Exam 11: Europe in the World, 1650-1800

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How did Europe benefit economically from slavery?

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Colonial rivalries were one of the principal driving forces of relationships between European states.

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Of the various countries involved in the colonization of the Americas, ________ position was marginal compared to that of its competitors and its position in the East Indian trade.

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All European countries with a maritime presence were active in the slave trade, but ________ was especially prominent, shipping slaves to its own colonies and under the asiento.

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The system of slavery was a significant part of early modern empires, but by the end of the eighteenth century anti-slavery sentiment was increasing and the nineteenth century saw the end of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. How was slavery abolished in Britain and France?

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By the end of the Seven Years War, the English East India Company (EEIC) was an agent of British power that was effectively in control of large parts of India. How did the EEIC establish its power in Asia?

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The plantations of the New World relied on slave labour to produce a variety of crops. Europeans regarded ________ plantations as the most important or valuable.

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In 1789, the Brazilian province of Minas Gerais rebelled against the Portuguese. What factors contributed to this rebellion?

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Europe was the only continent where industrialization could take place, which explains why it was able to establish itself as the dominant power in the nineteenth century.

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During the early modern period, millions of Africans were forcibly shipped across the Atlantic Ocean as slaves, ________ of whom died on the middle passage.

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Why were Europeans less successful in establishing trade in China and Japan than they were elsewhere in Asia?

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The Royal Society awarded Captain James Cook a medal following his 1772-1775 circumnavigation of the globe because ________.

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What factors drove the attempts at exploration in the Pacific Ocean?

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Trade with China was difficult because Europe did not produce anything that China wanted to buy. The situation changed with the introduction of ________, which the British began to smuggle into China.

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The Dutch East India Company (VOC) may have been the dominant European presence in Asia during the seventeenth century, but its power waned over the eighteenth century and the English East India Company (EEIC) came to take its place. What factors contributed to this change in fortune?

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How did the Danish explorer Vitus Bering (1681-1741) help Russia's efforts to establish a foothold in the Pacific?

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European rulers and governments believed the primary purpose of colonies was ________.

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Ties between New France and France remained strong until the fall of Quebec and colonists in New France did not develop a strong independent identity separate from France.

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Captain James Cook's inability to find the Northwest Passage meant that he returned to England in disgrace following his second voyage.

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