Exam 4: The Age of Religious War
What was the Edict of Restitution?
Following his early victories in the Thirty Years War, Ferdinand II took advantage of his strong position to impose his will on the Holy Roman Empire. He did so with the Edict of Restitution. This document restored secularized land to the Catholic Church, forbade Lutheran worship in a number of cities, and forcibly re-Catholicized a number of cities. The Edict of Restitution was a blunder since it alienated Lutheran princes and made Catholic princes concerned about Ferdinand's underlying goals.
What were the terms of the Peace of Westphalia?
The Peace of Westphalia recognized the sovereignty of all German princes in internal affairs and external ones, so long as they were not directed against the Emperor. The Peace of Westphalia confirmed the Augsburg principle but permitted Calvinism in addition to Lutheranism and Catholicism. Westphalia also recognized French and Swedish territorial gains and named them guarantors of the terms of the treaties.
The division of the Low Countries into the United Provinces and the Spanish Netherlands was due to religious divisions.
False
What role did religion play in Habsburg politics during Philip II's reign?
Warfare was a constant and continual fact in the lives of early modern Europeans.
________ changed the Huguenot resistance and the nature of the French Wars of Religion.
Unlike the rest of Europe, England did not experience a religious war, but it was not free from religious divisions or conflicts. How did religion influence English politics?
The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw a dramatic increase in the size of armies.
Duke Henry of Guise played a role in the strike on Huguenot leadership, but he had no part in the general massacre of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.
The guiding principle of the Peace of Augsburg was ________.
The Spanish Armada was more significant as a victory to England than as a defeat to Spain.
The Valois kings of France opposed the growth of the Habsburg dynasty and Charles V's attempts to strengthen his imperial title.
Following Henry II's death, Catherine de Medici aligned with the Guises in order to limit the religious freedom of the Huguenots.
Why did the Edict of Nantes succeed where all other attempts at religious settlement failed?
The Habsburg Empire was a dynastic empire with no administrative or institutional unity.
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