. 
D)  untreatable.

Question 4

It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  is increased by thyrotropin-inhibiting factor. 
B)  occurs in perifollicular C cells. 
C)  is stimulated by ACTH. 
D)  is inhibited by iodine deficiency. 
A)  is increased by thyrotropin-inhibiting factor. 
B)  occurs in perifollicular C cells. 
C)  is stimulated by ACTH. 
D)  is inhibited by iodine deficiency.

Question 5

Propylthiouracil may be used to treat hyperthyroidism, because it

Accepted Answer

A)  destroys thyroid gland cells. 
B)  inhibits the release of TSH. 
C)  suppresses production of autoantibodies. 
D)  inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis. 
A)  destroys thyroid gland cells. 
B)  inhibits the release of TSH. 
C)  suppresses production of autoantibodies. 
D)  inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis.

Question 6

Surgical removal of a gland may result in

Accepted Answer

A)  hypersecretion. 
B)  hyposecretion. 
C)  hyporesponsiveness. 
D)  tissue resistance. 
A)  hypersecretion. 
B)  hyposecretion. 
C)  hyporesponsiveness. 
D)  tissue resistance.

Question 7

A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)is

Accepted Answer

A)  hypovolemia. 
B)  hyponatremia. 
C)  decreased osmolality. 
D)  dehydration. 
A)  hypovolemia. 
B)  hyponatremia. 
C)  decreased osmolality. 
D)  dehydration.

Question 8

In comparison to triiodothyronine (T₃), the hormone thyroxine (T₄)

Accepted Answer

A)  has greater biological activity. 
B)  is more abundant in the circulation. 
C)  has a shorter half-life. 
D)  binds to nuclear receptors with greater affinity. 
A)  has greater biological activity. 
B)  is more abundant in the circulation. 
C)  has a shorter half-life. 
D)  binds to nuclear receptors with greater affinity.

Question 9

Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include

Accepted Answer

A)  tremor. 
B)  cold intolerance. 
C)  lethargy. 
D)  weight gain. 
A)  tremor. 
B)  cold intolerance. 
C)  lethargy. 
D)  weight gain.

Exam 40: Disorders of Endocrine Function

A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known as

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)increases

It is true that Graves disease is

It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormones

Propylthiouracil may be used to treat hyperthyroidism, because it

Surgical removal of a gland may result in

A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)is

In comparison to triiodothyronine (T₃), the hormone thyroxine (T₄)

Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and AIDS

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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