Question 1

The arterial oxygen content (CaO₂)for a patient with PaO₂ 100 mm Hg, SaO₂ 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dl is _____ ml oxygen/dl.

Accepted Answer

A)  19.4 
B)  1909.8 
C)  210 
D)  21.05 
A)  19.4 
B)  1909.8 
C)  210 
D)  21.05 A

Question 2

Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal disease 
B)  Aplastic anemia 
C)  Hypertension 
D)  Hemolytic anemia 
A)  Renal disease 
B)  Aplastic anemia 
C)  Hypertension 
D)  Hemolytic anemia D

Question 3

A newborn patient is diagnosed with hemolytic disease.The nurse may expect to find what signs and symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Petechial hemorrhages 
B)  Hepatomegaly 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Kernicterus 
E)  Erythema 
A)  Petechial hemorrhages 
B)  Hepatomegaly 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Kernicterus 
E)  Erythema A, B, C, D

Question 4

The cause of the most common form of anemia is

Accepted Answer

A)  acute bleeding. 
B)  iron deficiency. 
C)  protein malnutrition. 
D)  chronic disease. 
A)  acute bleeding. 
B)  iron deficiency. 
C)  protein malnutrition. 
D)  chronic disease.

Question 5

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

Accepted Answer

A)  iron. 
B)  intrinsic factor. 
C)  folate. 
D)  erythropoietin. 
A)  iron. 
B)  intrinsic factor. 
C)  folate. 
D)  erythropoietin.

Question 6

The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is

Accepted Answer

A)  volume expansion with saline. 
B)  measures to improve oxygenation. 
C)  phlebotomy. 
D)  chemotherapy. 
A)  volume expansion with saline. 
B)  measures to improve oxygenation. 
C)  phlebotomy. 
D)  chemotherapy.

Question 7

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased total iron-binding capacity 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Hypovolemia 
D)  Jaundice 
A)  Increased total iron-binding capacity 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Hypovolemia 
D)  Jaundice

Question 8

The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin)or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called ________.

Accepted Answer

megaloblasts
Megalob

Question 9

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)are characteristic of which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency 
A)  Vitamin B12 deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Erythropoietin deficiency

Question 10

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate 
B)  Iron 
C)  Magnesium 
D)  Calcium 
A)  Phosphate 
B)  Iron 
C)  Magnesium 
D)  Calcium

Question 11

Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  methemoglobin. 
C)  bilirubin. 
D)  erythropoietin. 
A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  methemoglobin. 
C)  bilirubin. 
D)  erythropoietin.

Question 12

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia, because they are both

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperchromic. 
B)  microcytic. 
C)  genetic. 
D)  responsive to iron therapy. 
A)  hyperchromic. 
B)  microcytic. 
C)  genetic. 
D)  responsive to iron therapy.

Question 13

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperthermia. 
B)  shift to the right. 
C)  elevated PCO₂. 
D)  shift to the left. 
A)  hyperthermia. 
B)  shift to the right. 
C)  elevated PCO₂. 
D)  shift to the left.

Question 14

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before ____ years of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.

Accepted Answer

2
two
Vaccination for pneumoco

Question 15

A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated total iron-binding capacity. 
B)  elevated MCHC and MCV. 
C)  elevated total and indirect bilirubin. 
D)  positive direct or indirect Coombs test. 
A)  elevated total iron-binding capacity. 
B)  elevated MCHC and MCV. 
C)  elevated total and indirect bilirubin. 
D)  positive direct or indirect Coombs test.

Question 16

Anemia related to vitamin B₁₂ or folate deficiency is characterized by what laboratory features?

Accepted Answer

A)  RBC counts of 775,000 to 900,000 cells/mm3 
B)  RBC counts of 500,000 to 750,000 cells/mm3 
C)  WBC counts of 3000 to 4000 cells/mm3 
D)  WBC counts of 4000 to 5000 cells/mm3 
E)  Platelet counts of 60,000 cells/mm3 
A)  RBC counts of 775,000 to 900,000 cells/mm3 
B)  RBC counts of 500,000 to 750,000 cells/mm3 
C)  WBC counts of 3000 to 4000 cells/mm3 
D)  WBC counts of 4000 to 5000 cells/mm3 
E)  Platelet counts of 60,000 cells/mm3

Question 17

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxyhemoglobin. 
B)  bicarbonate ion. 
C)  dissolved carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbonic acid. 
A)  carboxyhemoglobin. 
B)  bicarbonate ion. 
C)  dissolved carbon dioxide. 
D)  carbonic acid.

Question 18

What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Thrombocythemia 
C)  Neutrophilia 
D)  Pancytopenia 
A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Thrombocythemia 
C)  Neutrophilia 
D)  Pancytopenia

Question 19

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  lung. 
D)  liver. 
A)  bone marrow. 
B)  kidney. 
C)  lung. 
D)  liver.

Question 20

Regarding iron deficiency anemia, what laboratory features are typically decreased?

Accepted Answer

A)  MCV 
B)  MCH 
C)  MCHC 
D)  WBC 
E)  Thrombocytes 
A)  MCV 
B)  MCH 
C)  MCHC 
D)  WBC 
E)  Thrombocytes

Exam 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport

The arterial oxygen content (CaO₂)for a patient with PaO₂ 100 mm Hg, SaO₂ 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dl is _____ ml oxygen/dl.

Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

A newborn patient is diagnosed with hemolytic disease.The nurse may expect to find what signs and symptoms?

The cause of the most common form of anemia is

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin)or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called ________.

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)are characteristic of which type of anemia?

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia, because they are both

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before ____ years of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.

A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is

Anemia related to vitamin B₁₂ or folate deficiency is characterized by what laboratory features?

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

Regarding iron deficiency anemia, what laboratory features are typically decreased?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

HIV Disease and AIDS

Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

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