Exam 3: ATI-TEAS-Reading

The future of space travel may not lie with humans, but with robots. At the dawn of the space age, space travel required human astronauts-they were simply more capable than robots. But humans developed technology that steadily made robots more attractive. Astronauts have to breathe, eat, and drink to keep going. But robots can travel to the ends of the solar system free of such constraints. They can do more, go further, and because they don't require costly life-support systems, they can do it all more often. Of course, they still require human direction. Nevertheless, we should all look for more robotic space travelers in the future. Which of the following data support the author's argument about why robots make good space travelers?

current Adj) 1) belonging to the present time; happening or being used or done now N) 2) a body of water or air moving in a definite direction, especially through a surrounding body of water 3) a flow of electricity which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles 4) a quantity representing the rate of flow of electric charge Which of the definitions in the dictionary best fits the sentence: "It is important to stay up to date on current events"?

To: All Daystar Employees From: Management Information Services Date: July 7 Dear Daystar Employees, This is to remind you all that as of August 1st,  your old company email address (employeename@loganindustries.com) will change to employeename@daystar.com to reflect the results of the recent buyout. Your previous email account will continue to be available from now until 6 pm on September 1, after which you will no longer be able to access the old account directly. It will be possible, however, to forward emails from your old Logan Industries address to the new Daystar address. At any time from July 15 through September 30, you may go on to the main Daystar Corporation website and navigate to the "Online Services" portal to find instructions on how to transfer information from one account to the other. You will be able to transfer personal information, email contacts, and more at this location. You will also be able to activate an automatic forwarding system for emails that are sent to your old address. The forwarding system will be available for the three months following the changeover, until September 30. After September 30, emails sent to the old address will no longer be forwarded, and you will not be able to retrieve them without assistance from Management Information Services. If you have any questions please do not hesitate to call the Management Information Services department at extension 3124. Thank you, John Sanchez Team Leader, Management Information Services What logical conclusion can be drawn from the information included in this memo?

Use the job posting below to answer the question. $25-$30 an hour + Commission (posted 6/17) City Lights Remodeling is America's #1 remodeler as ranked by Remodeling Magazine based on sales. We are a rapidly growing company and are currently seeking well-spoken, energetic and eager-to-learn individuals who are interested in starting a career with one of the nation's top home remodeling companies. City Lights Remodeling is an incredible business that allows its employees to grow with the company. We have several high-earning opportunities available. We offer a lucrative performance-based compensation plan which includes base pay plus commission and monthly bonuses. The candidates chosen for this salaried position will speak directly with prospective clients in communities located in and around the Greater-Las Vegas area and surrounding cities. They will engage in meaningful conversations with homeowners in their own houses, generate interest in our products, and schedule appointments to meet with a Project Consultant. No experience necessary Paid professional training Full-time career opportunity Fun and successful, high-energy work culture Uncapped commission with base pay + monthly bonuses No telephone cold calls Fun outings- Ski trips, barbecues, holiday parties, casino trips, sporting events, concert tickets, etc. Again, we offer… Fun and successful work culture Base + Commission + Additional Bonuses NO CAP on commission To apply, simply navigate to our company website's current jobs page. Click on the call center representative job. You will be asked to upload your cover letter and resume. City Lights Remodeling 213 Boulder Highway Las Vegas, Nevada 90236 Citylightsremodeling.com Which of the following information is given in the job posting?

An elderly woman and a rich man were seated next to each other on a flight from San Francisco to Denver. The man asked if she would enjoy playing a fun game. "I'll ask you a question, and if you don't know the answer, you'll have to pay me $5, and vice versa." She declined and tried to get some sleep. Annoyed, the man said, "OK. If you get the question wrong, you only owe me five bucks. But if I get the question wrong, I owe you $500." This was too good to pass up, so she agreed. The lawyer asked the first question. "What is the circumference of the earth?" The woman had no idea, so she paid him $5. Then the woman asked the man, "What wears makeup and walks on three legs?" The man had no idea. He took out his laptop and searched high and low for the answer…but he didn't have any luck. After searching for nearly an hour, he gave the woman $500. The woman said "thanks" and tried to sleep. The lawyer was clearly upset and asked the woman what the answer was. Without saying a word, the woman smiled and gave the lawyer a five-dollar bill. Which of the details supports the inference that the elderly women did not know the answer to the question that she asked the man?

Tidal Power The gravitational pull of the moon and the sun, as well as Earth's rotation, create the tides-the rise and fall in sea levels. In some places, tidal action can cause water levels-especially those near the shore-to vary up to forty feet. Today, the awesome power of the tides is used to generate electricity. The two main types of tidal power systems are tidal barrages and tidal turbines. Tidal barrages use a structure similar to a dam. The structure, called a barrage, is located across an inlet of an ocean bay or lagoon. Massive gates attached to the barrage open and close to control water levels and flow rates. They allow the tidal basin to fill with water on the incoming flood current. This water is then emptied through an electric turbine system on the outgoing current. As water races through the turbine system, electricity is generated. Tidal turbines look and operate quite similar to wind turbines. But because water is about 800 times denser than air, tidal turbines must be much sturdier and heavier. These power generation units are permanently attached to the sea floor in areas with a strong tidal flow. They operate as the ocean's current spins past massive blades. The blades are attached to turbines that produce electricity. Systems in Scotland and South Korea have tidal turbines that are capable of producing up to 1.5 megawatts of electricity-enough electricity to power roughly 1,500 homes. But tidal power is not without some drawbacks. Scientists think that the electromagnetic waves generated by the tidal turbines could disrupt ocean life. In particular, scientists are worried that they might affect the migration patterns of aquatic animals. But already, a workaround has been suggested-the turbines are simply turned off when certain migrating sea mammals approach them. Another drawback of tidal power is the high cost of construction. They are, for example, much more expensive to install than wind or solar power facilities. Still, tidal power facilities are durable, lasting as much as four times as long as wind or solar power plants. Tidal power emits zero greenhouse gases, so it is an extremely clean power source. It takes up relatively little space, too, when compared to other green energy projects. For example, the Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station in South Korea was easily added to an existing 12.5 kilometer-long seawall. Windfarms and even solar farms, on the other hand, can take up vast tracts of land, sometimes amounting to hundreds of square kilometers. Another benefit of tidal power is that the power it generates is extremely predictable. Obviously, the gravitational pull of the sun and moon are not going to cease any time soon. The benefits of tidal power seem to outweigh its drawbacks. Clearly, it's time to produce more of these electricity-generating facilities wherever possible. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

Polar Dinosaurs When you think of the typical dinosaur habitat, images of steamy swamps or boiling tropical forests probably come to mind. And certainly, dinosaurs flourished in such environments for millions of years. You might not think of Antarctica or Alaska as probable homes for dinosaurs. However, paleontologists have unearthed the remains of dinosaurs that did quite well in environments that were cold for at least part of the year. Known as polar dinosaurs, they endured long periods of darkness, sometimes up to six months each winter. Seventy million years ago, Alaska was cold but not as cold as it is today. Still, winters would have come with plenty of ice and snow. Scientists estimate that Alaska's climate at the time would have come close to that of Chicago today. The fossil evidence shows that relatives of Tyrannosaurus rex would have hunted the thirty-five-foot-long herbivore Edmontosaurus in forests rich with conifers, or cone-bearing trees, such as ancestors to modern junipers or pines. Polar dinosaurs had two options when winter arrived. They could stay put or escape to warmer climes. Amazingly, it appears that some remained in the area over the long winters. This raises the question of whether the polar dinosaurs were warm-blooded, like modern birds and mammals, or cold-blooded, like modern reptiles. Warm-blooded animals maintain body temperature internally, through metabolism. By contrast, cold-blooded animals warm their bodies by absorbing heat from the sun and their surroundings. That's why you might see a lizard sunning itself on a rock early in the morning. But, at extreme northern and southern latitudes, the sun doesn't rise for several months during the winter. In these places, it would be nearly impossible for a cold-blooded dinosaur to survive. Could these dinosaurs have actually been warm-blooded? Common sense says that they had to be warm-blooded. And many paleontologists now agree. To see why you just need to look at the bones. Bones of all animals have growth rings, similar to the growth rings found on trees. They indicate how quickly or slowly an animal grows. The researchers compared the dinosaurs' growth rates with those of both living and extinct animals and found that the dinosaurs' growth rate matched that of mammals. Scientists also looked at limb length and the amount of muscle required to move the limbs. Cold-blooded animals typically have shorter limb length and less muscle mass than warm-blooded animals. Based on hip height, these scientists concluded that the five largest dinosaurs would have had to be warm-blooded to walk or run. The polar dinosaurs lived in a very strange world. And many scientists now think that the only way they could have thrived there was by being warm-blooded. Which of the following is an opinion stated in the passage?

Dolly the Sheep The topic of human reproductive cloning has been highly debated for decades. However, the world's most famous clone was actually a sheep. Dolly the Sheep (July 5, 1996 - February 14, 2003) was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell. Cloned at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland, it took seven months for Dolly's cloning to be publicly announced. Once the success of the experiment was made known, though, it was considered by some to be a scientific, revolutionary breakthrough that changed the history of cloning. Most people probably do not realize that cloning has existed since the beginning of time. For example, organisms such as bacteria create offspring that are genetically identical to the parent through asexual reproduction, the primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms. In biotechnology, cloning is known as the process of producing copies of cells or DNA fragments. In the cloning of Dolly the Sheep, British biologists called upon the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique. The SCNT technique is a process in which the nucleus from an ordinary, adult cell is transferred into an enucleated oocyte, or commonly known as an unfertilized, developing egg cell. Then, the hybrid cell is divided by an electric shock and implanted in a surrogate mother. In this case, Dolly the Sheep had three mothers, one of which provided the egg, one that provided the DNA, and one that carried the cloned embryo to term. The SCNT process is not only a substantially effective form of animal cloning, but it results in a creature having nearly the same genetic potential as the one providing the nuclear DNA. Interestingly, while Dolly the Sheep is considered to be the most famous cloning experiment, it was not the first time that an animal had been cloned. In fact, other sheep had been cloned in 1984 and 1995, but these experiments were not as notable since they involved embryonic and fetal cells. The fact that Dolly the Sheep had been made from adult cells is what set the experiment apart from the rest. This successful cloning broke new ground in both biology and medicine, as it proved that genetic material from a specific adult cell could be programmed to grow a completely different organism. Dolly the Sheep also triggered an intense worldwide response and a burning debate regarding bioethics. Skeptics and critics of the SCNT technique argued that the process could be used to create human clones, which could act as a violation of human dignity. Some countries even banned cloning and considered it illegal. Those in favor of the SCNT technique, on the other hand, argued that SCNT could help improve understanding of aging and genetics, while also leading to the production of cheaper medicines. Which of the following is a logical conclusion based on the passage?

Arachnophobia: The Fear of Spiders Have you ever jumped at the unexpected sight of a black eight-legged spider? If you have, you are not alone. It has been estimated that as many as one in three women and one in four men have experienced varying degrees of arachnophobia, more commonly known as a fear of spiders. Since the term phobia means an extreme fear of a particular object or idea, not everyone who dislikes spiders has a phobia. In fact, the level of fear experienced by people with classic cases of arachnophobia include interruptions of daily life, such as refusing to clean the house in fear of finding a spider or cobweb. Although the exact reason behind society's fear of spiders is still up to question, scientists have provided various theories that shed light on the possible reasonings behind the phenomenon. One theory, for example, dates back to our ancestors. While most spiders do not pose a serious risk to humans, they are in some way venomous, and a fear of spiders in Paleolithic times may have helped humans survive and reproduce. Other scientists, however, disagree with this theory, since fears of deadlier animals and insects (such as scorpions and tigers) are not as common as arachnophobia. Some scientists have also posited that the fear of spiders came about from negativity regarding the species that has been passed down through generations. In other words, even if most spiders aren't deadly, people have been taught to have strong, negative reactions to them throughout history. Psychologists have put forth two major cognitive-behavioral techniques (CBT) aimed at helping those experiencing the potentially debilitating effects of arachnophobia, which can include not being able to go to work or perform daily tasks. The first CBT technique, known as Cognitive Reframing, helps change the way a patient perceives various triggers. The goal of this technique is to change one's physical reaction to spiders, thus eliminating the severity of the phobia. Those who undergo this therapy are encouraged to challenge the fearful thoughts associated with spiders and replace them with positive thoughts. Systematic Desensitization, on the other hand, is a product of classical conditioning and behavioral therapy. This therapy includes relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation, which seek to calm stressful physical responses to the phobia. In more intense cases of arachnophobia, however, antidepressant or anti-anxiety medications are prescribed as a way to coincide with the effects of CBT therapy and offer additional support. Psychologists believe that the combination of medication and CBT therapy could lead to quicker, more stable results in patients. Interestingly, virtual reality therapy, which includes fake, virtual representations of phobias, may be just as effective as traditional treatments. However, a virtual eight-legged spider is not as scary as the real thing! Which of the following is the author's main purpose for the sentence "Have you ever jumped at the unexpected sight of a black eight-legged spider?"

Which source could help a student find historical weather patterns?

An eighty-year-old man in Miami called his son in New York the day before Thanksgiving and said, "I'm sorry to tell you this, but your mother and I are divorcing. We're sick of each other and both of us want a change for the better." He then hung up. Frantic, the son called his sister in Los Angeles. "I won't let this happen!" his sister said, "Leave this to me. I'll take care of it." She called her dad immediately and screamed at him. "You aren't getting divorced! Don't do a single thing until I get there. I'm calling my brother back, and we'll both be there tomorrow." The old man hung up the phone and, turning to his wife, said, "OK. They'll be here for Thanksgiving. Now, what will we tell them for Christmas?" Which of the following is a logical conclusion based on the passage?

Sometimes suppliers do not extend credit, but instead require payment up front.  Which of the following defines "extend" as it is used in the sentence above?

Use the advertisement below to answer the question. Happy Days Amusement Park Happy Days Amusement Park, located in Green Valley between the St. John River and the towering Red Rock Mountain is the finest amusement park in the great Southwest-bar none! Bring your family and let your spirits soar! Rides & Games: The park features thirty rides including roller coasters (the Titan Terror, Scream While You Can), two water rides (Perilous Plume, Dixie River) and fifteen Kiddie-ville rides. Also, there are twenty-five games, three video arcades, and four souvenir shops located throughout the park. Food: Mountainside terrace is our newly remodeled cafeteria serving delicious dishes from around the world. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the park. In addition, there are five snack stops located in the park. Here you can find whatever snack foods your heart desires-popcorn, fried treats, and snow cones, just to name a few! Advanced reservations: Avoid the lines and make your reservations online. All tickets are available. An all-day pass for children 12 and under is $50. Take advantage of our special BOGO deal. From now through September 30th, buy one regular adult admission ticket for $100.00 and get another for free! (Available only online.) Parking: Parking is free! But if you'd prefer the choicest of spots, Preferred Parking is available for $5.00 per vehicle. Enter through the south gate opposite the ticket office. Located off of I-25 just off of the first Clarksville exit. Local calls for general information: 1-875-555-9898 According to the advertisement, how can tickets be purchased in advance?

The business had been in operation for five years.  Which of the following defines "operation" as used in the sentence above?

From: Tom Smith (tsmith@oceansideinn.com) To: June Parker (jparker@mail.com) Subject: Response to Inquiry Date: May 30 Dear Ms. Parker, Thank you for contacting us here at the Oceanside Inn. We would be happy to provide you with accommodations for you and your family during your stay here next month. However, all of our suites are booked during the lodging dates that you requested in your email. I can offer you a possible solution. We can book your family in two rooms at the end of the hallway. The two rooms would be right next to each other, and you would have some privacy away from the other guests. Each room has its own bathroom with shower and two queen-sized beds. In addition, there is an interior door linking the two rooms to each other. We hope that these rooms will suit your needs. If so, we will be happy to book you into the rooms for five days starting on June 3rd. The rooms run for $85 per night, and we offer a 10% Drivers' Club discount, if you happen to be a member. The price includes a buffet breakfast. Would you like to proceed with this reservation? If I can be of further assistance, please let me know. Sincerely, Tom Smith Desk Manager, Oceanside Inn What is the purpose of this email?

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever There's a silent killer stalking unsuspecting victims in the woodlands of North America. The killer is tiny-often small enough to fit on the head of a pin-but it packs a powerful punch. Who is this villain? It's a blood-sucking tick whose bite can cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in humans. RMSF is not actually caused by the tick itself. Rather, it can occur after the tick is infected with a pathogenic bacterium known as Rickettsia rickettsii. Thus, the tick is merely a vector, or carrier, of the disease-causing bacteria. Ticks that carry these bacteria are the most common source of infection. In order for the infection to be passed on from insect to human, an infected tick must attach itself to the skin for six to ten hours. Many people who are infected with Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria become sick after about one week. Others, however, might not display any symptoms of RMSF for up to fourteen days. The initial signs and symptoms are nonspecific and can mimic those of other illnesses. These include high fever, chills, severe headache, achy muscles, nausea or vomiting, and general confusion. Three to five days after these initial symptoms occur, a distinctive non-itchy rash can appear. The rash-bright red spots about five millimeters across-usually first appears on the wrists and ankles, and then spreads outwards. Nonetheless, some people never develop these spots at all, making diagnosis tricky. RMSF damages the lining of the body's smallest blood vessels, causing clots to form as well as leaks to occur. This, in turn, can cause other problems including inflammation of the brain, inflammation of the lungs, or kidney failure. In some cases, amputation of the fingers and toes may be necessary due to blood vessel damage. If left untreated, the disease can cause death. Historically, the death rate for the disease was as high as eighty percent. With modern antibiotics, there is a sure cure for the disease. Doxycycline is the recommended antibiotic treatment for RMSF in adults and children of all ages. But you can decrease the chances of getting RMSF by taking a few simple precautions. First, always wear long pants and sleeves when you're out in the woods. Products containing DEET can often repel ticks. But more than anything else, check yourself for ticks from head to toe after being in a wooded or grassy area. Still, care must be taken because ticks can be tiny and easily overlooked. Taking this step has a distinct payoff. After all, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Which of the following sentences contains an opinion?

There was a path running through the middle of the forest.  Which of the following defines "running" as it is used in the sentence above?

Monarch Butterflies Take a moment and think of a butterfly-any type of butterfly at all. Chances are good that the distinct orange, black, and yellow monarch butterfly came to mind. The monarch is perhaps the most beautiful of all butterflies in existence. That is, to a human the coloration is beautiful, but not so for other animals. The coloring is like a flashing red light to potential predators, sending a warning that the insect is foul tasting and poisonous. However, the greatest threat to the wellbeing of the monarch butterfly might not be coming from predators, but from the activities of humans. As larvae, monarch caterpillars feed almost exclusively on the milkweed plant. This plant is critical for their survival and adults will return to areas rich in milkweed to lay their eggs directly on the plants. The milkweed that they feed on contains a poisonous toxin that is then stored in their bodies. This is what makes the monarch butterfly taste so terrible to predators. An animal that eats a monarch probably won't die, but it will feel sick enough to avoid other monarchs in the future. Perhaps the most amazing aspect of the monarch is its 3000-mile annual migration. Every year as winter approaches, millions of these insects leave their homes in the United States and Canada, heading south to Southern California and Mexico. They travel between fifty and one hundred miles a day, the entire journey taking up to two months to complete. The monarchs return to the same forests every year, with some landing on the same trees that their ancestors did years earlier. As many as one billion of these delicate creatures find their way to the mountains of Mexico each year. Towards the end of winter, the monarchs mate. The males die soon afterwards but the females fly north, depositing eggs on milkweed plants along the way. Eventually, they too will die along the journey. The eggs will hatch and the larvae will become butterflies. These insects then continue the journey north. Sadly, this regal insect is facing a number of threats to its existence. For one, scientists predict that one major effect of climate change will be wetter and colder winters. If they are dry, monarchs can survive sub-freezing temperatures, but if they're wet, they will freeze to death. Furthermore, as summers warm, habitats that are suitable for them will begin to move further and further north. This results in longer migrations. Before long, the distances may simply be too much for the insects to handle. Finally, the monarch faces extreme habitat loss in Mexico. Illegal logging there has greatly reduced the forests where the butterflies head in the winter. This problem in particular has become so serious that the International Union for Conservation of Nature listed the monarch as a "threatened phenomena." Will the monarch survive? It seems that it is up to the actions of human beings. Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage?

Use the map below to answer the question. Based on the map, which of the following is true about the cultural site?

Use the schedule below to answer the question. The Terrible Twos (G, 90 min.) 1:00 pm 3:45 pm 5:30 pm 8:00 pm I'll Be Seeing You (PG-13, 97 min.) 11:10 am 1:00 pm 3:20 pm 5:45 pm 7:30 pm Creature Lake (PG-13, 109 min.) 11:45 am 1:15 pm 3:30 pm 6:00 pm 8:45 pm The Mummy's Revenge  (R, 120 min.) 11:30 am 2:00 pm 4:45 pm 7:30 pm 10:00 pm Home on the Range (R, 90 min.) 1:15 pm 3:00 pm 6:45 pm 10:15 pm The Asteroid (R, 105 min.) 2:00 pm 3:15 pm 5:30 pm 7:45 pm Adult general admission $10.00. Children's admission $5.00 ·         Students are offered a $2.50 discount on all movies starting before 6:00 pm. ·         Seniors receive a 50% discount on all shows starting before noon. Which of the following movies would be most appropriate for a four-year-old child to watch?