Question 1

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary hyposecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma. 
A)  pituitary hyposecretion of TSH. 
B)  adrenal insufficiency following adrenalectomy. 
C)  congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 
D)  pheochromocytoma. A

Question 2

Growth hormone has several effects on the body, including

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function. 
A)  decreasing plasma glucose level. 
B)  increasing lean body mass. 
C)  enhancing deposition of fat. 
D)  depressing immune function. B

Question 3

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Accepted Answer

A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone. 
A)  catecholamine. 
B)  thyroid hormone. 
C)  peptide hormone. 
D)  pituitary hormone. B

Question 4

Oversecretion of ACTH occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  Cushing disease. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  hypoglycemia. 
A)  Cushing disease. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  diabetes insipidus. 
D)  hypoglycemia.

Question 5

Which hormone is highly bound to carrier proteins in the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid hormones 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Parathyroid hormone 
A)  Thyroid hormones 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Parathyroid hormone

Question 6

What suppresses the normal secretion of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Somatostatin 
C)  Somatomedin 
D)  Amino acids 
A)  Hypoglycemia 
B)  Somatostatin 
C)  Somatomedin 
D)  Amino acids

Question 7

Thyroid hormones are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides. 
B)  tyrosine amino acids. 
C)  globulin. 
D)  catecholamines. 
A)  peptides. 
B)  tyrosine amino acids. 
C)  globulin. 
D)  catecholamines.

Question 8

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous hormones suppress endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation. 
A)  the pituitary gland oversecretes hormones. 
B)  the pituitary gland undersecretes hormones. 
C)  exogenous hormones suppress endogenous production. 
D)  the target gland is unresponsive to pituitary regulation.

Question 9

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to ________ secretion.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone 
A)  increase vasopressin 
B)  decrease vasopressin 
C)  decrease ADH 
D)  decrease aldosterone

Question 10

Which hormone is responsible for regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyrotropin 
B)  Androgen 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Cortisol 
A)  Thyrotropin 
B)  Androgen 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Cortisol

Question 11

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  somatostatin. 
D)  somatomedin.

Question 12

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________ of the adrenal cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulosa 
B)  reticularis 
C)  fasciculata 
D)  medulla 
A)  glomerulosa 
B)  reticularis 
C)  fasciculata 
D)  medulla

Question 13

Which hormone is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone 
A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Vasopressin 
C)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
D)  Aldosterone

Question 14

_________ is the hormone which causes uterine and milk duct contractions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasopressin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Antidiuretic 
A)  Vasopressin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Antidiuretic

Question 15

In primary thyroid hormone deficiency, the TSH levels are

Accepted Answer

A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  undetectable. 
D)  constantly fluctuating. 
A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  undetectable. 
D)  constantly fluctuating.

Question 16

The tightness of the hormone-receptor bond is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  specificity. 
B)  affinity. 
C)  half-life. 
D)  set point. 
A)  specificity. 
B)  affinity. 
C)  half-life. 
D)  set point.

Question 17

The most common mechanism regulating hormone production and secretion is

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 18

Aldosterone secretion would be expected to produce which change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease sodium reabsorption 
B)  Decrease urine potassium 
C)  Decrease blood pressure 
D)  Increase blood pressure 
A)  Decrease sodium reabsorption 
B)  Decrease urine potassium 
C)  Decrease blood pressure 
D)  Increase blood pressure

Question 19

Up-regulation of target cell receptors results in

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased target cell sensitivity to hormone. 
B)  reduced production of hormone. 
C)  increased target cell responsiveness to hormone. 
D)  an increased hormone half-life. 
A)  decreased target cell sensitivity to hormone. 
B)  reduced production of hormone. 
C)  increased target cell responsiveness to hormone. 
D)  an increased hormone half-life.

Question 20

Hormones that are released from the anterior pituitary gland include

Accepted Answer

A)  luteinizing hormone. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone. 
A)  luteinizing hormone. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone.

Exam 39: Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is

Growth hormone has several effects on the body, including

An example of a lipid-soluble hormone is

Oversecretion of ACTH occurs in

Which hormone is highly bound to carrier proteins in the bloodstream?

What suppresses the normal secretion of growth hormone?

Thyroid hormones are derived from

A primary endocrine disorder occurs when

An increase in serum osmolality would be expected to ________ secretion.

Which hormone is responsible for regulation of immune and inflammatory reactions?

The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by

Cortisol is produced in the zona ________ of the adrenal cortex.

Which hormone is regulated by releasing and inhibiting factors from the hypothalamus?

_________ is the hormone which causes uterine and milk duct contractions.

In primary thyroid hormone deficiency, the TSH levels are

The tightness of the hormone-receptor bond is known as

The most common mechanism regulating hormone production and secretion is

Aldosterone secretion would be expected to produce which change?

Up-regulation of target cell receptors results in

Hormones that are released from the anterior pituitary gland include

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and AIDS

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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